dnb

An in situ integrated system, consisting of ecological floating islands (EFI), ecological riverbeds (ER), and ecological filter dams (EFD), was built in a ditch only receiving the effluent of sewage plant; the effect of in situ technologies on the distribution of aquatic pathogen was investigated. The results showed the aquatic pathogen decreased along the ditch. Specifically, the relative abundance of Legionella, Aeromonas, and Acinetobacter decreased from 0.032, 0.035, and 0.26 to 0.026%, 0.012%, and 0.08%, respectively...

In the exploration of chiral solvating agents (CSAs) for nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy designed for the chiral analysis of amino acid derivatives, notable advancements have been made with thiourea-CSAs. 1-TU , derived from 2-[(1 R )-1-aminoethyl]phenol and benzoyl isothiocyanate, is effective in the enantiodifferentiation of N -3,5-dinitrobenzoyl ( N -DNB) amino acids. In order to broaden the application of 1-TU for configurational assignment, enantiomerically enriched N -DNB amino acids were analyzed via NMR...

Serine-proline (Ser-Pro) backbone-modified dipeptide analogues are powerful tools to investigate the role of cis-trans isomerization in the regulation of the cell cycle and transcription. These studies have previously been limited to synthetic peptides, whose synthesis is a challenge for larger peptides due to the compounding yield loss incurred in each step. We now introduce a method for the aminoacylation of tRNA with dipeptides and dipeptide analogs to permit the installation of cis- and trans-locked Ser-Pro analogues into full-length proteins...

In the development of Type 1 diabetes (T1D), there are critical states just before drastic changes, and identifying these pre-disease states may predict T1D or provide crucial early-warning signals. Unlike gene expression data, gut microbiome data can be collected noninvasively from stool samples. Gut microbiome sequencing data contain different levels of phylogenetic information that can be utilized to detect the tipping point or critical state in a reliable manner, thereby providing accurate and effective early-warning signals...

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to retrospectively investigate the epidemiology and molecular characteristics of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) isolates from neonatal intensive care units (NICU) between 2017 and 2021. METHODS: The antibacterial susceptibility of all strains was assessed using the VITEK 2 compact system. The presence of antibiotic resistance, virulence genes, sequence types (STs), capsular (K) types, and the wzi genes was determined through polymerase chain reaction (PCR)...

Identifying the precise moment before the onset of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains a significant challenge in the medical field. The existing biomarkers fall short of pinpointing the critical point preceding HCC formation. This study aimed to determine the exact tipping point for the transition from cirrhosis to HCC, identify the core Dynamic Network Biomarker (DNB), and elucidate its regulatory effects on HCC. A spontaneous HCC mouse model was established to mimic HCC formation in patients with chronic hepatitis...

INTRODUCTION: Economic loss estimation is critical for policymakers to craft policies that balance economic and health concerns during pandemic emergencies. However, this task is time-consuming and resource-intensive, posing challenges during emergencies. METHOD: To address this, we proposed using electricity consumption (EC) and nighttime lights (NTL) datasets to estimate the total, commercial, and industrial economic losses from COVID-19 lockdowns in the Philippines...

The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends the requirement of human resource for health (HRH) stands at 44.5 skilled health workers per 10,000 population. WHO recognizes India as one of the countries which has HRH crisis. Karnataka, a southern state in India, has the highest number of medical colleges yet faces the shortage of specialists in the public hospitals. We conducted desk review to understand the HRH crisis, particularly the medical specialists in India. Simultaneously, we conducted secondary research to explore the initiatives taken by the Government of Karnataka (GoK) to mitigate the shortage of medical specialists in the rural areas...

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignant tumors and is a serious threat to human health; thus, early diagnosis and adequate treatment are essential. However, there are still great challenges in identifying the tipping point and detecting early warning signals of early HCC. In this study, we aimed to identify the tipping point (critical state) of and key molecules involved in hepatocarcinogenesis based on time series transcriptome expression data of HCC patients. The phase from veHCC (very early HCC) to eHCC (early HCC) was identified as the critical state in HCC progression, with 143 genes identified as key candidate molecules by combining the DDRTree (dimensionality reduction via graph structure learning) and DNB (dynamic network biomarker) methods...

Organic matter concentration is a critical factor influencing the adaptability of anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) bacteria to low-strength sewage treatment. To address this challenge and achieve stable anammox activity, a micro-aeration partial nitrification-anammox process was developed for continuous-flow municipal sewage treatment. Under limited ammonium conditions, the effective utilization of organics in denitrification promoted the stable accumulation of nitrite and enhanced anammox activity. This, in turn, led to enhanced nitrogen removal efficiency, reaching approximately 87...

