hyperemesis pregnancy

BACKGROUND: Pregnancy-related acute kidney injury (Pr-AKI) is associated with significant maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality, with a three- to four-fold increase in perinatal mortality. Pr-AKI can arise from various obstetric complications, such as hyperemesis gravidarum, septic abortion, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, pyelonephritis, and antiphospholipid antibody syndrome. Therefore, early diagnosis and appropriate intervention, including the identification of the underlying etiology, are important to effectively manage Pr-AKI...

UNLABELLED: Osmotic demyelination syndrome (ODS) is a disorder characterised by the widespread development of demyelination in both pontine and extrapontine regions. It has been recognised as a complication arising from the rapid correction of hyponatraemia. This study presents the case of a 20-year-old Thai female patient at 10 weeks gestation, exhibiting an initial presentation of catatonia - an uncommon manifestation of ODS. The patient developed symptoms following the rapid correction of hyponatraemia in the context of hyperemesis gravidarum...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

BACKGROUND: Suicide is a global issue. It is the third responsible for death among the reproductive age group. Pregnancy is a complicated event and crucial in the life of a woman with considerable physiological, hormonal changes, social, and mental changes. However, third-world countries like Ethiopia have not been investigated well. Therefore, the study planned to assess the magnitude and factors associated with suicidal ideation. Furthermore, it will identify the role of hyperemesis gravidarum on suicidal ideation...

Hyperemesis gravidarum is the most common condition requiring hospital care for women during the first 20 weeks of pregnancy and may lead to malnutrition, dehydration, and vitamin deficiencies. Depletion of vitamins such as thiamine may result in the development of Wernicke encephalopathy, a severe neurological disorder that can increase the risk for mortality and morbidity for the mother and fetus. A lack of awareness regarding the relationship of hyperemesis gravidarum and Wernicke encephalopathy may result in delayed treatment and disease management...

Heterotopic pregnancy, defined by the simultaneous existence of intrauterine and ectopic pregnancy, is a rare pathological condition. In women undergoing assisted reproduction techniques, the frequency is higher. The possibility of the simultaneous existence of an ectopic pregnancy, when the certainty of an endometrial pregnancy has been assured, should always be considered with special care. The case of a patient with heterotopic pregnancy with assisted conception and the only symptom being nausea and vomiting is presented...

Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease (KFD) is rare during pregnancy. It is characterized by necrotizing lymphadenitis and often occurs in young Asian women. We report a case of KFD during pregnancy, which was difficult to diagnose. A 37-year-old pregnant female (gestational week [GW] 7+5 ) was admitted to our hospital because of hyperemesis gravidarum. On the eighth day of hospitalization (GW 8+6 ), she suddenly developed a fever (38.0°C) with skin rash and posterior pharynx redness. Blood tests showed pancytopenia and abnormal liver function...

BACKGROUND: Nausea and vomiting during pregnancy (NVP) and hyperemesis gravidarum (HG), common conditions affecting most pregnant women, are highly heritable and associated with maternal and fetal morbidity. However, the pathologies underlying NVP and HG and their associated loci are scarce. METHODS: We performed genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of NVP in pregnant women (n = 23,040) who participated in the Tohoku Medical Megabank Project Birth and Three-Generation Cohort Study in Japan from July 2013 to March 2017...

Unless otherwise demonstrated, seizures during pregnancy that happen after 20 weeks of gestation are typically caused by eclampsia. In our clinical case we report the diagnostic challenge of Wernicke's encephalopathy occurring at 34 weeks and mimicking an eclamptic attack. This is about a 30-year-old female patient who suffers from hyperemesis gravidarum during her pregnancy. she has no known history of epilepsy .The patient was brought to the emergency room by medical transport at 34 weeks of gestation due to a seizure at home...

Fluctuations in olfactory sensitivity are widely known to occur during pregnancy and may be responsible for hyperemesis gravidarum. These changes are thought to be caused by structural and functional alterations in neurons in response to marked changes of the hormonal milieu. In this study, we examined changes in neurons in the olfactory cortex during pregnancy and after delivery in rats. Dendritic spine densities were measured in the piriform cortex (PIR) and posterolateral cortical amygdala (COApl), which are involved in olfaction...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate oral rehydration therapy (ORT) compared with intravenous rehydration therapy (IVT) in the early inpatient management of hyperemesis gravidarum (HG). METHODS: A total of 124 women hospitalized for HG from February 10, 2021 till January 6, 2023 were randomized to ORT (n = 61) or IVT (n = 63) for an initial 12 h. Inclusion criteria includes women older than 18 years, with a viable intrauterine pregnancy less than 14 weeks at their first hospitalization for HG with ketonuria of at least 2+...

