G-load

This study evaluated the impacts of the probiotic, Lactobacillus sakei ( L. sakei ), and the extract of hawthorn, Crataegus elbursensis , on growth and immunity of the common carp exposed to acetamiprid. Fish (mean ± SE: 11.48 ± 0.1 g) feeding was done with formulated diets ( T 1 (control): no supplementation, T 2 : 1 × 106  CFU/g LS ( Lactobacillus sakei ), T3: 1 × 108  CFU/g LS, T 4 : 0.5% hawthorn extract (HWE), and T 5 : 1% HWE) for 60 days and then exposed to acetamiprid for 14 days...

BACKGROUND: Hypertensive disorders in pregnancy (HDP) are leading causes of maternal mortality (with severe pre-eclampsia/eclampsia [SPE/EC] being causes of death). Magnesium sulphate (MgSO4 ) has proven to be the drug of choice for SPE/EC management. However, its availability and cost remain a drawback to its use in developing countries. This study aimed to compare Zuspan regimen with its 12-hour modification for SPE/EC management in two major hospitals in Abeokuta, Ogun state, South Western Nigeria...

Green stormwater infrastructure (GSI) is adopted to reduce the impact of stormwater on urban flooding and water quality issues. This study assessed the performance of GSI, like bioretention basins, in accumulating metals. Twenty one GSI basins were considered for this study, which were located in New York and Pennsylvania, USA. Shallow (0-5 cm) soil samples were collected from each site at inlet, pool, and adjacent reference locations. The study analyzed 3 base cations (Ca, Mg, Na) and 6 metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn), some of which are toxic to ecosystem and human health...

Carbon monoxide (CO), an endogenous signaling molecule, is known to exert a range of pharmacological effects, including anti-inflammation, organ protection, and antimetastasis in various animal models. We have previously shown the ability of organic prodrugs to deliver CO systemically through oral administration. As part of our efforts for the further development of these prodrugs, we are interested in minimizing the potential negative impact of the "carrier" portion of the prodrug. Along this line, we have previously published our work on using benign "carriers" and physically trapping the "carrier" portion in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract...

Thermally conductive pressure sensitive adhesive (PSA) has received a great amount of attention in recent years, but the traditional PSA hardly lose adhesion properties after UV irradiation or heating. Therefore, endowing thermally conductive adhesive with UV-responsive peelability becomes a design strategy. Herein, vinyl-functionalized graphene (AA-GMA-G) is prepared by modifying graphene with acrylic acid and subsequently reacting with glycidyl methacrylate.Then, the UV-curable acrylate copolymer is synthesized by grafting glycidyl methacrylate...

Smart actuators that combine excellent mechanical properties and responsive actuating performance like biological muscles have attracted considerable attention. In this study, a water/humidity responsive actuator, consisting of multi-strand carboxyl methyl cellulose (CMC) fibers with helical structures, was prepared using wet-spinning and twisting methods. The results showed that owing to the multi-strand structure, the actuator consisted of one-, two-, three-, and four-strand helical fibers, thus achieving a combination of high strength (∼27 MPa), high toughness (>10...

The adherends notching technique has been the subject of a few recent studies and consists of tailoring the geometry of the adjoined layers to mitigate the bondline peak stresses and enhance the joint strength. In the present study, we explored the effect of the adherends notching technique on crack propagation using finite element (FE) simulations based on the cohesive zone model (CZM) of fracture. Double cantilever beam (DCB) adhesive joints subjected to quasistatic loading were considered as a model material system...

Autonomic nerves, including the sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves, control the immune system along with their physiological functions. On the peripheral side, the interaction between the splenic sympathetic nerves and immune cells is important for the anti-inflammatory effects. However, the central mechanism underlying these anti-inflammatory effects remains unclear. C1 neurons respond to stressors and subsequently determine the outflow of the autonomic nervous system. We have previously shown that C1 neurons protect against acute kidney injury and found a signaling connection between peripheral vestibular organs and C1 neurons...

Transfersomes (TFS) are the promising carriers for transdermal delivery of various low and high molecular weight drugs, owing to their self-regulating and self-optimizing nature. Herein, we report synthesis and characterization of TFS loaded with meloxicam (MLX), an NSAID, and dexamethasone (DEX), a steroid, for simultaneous transdermal delivery. The different formulations of TFS containing varying amounts of lecithin, Span 80, and Tween 80 (TFS-1 to TFS-6) were successfully prepared by thin-film hydration method...

Here, prostaglandin D2 -glycerol ester (PGD2 -G) was selected to target neuroinflammation. As PGD2 -G is reported to have a short plasmatic half-life, we propose to use lipid nanocapsules (LNC) as vehicle to safely transport PGD2 -G to the central nervous system (CNS). PGD2 -G-loaded LNC (PGD2 -G-LNC) reduced pro-inflammatory cytokine expression in activated microglial cells, even so after crossing a primary olfactory cell monolayer. A single nasal administration of PGD2 -G-LNC in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated mice reduced pro-inflammatory cytokine expression in the olfactory bulb...

