Multiresistence

This study explores the potential of propolis from Melipona rufiventris species. With its composition encompassing resin, wax, pollen, and soil, propolis holds historical significance in traditional medicine within tropical regions. This research is driven by the scarcity of information surrounding M. rufiventris propolis, prompting an investigation into its chemical constituents, in vivo toxicity, and antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. This exploration could potentially uncover novel applications for this natural product, bolstering both meliponiculture practices and the preservation of native bee populations...

To evaluate the antibacterial, antibiofilm and antivirulence potential of the main diterpenes from Copaifera spp. oleoresins against multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria. Antimicrobial assays included determination of the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC), Minimum Inhibitory Concentration of Biofilm (MICB50 ), as well as synergistic and antivirulence assays for eight diterpenes against MDR. The tests revealed that two diterpenes (named 1 and 5) showed the best results, with MIC and MBC between 12...

BACKGROUND: Infections by glucose-nonfermenting gram-negative bacilli (NFGNB) pose a major public health problem due to multiresistance to beta-lactam antibiotics, especially plasmid-borne carbapenemases. Their detection by microbiology laboratories is challenging, and there is a need for easy-to-use and reliable diagnostic techniques. Our objective was to evaluate an in-house screening method to presumptively detect carbapenemases in NFGNB in a simple and clinically useful manner. METHODS: The study included 175 NFGNB isolates from urinary, respiratory, and rectal samples...

BACKGROUND: Honey exhibits a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) ones. Chitosan (Cs) is a mucoadhesive polymer that also has antibacterial properties. Special attention has been paid to the design of polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) as new nano drug delivery systems to overcome bacterial resistance and its problems. OBJECTIVES: The aim of the present study is to synthesize Cs-meropenem NPs with/without honey as an antibiofilm and antibacterial agent to inhibit Staphylococcus aureus...

Bacterial multiresistance to drugs is a rapidly growing global phenomenon. New resistance mechanisms have been described in different bacterial pathogens, threatening the effective treatment of even common infectious diseases. The problem worsens in infections associated with biofilms because, in addition to the pathogen's multiresistance, the biofilm provides a barrier that prevents antimicrobial access. Several "non-antibiotic" drugs have antimicrobial activity, even though it is not their primary therapeutic purpose...

Colistin resistance is a global health concern, with antibiotics being the last treatment for Gram-negative bacteria infections. We aimed to identify colistin-resistant enterobacteria on environmental surfaces of a long-term care facility (LTCF) for the elderly in southern Brazil. Samples were collected and screened on MacConkey agar plus colistin, followed by API20E identification and PCR. Two isolates were founded and identified as Klebsiella pneumoniae and Providencia stuartii harboring mcr-1 gene with MICs > 128 µg mL-1 for colistin...

INTRODUCTION: Haemophilus influenzae ( Hi ) was long known as an easy-to-treat bacterium, but increasing resistance against beta-lactams and other critically important antibiotics is now a growing concern. We describe here the whole-genome sequencing (WGS) analysis of three non-typeable Hi isolates received in 2018-2019 by the Belgian National Reference Centre (NRC) for Haemophilus influenzae , as they presented an unusual multi-resistant profile. METHODS: All three isolates were sequenced by WGS and mapped to the reference isolate Hi Rd KW20...

In ICU settings, screening patients upon admission for potential multiresistant bacteria (BMR) carriers is crucial. Traditionally, clinical decisions relied on delayed culture results, but a rapid PCR molecular test called RealCycler-Rezero-U/G (Progenie-molecular©), emerged as an alternative. This study aimed to validate its effectiveness in detecting gram-negative BMR in rectal swabs at ICU admission. Over 24 months, an observational study was conducted on 1,234 admitted patients, with 217 meeting isolation criteria and undergoing both PCR and culture tests...

Different antibiotics are used to treat mastitis in dairy cows that is caused by Escherichia coli (E. coli). Antimicrobial resistance in food-producing animals in China has been monitored since 2000. Surveillance data have shown that the prevalence of multiresistant E. coli in animals has increased significantly. This study aimed to investigate the occurrence and molecular characteristics of resistance determinants in E. coli strains ( n  = 105) obtained from lactating cows with clinical bovine mastitis (CBM) in China...

The study investigated the characteristics of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolated in Santa Catarina. Findings revealed prevalent SCCmecII and IV, multiresistance, Leucocidin ED genes, and one ST105 isolate. The results indicated that the in-state MRSA isolates showed the same characteristics as the out-of-state isolates among the investigated features.