A hydatidiform mole (HM), often known as molar pregnancy, is a type of prenatal trophoblastic illness that develops in the placenta and has the potential to spread. HMs are caused by genetic issues with either the egg or the sperm. They are typically discovered in the first trimester of pregnancy. Abnormal bleeding is one of the initial symptoms, which can seldom be accompanied by the passage of hydropic villi. Theca lutein cysts, absent fetal heart tones, enlarged uterus more than anticipated for gestational age, pregnancy-induced hypertension in the first trimester, hyperemesis, and increased levels of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) for gestational dates are other characteristic symptoms and signs...

OBJECTIVE: To determine the etiologies and outcomes of liver disease in pregnancy in a developing country. METHOD: A total of 336 consecutive pregnant women with liver disease were included in this prospective cohort study conducted at the Department of Gastroenterology, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center, Karachi from August 2019 to August 2021. Patients' baseline demographic, clinical, and laboratory data and outcomes were collected on a pre-designed questionnaire...

Wernicke Encephalopathy (WE) is a neurological acute syndrome related to vitamin B1 deficiency and is relatively common in patients with chronic alcoholism. In the case of Hyperemesis Gravidarum, thiamine body stores become unable to meet the increased demand, resulting in acute deficiency. WE is associated with typical clinical and radiological findings. Treatment pathways rely on thiamine replacement. The case herein reported is centered around a 33-year-old diabetic patient at 12 weeks of gestation, with WE due to hyperemesis gravidarum...

BACKGROUND: Hyperemesis gravidarum (HG) is a severe form of pregnancy-related nausea and vomiting affecting 0.3-2.3% of pregnancies, which can lead to fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base imbalances, nutritional deficiencies, and weight loss, and is usually severe enough to require hospitalization. Abnormally elevated urinary ketones are commonly seen in patients with HG, and ketone bodies are free to pass through the placenta, and maternal hyperketonemia, with or without acidosis, is associated with an increased rate of stillbirth, an increased incidence of congenital anomalies, and impaired neurophysiologic development of the infant...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

BACKGROUND: Gallstone disease in pregnancy is one of the most common indications for nonobstetrical surgery during pregnancy. National-level data on contemporary surgical practice and outcomes are limited. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients undergoing cholecystectomy during pregnancy. STUDY DESIGN: This cross-sectional study examined the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project's 2 nationwide databases in the United States: the National Inpatient Sample and the Nationwide Ambulatory Surgery Sample...

Hyperemesis gravidarum has a reported incidence of approximately 0.3-3% of pregnancies. Without treatment, refractory hyperemesis gravidarum can result in dehydration, electrolyte deficiencies, and severe nutritional deficiencies, resulting in significant maternal morbidity. The overall goals of inpatient management of refractory hyperemesis gravidarum are the resumption of oral intake to an adequate level to maintain hydration and nutrition, including the ability to tolerate oral pharmacotherapy. Patients initially are stabilized with rehydration and electrolyte repletion...

Small bowel obstruction (SBO) rarely occurs in pregnancy, primarily due to the adhesions resulting from previous abdominal surgery. However, malignancy causing SBO during pregnancy is exceedingly rare. We present a case of a 34-year-old pregnant woman who was recently diagnosed with small bowel disease at 19 weeks and two days of gestation and initially managed conservatively. Diagnostic procedures, such as endoscopy or colonoscopy and enterography magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), were postponed due to her pregnancy...

We describe a pregnant patient with severe compulsive water ingestion and vomiting that lead to metabolic alkalosis and preterm delivery. A 21-year-old patient was hospitalized multiple times throughout pregnancy for symptoms initially thought to be related to hyperemesis gravidarum. Overtime, it became apparent that the patient induced vomiting by rapidly drinking large volumes of water. At 32 weeks' gestation, rapid ingestion of water caused 3 days of vomiting with findings of hyponatremia, hypokalemia, hypochloremia, metabolic alkalosis, and compensatory respiratory acidosis...