The vestibular system is known to participate in controlling posture and metabolism. Different gravitational environments, including microgravity or hypergravity, cause plastic alteration of the vestibular system, and plasticity is important for adaptation to a novel gravitational environment. However, it is unclear whether the degree of change in vestibular-related physiological function depends on gravitational loading. To examine this, we employed a hypergravity environment including 1.33 G, 1.67 G, and 2 G for 29 days...

BACKGROUND: Intraperitoneal (IP) vancomycin is often first-line empiric therapy for peritoneal dialysis (PD) peritonitis; however, whether dosing should be adjusted for patient-specific characteristics remains unclear. We sought to identify factors associated with the day 3 vancomycin serum level in patients receiving vancomycin for PD peritonitis. METHODS: Retrospective single-centre adult cohort of 58 patients with PD peritonitis treated with IP vancomycin between January 2016 and May 2022...

Passive daytime radiation cooling (PDRC) has gained considerable attention as an emerging and promising cooling technology. Polymer-based porous materials are one of the important candidates for PDRC application due to their easy processing, free of inorganic particle doping, and multifunctionality. However, mechanical properties of these porous materials, which are critical in outdoor services, have been overlooked in previous studies. Herein, we developed a nonsolvent-induced phase separation (NIPS) method combined with ambient pressure drying to prepare polyethylene-polysilicate all-polymer porous coatings...

Introduction: Direct, rigid indirect, and nonrigid indirect absolute anchorages using temporary anchorage devices (TADs, mini-implants/miniscrews) can provide promising opportunities for challenging, yet common, orthodontic tooth movements such as molar protraction. Rigid rectangular wire and ligature wire are the most common methods of attaching a tooth to a miniscrew in indirect anchorages. We aimed to provide a comparison of the rigidity of the connecting wire in terms of stress on the miniscrew, the anchorage loss, and the risk of root resorption using finite element analysis (FEA)...

In theory, building automation and management systems (BAMSs) can provide all the components and functionalities required for analyzing and operating buildings. However, in reality, these systems can only ensure the control of heating ventilation and air conditioning system systems. Therefore, many other tasks are left to the operator, e.g. evaluating buildings' performance, detecting abnormal energy consumption, identifying the changes needed to improve efficiency, ensuring the security and privacy of end-users, etc...

This investigation deals with the prediction of mechanical behavior in basalt-fiber-reinforced concrete using the finite element method (FEM). The use of fibers as reinforcement in concrete is a relatively new concept which results in several advantages over steel-reinforced concrete with respect to mechanical performance. Glass and polypropylene (PP) fibers have been extensively used for reinforcing concrete for decades, but basalt fibers have gained popularity in recent years due to their superior mechanical properties and compatibility with concrete...

Lower body negative pressure (LBNP) has been implemented as a tool to simulate systemic effects of hypovolemia, understand orthostatic challenges and study G load stress in humans. However, the exact hemodynamic mechanisms of graded LBNP followed by its abrupt release have not been characterized in detail, limiting its potential applications in humans. Here, we set out to investigate the immediate hemodynamic alterations occurring during LBNP in healthy Landrace pigs. Invasive cardiac monitoring via extensive pressure volume loop analysis was carried out during application of incremental LBNP up to life threatening levels from -15 to -45 mmHg as well as during its abrupt release...

Touch DNA deposited on items can be visualised by using fluorescent nucleic acid staining dyes. It might be expected that if a person contacts items multiple times, then at each contact fewer cells should be transferred and deposited. Here we report on the use of Diamond Dye (DD) to monitor any reduction in cellular deposition during multiple contacts. A volunteer, who was assigned as a heavy shedder, was asked to deposit a thumbprint using both left and right thumbs for 15 s onto separate clean glass slides...

Understanding the causes of microbiome formation and its relationship to environmental conditions is important to properly maintain recirculating aquaculture systems (RASs). Although RAS has been applied to numerous fish types and environmental conditions (e.g., loading intensity), the effects of these environmental conditions (i.e., fish type and loading intensity) on microbiome composition are limitedly known. Therefore, we established three experimental aquarium tanks to explore the effects of fish type, loading intensity, filter pore size, and rearing day on microbiome compositions: (1) a tank for Acanthogobius flavimanus , (2) for Girella punctata , and (3) for G...

A sensitivity analysis for loading conditions and muscle deconditioning on astronaut response for spaceflight transient accelerations was carried out using a mid-size male human body model with active musculature. The model was validated in spaceflight-relevant 2.5-15 g loading magnitudes in seven volunteer tests, showing good biofidelity (CORA: 0.69). Sensitivity analysis was carried out in simulations varying pulse magnitude (5, 10, and 15 g), rise time (32.5 and 120 ms), and direction (10 directions: frontal, rear, vertical, lateral, and their combination) along with muscle size change (± 15% change) and responsiveness (pre-braced, relaxed, vs...