keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38504833/risk-factors-associated-with-acute-sarcopenia-in-patients-hospitalized-with-covid-19
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
D M S Silva, T A Valadão, C Caporosi, J E Aguilar-Nascimento, D B Dock-Nascimento
BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic is an extraordinary global emergency. The pandemic has changed profoundly people's lifestyles. This resulted in reductions in physical activity and changes in dietary intakes that have the potential to accelerate sarcopenia. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the risk factors associated with acute sarcopenia in patients hospitalized with COVID-19. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study conducted from January/2021 to March/2022 in a private hospital in Cuiabá/MT, central region of Brazil...
2024: Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38504654/lessons-for-future-clinical-trials-in-adults-with-becker-muscular-dystrophy-disease-progression-detected-by-muscle-magnetic-resonance-imaging-clinical-and-patient-reported-outcome-measures
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Bram De Wel, Louise Iterbeke, Lotte Huysmans, Ronald Peeters, Veerle Goosens, Nicolas Dubuisson, Peter van den Bergh, Vinciane Van Parijs, Gauthier Remiche, Liesbeth De Waele, Frederik Maes, Patrick Dupont, Kristl G Claeys
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Because Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD) is a heterogeneous disease and only few studies have evaluated adult patients, it is currently still unclear which outcome measures should be used in future clinical trials. METHODS: Muscle magnetic resonance imaging, patient-reported outcome measures and a wide range of clinical outcome measures, including motor function, muscle strength and timed-function tests, were evaluated in 21 adults with BMD at baseline and at 9 and 18 months of follow-up...
March 20, 2024: European Journal of Neurology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38495063/perioperative-opioid-related-harms-opportunities-to-minimize-risk
#23
REVIEW
Dominic Alessio-Bilowus, Alexandra O Luby, Samantha Cooley, Sarah Evilsizer, Elizabeth Seese, Mark Bicket, Jennifer F Waljee
Although substantial attention has been given to opioid prescribing in the United States, opioid-related mortality continues to climb due to the rising incidence and prevalence of opioid use disorder. Perioperative care has an important role in the consideration of opioid prescribing and the care of individuals at risk for poor postoperative pain- and opioid-related outcomes. Opioids are effective for acute pain management and commonly prescribed for postoperative pain. However, failure to align prescribing with patient need can result in overprescribing and exacerbate the flow of unused opioids into communities...
February 2024: Seminars in Plastic Surgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38494894/a-network-analysis-of-digital-clock-drawing-for-command-and-copy-conditions
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Brandon Frank, Sabyasachi Bandyopadhyay, Catherine Dion, Erin Formanski, Emily Matusz, Dana Penney, Randall Davis, Maureen K O'Connor, Rhoda Au, Shawna Amini, Parisa Rashidi, Patrick Tighe, David J Libon, Catherine C Price
Graphomotor and time-based variables from the digital Clock Drawing Test (dCDT) characterize cognitive functions. However, no prior publications have quantified the strength of the associations between digital clock variables as they are produced. We hypothesized that analysis of the production of clock features and their interrelationships, as suggested, will differ between the command and copy test conditions. Older adults aged 65+ completed a digital clock drawing to command and copy conditions. Using a Bayesian hill-climbing algorithm and bootstrapping (10,000 samples), we derived directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) to examine network structure for command and copy dCDT variables...
March 18, 2024: Assessment
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38492880/etomidate-enhances-cerebellar-cf-pc-synaptic-plasticity-through-cb1-receptor-pka-cascade-in-vitro-in-mice
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Guang-Gao Li, Ying-Han Xu, Ming-Ze Sun, Yan-Hua Bing, Wen-Zhe Jin, De-Lai Qiu
Etomidate (ET) is a widely used intravenous imidazole general anesthetic, which depresses the cerebellar neuronal activity by modulating various receptors activity and synaptic transmission. In this study, we investigated the effects of ET on the cerebellar climbing fiber-Purkinje cells (CF-PC) plasticity in vitro in mice using whole-cell recording technique and pharmacological methods. Our results demonstrated that CF tetanic stimulation produced a mGluR1-dependent long-term depression (LTD) of CF-PC excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSCs), which was enhanced by bath application of ET (10 µM)...