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a cancer of plasma cells. Normal (NL) cells are considered to pass through a precancerous state, such as monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS), before transitioning to MM. In the present study, we acquired Raman spectra at three stages-834 NL, 711 MGUS, and 970 MM spectra-and applied the dynamical network biomarker (DNB) theory to these spectra. The DNB analysis identified MGUS as the unstable pre-disease state of MM and extracted Raman shifts at 1149 and 1527-1530 cm-1 as DNB variables...

A denitrifying bacteria, which we named Chelatococcus DNB-15, was screened and isolated from the Shengli Oilfield polymer-containing wastewater. The strain was characterized by 16S rDNA analysis and the effects of nutrient substrate type, pH, mineralization and temperature on the activity of the strain were also investigated. The strain was identified as Chelatococcus , of which the most efficient carbon source is sodium citrate, the most suitable nitrogen source is potassium nitrate, the suitable temperature for growth is 35～45 °C, the suitable pH range for growth is 7...

The partial nitrification-anammox process for ammonia nitrogen wastewater treatment requires mechanical aeration to provide oxygen, which is not conducive to energy saving. The microalgae-bacteria symbiotic system (MaBS) has the advantages of low carbon and energy saving in wastewater biological nitrogen removal. Therefore, this study combined the MaBS with an anammox process to provide oxygen, through the photosynthesis of microalgae instead of mechanical aeration. We investigated the nitrogen removal efficiency and long-term operation of a co-culture system comprising microalgae, nitrifying bacteria (NB), denitrifying bacteria (DnB), and anaerobic ammonium-oxidation bacteria (AnAOB) in a sequencing batch reactor without mechanical aeration...

Complex biological systems often undergo sudden qualitative changes during their dynamic evolution. These critical transitions are typically characterized by a catastrophic progression of the system. Identifying the critical point is critical to uncovering the underlying mechanisms of complex biological systems. However, the system may exhibit minimal changes in its state until the critical point is reached, and in the face of high throughput and strong noise data, traditional biomarkers may not be effective in distinguishing the critical state...

Porcine body length is closely related to meat production, growth, and reproductive performance, thus playing a key role in the profitability of the pork industry. Cartilage development is critical to longitudinal elongation of individual vertebrae. This study isolated primary porcine vertebral chondrocytes (PVCs) to clarify the complex mechanisms of elongation. We used transcriptome and target energy metabolome technologies to confirm crucial genes and metabolites in primary PVCs at different differentiation stages (0, 4, 8, and 12 days)...

The Illumina HiSeq platform has been a commonly used option for bacterial genome sequencing. Now the BGI DNA nanoball (DNB) nanoarrays platform may provide an alternative platform for sequencing of bacterial genomes. To explore the impact of sequencing platforms on bacterial genome assembly, quality assessment, sequence alignment, functional annotation, mutation detection, and metagenome mapping, we compared genome assemblies based on sequencing of cultured bacterial species using the HiSeq 2000 and BGISEQ-500 platforms...

Nitric oxide (NO) has been suggested as an obligate intermediate in anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox), nitrification and denitrification. At the same time, ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and denitrifying bacteria (DNB) are always existed in anammox flora, so what is the role of NO produced from AOB and DNB? Could it accelerate nitrogen removal via the anammox pathway with NO as an electron acceptor? To investigate this hypothesis, nitrogen transforming of an anammox biofilter was analyzed, functional gene expression of anammox bacteria (AnAOB), AOB and DNB were compared, and NO source was verified...

To solve the shortage of inoculum, the feasibility of establishing simultaneous partial nitrification, anammox, and denitrification (SNAD) reactor through inoculating nitrification-denitrification sludge, anammox biofilm and blank carriers was investigated. Advanced nitrogen removal efficiency of 91.2 ± 3.6 % was achieved. Bacteria related to nitrogen removal and fermentation were enriched in anammox biofilm, blank carriers and flocs, and the abundance of dominant anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AnAOB), Candidatus Brocadia, reached 3...

BACKGROUND: Humans have been moving from rural to urban environments for decades. This process may have important consequences for our health and well-being. Most previous studies have focused on visual input, and the auditory domain has been understudied so far. Therefore, we set out to investigate the influence of exposure to natural vs urban soundscapes on brain activity and behavior. METHODS: Resting-state fMRI data was acquired while participants (N = 35) listened to natural and urban soundscapes...

The solar-powered oxidation ditch-membrane bioreactors (SOD-MBR) system was developed and operated with long solid retention times (SRTs) of 80 and 160 days. The aim was to investigate the effects of using a long SRT and antibiotics in building wastewater on the stability of nutrient removal, as well as membrane fouling. An increase in the SRT from 80 days to 160 days did not significantly affect the performance of the SOD-MBR system. Ciprofloxacin and Sulfamethoxazole removal efficiencies were 94.47 ± 1...