BACKGROUND: Candidiasis is the common name for diseases caused by yeast of the genus Candida . Candida albicans is one of the most implicated species in superficial and invasive candidiasis. Antifungals, polyenes, and azoles have been used to treat candidiasis. However, due to the development of antifungal resistance, research of natural substances with potential antifungal effects at low concentrations or combined is also a possibility. METHODS: The broth microdilution method was used to evaluate the antifungal activity...

BACKGROUND: In Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, a region with a subtropical climate, Rhipicephalus microplus is present in taurine cattle raised for beef and milk. In addition, ticks resistant to multiple acaricides are present in this region. Recently, fluralaner (isoxazoline) was launched on the market. Thus, there is a need to evaluate the effects of fluralaner for the control of R. microplus on taurine cattle. In addition, occurrence of myiasis by Cochliomyia hominivorax larvae after tick parasitism and weight gain of cattle during the experimental period were evaluated...

The emergence of convergent Klebsiella pneumoniae strains showing multiresistance, characteristic of nosocomial pathotypes and hypervirulent traits typical of community-acquired isolates, makes them important models for studying K. pneumoniae pathogenesis. Here, we describe the convergent, multidrug-resistant KLEB-33 strain harboring several hypervirulence genes and make its genome available to the scientific community.

Phage treatment has regained attention due to an increase in multiresistant bacteria. For phage therapy to be successful, phages must reach their target bacteria in sufficiently high numbers. Blood-borne phages are believed to be captured by macrophages in the liver and spleen. Since liver sinusoids also consist of specialized scavenger liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) and Kupffer cells (KCs), this study investigated the contribution of both cell types in the elimination of Escherichia coli phage K1Fg10b::gfp (K1Fgfp ) in mice...

Filamentous fungi frequently colonize the airways of patients with cystic fibrosis and may cause severe diseases, such as the allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis. The most common filamentous fungi capable to chronically colonize the respiratory tract of the patients are Aspergillus fumigatus and Scedosporium species. Defining the treatment strategy may be challenging, the number of available drugs being limited and some of the causative agents being multiresistant microorganisms. The knowledge of the fungal niches in the outdoor and indoor environment is needed for understanding the origin of the contamination of the patients...

Cancer is a complex disease characterized by several alterations, which confer, to the cells, the capacity to proliferate uncontrollably and to resist cellular death. Multiresistance to conventional chemotherapy drugs is often the cause of treatment failure; thus, the search for natural products or their derivatives with therapeutic action is essential. Chiral derivatives of xanthones (CDXs) have shown potential inhibitory activity against the growth of some human tumor cell lines. This work reports the screening of a library of CDXs, through viability assays, in different cancer cell lines: A375-C5, MCF-7, NCI-H460, and HCT-15...

Carbapenems are considered to be among the last line antibiotics against extended-spectrum β-lactamase producing Enterobacterales. Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) has been frequently reported and its spread in Europe is indisputable and poses an enormous threat to hospitalized patients which is of growing concern. This review aims to record prevalence of CRKP in the Balkan region and to review the current knowledge about this life-threatening pathogen. In this review, we summarize data about clinical isolates of carbapenem-resistant K...

Human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2)-positive breast cancer with lung metastases resistant to targeted agents is a common therapeutic challenge. Absence of preclinical lung metastasis models that are resistant to multiple anti-HER2 targeted drugs hampers the development of novel therapies. We established a novel HER2-positive breast cancer cell line (L-JIMT-1) with a high propensity to form lung metastases from the parenteral JIMT-1 cell line by injecting JIMT-1 cells into immunodeficient SCID mice. Lung metastases developed in all mice injected with L-JIMT-1 cells, and more rapidly and in greater numbers compared with the parental JIMT-1 cells...

PURPOSE: To describe a puzzling case of endophthalmitis caused by three unusual bacteria after intravitreal injection, its outcome, and underlying questions. FINDINGS: A 70-year-old female patient was diagnosed with acute endophthalmitis following intravitreal aflibercept injection for age-related macular degeneration. A standard tap and inject procedure was performed. Microbiological analyses on the anterior chamber and vitreous samples yielded the presence of three non-fermenting Gram-negative rods: Pseudomonas stutzeri, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, and Ochrobactrum anthropi...

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