March 15, 2024: Neuroscience Letters
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38491723/minimal-power-required-to-ascend-a-flight-of-stairs-versus-actual-power-measured-with-body-fixed-sensors-in-adults-aged-19-85%C3%A2-years
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lien Meulemans, Jan Seghers, Annabel Hoorelbeke, Tinne Van Dijck, Christophe Delecluse, Evelien Van Roie
A good stair-climbing (SC) ability is crucial for independent living in older adults. A simple formula that estimates the mean power needed to ascend a flight of stairs in a predetermined time (i.e., total ascent duration) is easy to implement in practice, but lacks information on actual power values generated per step. The latter is possible with body-fixed sensors. This study aimed at comparing both methodologies and investigating their sensitivity to detect age-related differences. 318 participants (162 ♀; age 19-85 years) were tested on a 6-step staircase and two methodologies were used to estimate mean SC power: (1) a body-fixed sensor with automated detection of power production per step, and (2) a mathematic equation based on timed ascent duration, body mass and stair height...
March 2024: Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38491683/experimental-study-on-the-full-cycle-evolution-of-high-intensity-atmospheric-dc-arc-discharge-from-breakdown-to-extinguishment
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ya-Hao Hu, Su-Rong Sun, Xian Meng, He-Ji Huang, Hai-Xing Wang
In this study, the spatiotemporal evolution of full cycle of high-intensity dc argon arc discharge at atmospheric pressure is investigated by using a transferred arc device, which is easy to be directly observed in the experiment. Combining the voltage and current waveforms with high-speed images, the full cycle evolution process of high-intensity atmospheric dc arc can be divided into five different stages: breakdown pulse stage, cathode heating stage, current climbing stage, stable arc discharge stage, and finally arc extinguishing stage...
February 2024: Physical Review. E
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38489406/effect-of-cardiorespiratory-fitness-level-on-physiological-responses-and-task-performance-during-a-high-rise-firefighting-task
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Richard Daniel Mark Stevenson, Joseph Warwick, James Lee John Bilzon
OBJECTIVES: To determine the impact of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) on physiological and performance outcomes during a 120-m vertical high-rise ascent in firefighters with CRF levels at or above (higher-fit (HF)) and below (lower-fit (LF)) the national recommended minimum physical employment standard (O2max 42.3 ml·kg-1·min-1). METHODS: Twenty-eight firefighters completed two high-rise firefighting trials (continuous and discontinuous ascent with pre-determined 1-min rest breaks)...
March 14, 2024: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38486801/diverging-death-risks-mortality-as-a-corollary-of-economic-social-cultural-and-person-capital
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yuwei Qi, Sijmen A Reijneveld, Josué Almansa, Sandra Brouwer, J Cok Vrooman
INTRODUCTION: Diverging death risks are associated with a wide range of social factors, including not only education and income but also other economic and non-economic resources. The aim of this study was to assess the association of mortality risks with four types of resources: economic, social, cultural and person capital. METHODS: We used data of 2,952 participants from the Disparities in the Netherlands survey and annual mortality data from Statistics Netherlands for the period 2014 to 2021...
March 2024: SSM—Population Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38485874/values-and-national-identification-in-minority-and-majority-youth-longitudinal-multi-study-findings
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Maya Benish-Weisman, Ella Daniel, Einat Elizarov, Noga Sverdlik, Peter F Titzmann
Collective identification is vital for adolescents, fostering well-being and connection, but scant attention has been given to drivers of national identification and their contextual variations in youth. To address this, two longitudinal studies examined how values, as guiding goals defining what individuals consider important in their lives, relate to the trajectory of national identification in majority and minority youth. Study 1 (N = 568; Mage  = 16.24, SD = 0.71) and Study 2 (N = 678; Mage  = 13...
March 14, 2024: Journal of Youth and Adolescence
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38483209/hip-osteoarthritis-and-occupational-mechanical-exposures-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alexander Jahn, Johan Hviid Andersen, Andreas Seidler, David Høyrup Christiansen, Annett Dalbøge
OBJECTIVES: The aim was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis investigating the association between occupational mechanical exposures and hip osteoarthritis. METHODS: The study was registered in PROSPERO. A systematic literature search was conducted in six databases to identify relevant articles. Two authors independently excluded articles, extracted data, assessed the risk of bias of each included article, and graded the level of evidence. We conducted a meta-analysis using random-effects model and performed a sensitivity analysis stratifying articles based on the risk of bias assessment, study design, and the outcome measurement...
March 14, 2024: Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38482586/analysis-of-chronic-kidney-disease-epidemiology-in-kazakhstan-using-nationwide-data-for-2014-2020-and-forecasting-future-trends-of-prevalence-and-mortality-for-2030
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gulnur Zhakhina, Kamilla Mussina, Sauran Yerdessov, Arnur Gusmanov, Yesbolat Sakko, Valdemir Kim, Dmitriy Syssoyev, Meruyert Madikenova, Ainur Assan, Zhanat Kuanshaliyeva, Duman Turebekov, Kuanysh Yergaliyev, Bolat Bekishev, Abduzhappar Gaipov
According to the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study, chronic kidney disease (CKD) was prevalent in 697.5 million individuals worldwide in 2017. By 2040, it is anticipated that CKD will rank as the fifth most common cause of death. This study aims to examine the epidemiology of CKD in Kazakhstan and to project future trends in CKD prevalence and mortality by 2030. The retrospective analysis was performed on a database acquired from the Unified National Electronic Health System for 703,122 patients with CKD between 2014 and 2020...
December 2024: Renal Failure
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38482179/lithium-ion-battery-power-performance-assessment-for-the-climb-step-of-an-electric-vertical-takeoff-and-landing-evtol-application
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Marm Dixit, Anuj Bisht, Rachid Essehli, Ruhul Amin, Chol-Bum M Kweon, Ilias Belharouak
High power is a critical requirement of lithium-ion batteries designed to satisfy the load profiles of advanced air mobility. Here, we simulate the initial takeoff step of electric vertical takeoff and landing (eVTOL) vehicles powered by a lithium-ion battery that is subjected to an intense 15 C discharge pulse at the beginning of the discharge cycle followed by a subsequent low-rate discharge. We conducted extensive electrochemical testing to assess the long-term stability of a lithium-ion battery under these high-strain conditions...
March 8, 2024: ACS Energy Letters
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38481327/median-quartet-tree-search-algorithms-using-optimal-subtree-prune-and-regraft
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shayesteh Arasti, Siavash Mirarab
Gene trees can be different from the species tree due to biological processes and inference errors. One way to obtain a species tree is to find one that maximizes some measure of similarity to a set of gene trees. The number of shared quartets between a potential species tree and gene trees provides a statistically justifiable score; if maximized properly, it could result in a statistically consistent estimator of the species tree under several statistical models of discordance. However, finding the median quartet score tree, one that maximizes this score, is NP-Hard, motivating several existing heuristic algorithms...
March 13, 2024: Algorithms for Molecular Biology: AMB
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38481042/dual-treatment-with-kynurenine-pathway-inhibitors-and-nad-precursors-synergistically-extends-life-span-in-drosophila
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mariann M Gabrawy, Reyhan Westbrook, Austin King, Nick Khosravian, Neeraj Ochaney, Tagide DeCarvalho, Qinchuan Wang, Yuqiong Yu, Qiao Huang, Adam Said, Michael Abadir, Cissy Zhang, Pratik Khare, Jennifer E Fairman, Anne Le, Ginger L Milne, Fernando J Vonhoff, Jeremy D Walston, Peter M Abadir
Tryptophan catabolism is highly conserved and generates important bioactive metabolites, including kynurenines, and in some animals, NAD+ . Aging and inflammation are associated with increased levels of kynurenine pathway (KP) metabolites and depleted NAD+ , factors which are implicated as contributors to frailty and morbidity. Contrastingly, KP suppression and NAD+ supplementation are associated with increased life span in some animals. Here, we used DGRP_229 Drosophila to elucidate the effects of KP elevation, KP suppression, and NAD+ supplementation on physical performance and survivorship...
March 13, 2024: Aging Cell
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38479913/sarcopenia-assessed-using-a-questionnaire-can-predict-in-hospital-mortality-in-older-patients-with-pulmonary-tuberculosis
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Masayoshi Kakiuchi, Tatsuro Inoue, Hikaru Kobayashi, Aoi Ebina, Gen Nakano, Tetsuya Kakehi, Toshiaki Tanaka, Masamitsu Nishihara
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Pulmonary tuberculosis is a severe disease with a high mortality rate. However, whether sarcopenia is a risk factor for in-hospital mortality remains unclear. The SARC-F (five items: strength, assistance in walking, rising from a chair, climbing stairs, and falls) is a questionnaire developed to screen for sarcopenia. This study aimed to determine whether the high risk of sarcopenia, assessed using the SARC-F questionnaire, affects in-hospital mortality in older patients with pulmonary tuberculosis...
April 2024: Clinical Nutrition ESPEN
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38479182/tetramethylpyrazine-nitrone-alleviates-d-galactose-induced-murine-skeletal-muscle-aging-and-motor-deficits-by-activating-the-ampk-signaling-pathway
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lulin Nie, Kaiwu He, Chaoming Qiu, Qing Li, Bocheng Xiong, Chuanyue Gao, Xiufen Zhang, Mei Jing, Wei Wu, Jianjun Liu, Gaoxiao Zhang, Zaijun Zhang, Xifei Yang, Yewei Sun, Yuqiang Wang
Tetramethylpyrazine nitrone (TBN), a novel derivative of tetramethylpyrazine (TMP) designed and synthesized by our group, possesses multi-functional mechanisms of action and displays broad protective effects in vitro and in animal models of age-related brain disorders such as stroke, Alzheimer's disease (AD), Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) and Parkinson's disease (PD). In the present report, we investigated the effects of TBN on aging, specifically on muscle aging and the associated decline of motor functions...
March 12, 2024: Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38478593/paroxysmal-dystonia-results-from-the-loss-of-rim4-in-purkinje-cells
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hyuntae Kim, Nesrine Melliti, Eva Breithausen, Katrin Michel, Sara Ferrando Colomer, Ekaterina Poguzhelskaya, Paulina Nemcova, Laura Ewell, Sandra Blaess, Albert Becker, Julika Pitsch, Dirk Dietrich, Susanne Schoch
Full-length RIM1 and 2 are key components of the presynaptic active zone that ubiquitously control excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitter release. Here, we report that the function of the small RIM isoform RIM4, consisting of a single C2 domain, is strikingly different from that of the long isoforms. RIM4 is dispensable for neurotransmitter release but plays a postsynaptic, cell-type specific role in cerebellar Purkinje cells that is essential for normal motor function. In the absence of RIM4, Purkinje cell intrinsic firing is reduced and caffeine-sensitive, and dendritic integration of climbing fibre input is disturbed...
March 13, 2024: Brain
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38478592/anymal-parkour-learning-agile-navigation-for-quadrupedal-robots
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
David Hoeller, Nikita Rudin, Dhionis Sako, Marco Hutter
Performing agile navigation with four-legged robots is a challenging task because of the highly dynamic motions, contacts with various parts of the robot, and the limited field of view of the perception sensors. Here, we propose a fully learned approach to training such robots and conquer scenarios that are reminiscent of parkour challenges. The method involves training advanced locomotion skills for several types of obstacles, such as walking, jumping, climbing, and crouching, and then using a high-level policy to select and control those skills across the terrain...
March 13, 2024: Science Robotics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38478050/relationship-of-device-measured-physical-activity-type-and-posture-with-cardiometabolic-health-markers-pooled-dose-response-associations-from-the-prospective-physical-activity-sitting-and-sleep-consortium
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Matthew N Ahmadi, Joanna M Blodgett, Andrew J Atkin, Hsiu-Wen Chan, Borja Del Pozo Cruz, Kristin Suorsa, Esmee A Bakker, Richard M Pulsford, Gregore I Mielke, Peter J Johansson, Pasan Hettiarachchi, Dick H J Thijssen, Sari Stenholm, Gita D Mishra, Armando Teixeira-Pinot, Vegar Rangul, Lauren B Sherar, Ulf Ekelund, Alun D Hughes, I-Min Lee, Andreas Holtermann, Annemarie Koster, Mark Hamer, Emmanuel Stamatakis
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: The aim of this study was to examine the dose-response associations of device-measured physical activity types and postures (sitting and standing time) with cardiometabolic health. METHODS: We conducted an individual participant harmonised meta-analysis of 12,095 adults (mean ± SD age 54.5±9.6 years; female participants 54.8%) from six cohorts with thigh-worn accelerometry data from the Prospective Physical Activity, Sitting and Sleep (ProPASS) Consortium...
March 13, 2024: Diabetologia
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