keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38493365/frequencies-of-cyp2c19-and-cyp2d6-gene-variants-in-a-german-inpatient-sample-with-mood-and-anxiety-disorders
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Maike Scherf-Clavel, Heike Weber, Stefan Unterecker, Daniel J Müller, Jürgen Deckert
OBJECTIVES: Previous results demonstrated that CYP2D6 and CYP2C19 gene variants affect serum concentrations of antidepressants. We implemented a PGx service determining gene variants in CYP2D6 and CYP2C19 in our clinical routine care and report on our first patient cohort. METHODS: We analyzed CYP2D6 and CYP2C19 allele, genotype, and phenotype frequencies, and actionable pharmacogenetic variants in this German psychiatric inpatient cohort. Two-tailed z-test was used to investigate for differences in CYP2D6 and CYP2C19 phenotypes and actionable/non-actionable genetic variant frequencies between our cohort and reference cohorts...
March 17, 2024: World Journal of Biological Psychiatry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38490995/a-review-of-real-world-evidence-on-preemptive-pharmacogenomic-testing-for-preventing-adverse-drug-reactions-a-reality-for-future-health-care
#2
REVIEW
Santenna Chenchula, Shubham Atal, Chakradhara Rao S Uppugunduri
Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are a significant public health concern and a leading cause of hospitalization; they are estimated to be the fourth leading cause of death and increasing healthcare costs worldwide. Carrying a genetic variant could alter the efficacy and increase the risk of ADRs associated with a drug in a target population for commonly prescribed drugs. The use of pre-emptive pharmacogenetic/omic (PGx) testing can improve drug therapeutic efficacy, safety, and compliance by guiding the selection of drugs and/or dosages...
March 15, 2024: Pharmacogenomics Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38484442/scholarly-literature-on-nurses-and-pharmacogenomics-a-scoping-review
#3
REVIEW
Linn Helen Hetland, Jane Maguire, Deborah Debono, Helen Wright
BACKGROUND: Pharmacogenomics is the bioscience investigating how genes affect medication responses. Nurses are instrumental in medication safety. Pharmacogenomics is slowly being integrated into healthcare, and knowledge and understanding of it is now pertinent to nursing practice. PURPOSE: This paper aims to map the scholarly literature on pharmacogenomics in relation to nurses. METHODS: A scoping review was conducted in four databases: CINAHL, Embase (Ovid), ProQuest Health and Medicine and PubMed using the search terms pharmacogenomic*, pharmacogenetic*, PGx*, and nurs*, resulting in 263 articles of which 77 articles met the inclusion criteria...
March 7, 2024: Nurse Education Today
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38479169/impact-of-pharmacogenomic-profiles-on-post-surgical-pain-following-laparotomy-for-gynecologic-pathology
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gretchen E Glaser, Brandon Maddy, Amanika Kumar, Karen Ishitani, Maureen A Lemens, Kristine Hanson, Ann M Moyer, Elizabeth Habermann, Sean C Dowdy
OBJECTIVES: The aim of this prospective study was to compare perioperative opioid use in women by status of CYP2D6, a highly polymorphic pharmacogene relevant to opioid metabolism. METHODS: Patients undergoing laparotomy were prospectively recruited and provided a preoperative saliva swab for a pharmacogenomic (PGx) gene panel. Postoperative opioid usage and pain scores were evaluated via chart review and a phone survey. Pharmacogenes known to be relevant to opioid metabolism were genotyped, and opioid metabolizing activity predicted by CYP2D6 genotyping...
March 12, 2024: Gynecologic Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38471670/landscape-of-pharmacogenetic-variants-associated-with-non-insulin-antidiabetic-drugs-in-the-indian-population
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ambily Sivadas, S Sahana, Bani Jolly, Rahul C Bhoyar, Abhinav Jain, Disha Sharma, Mohamed Imran, Vigneshwar Senthivel, Mohit Kumar Divakar, Anushree Mishra, Arpita Mukhopadhyay, Greg Gibson, Km Venkat Narayan, Sridhar Sivasubbu, Vinod Scaria, Anura V Kurpad
INTRODUCTION: Genetic variants contribute to differential responses to non-insulin antidiabetic drugs (NIADs), and consequently to variable plasma glucose control. Optimal control of plasma glucose is paramount to minimizing type 2 diabetes-related long-term complications. India's distinct genetic architecture and its exploding burden of type 2 diabetes warrants a population-specific survey of NIAD-associated pharmacogenetic (PGx) variants. The recent availability of large-scale whole genomes from the Indian population provides a unique opportunity to generate a population-specific map of NIAD-associated PGx variants...
March 12, 2024: BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38447590/empowering-personalized-pharmacogenomics-with-generative-ai-solutions
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mullai Murugan, Bo Yuan, Eric Venner, Christie M Ballantyne, Katherine M Robinson, James C Coons, Liwen Wang, Philip E Empey, Richard A Gibbs
OBJECTIVE: This study evaluates an AI assistant developed using OpenAI's GPT-4 for interpreting pharmacogenomic (PGx) testing results, aiming to improve decision-making and knowledge sharing in clinical genetics and to enhance patient care with equitable access. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The AI assistant employs retrieval-augmented generation (RAG), which combines retrieval and generative techniques, by harnessing a knowledge base (KB) that comprises data from the Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium (CPIC)...
March 6, 2024: Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association: JAMIA
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38440834/workforce-readiness-for-pharmacogenomics-and-key-elements-for-sustainment-within-the-veterans-health-administration
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rebekah Ryanne Wu, Richelle Benevent, Nina R Sperber, Jill S Bates, Daniel Villa, Dilhan Weeraratne, Timothy A Burrell, Deepak Voora
Aim: Understanding barriers and facilitators to pharmacogenomics (PGx) implementation and how to structure a clinical program with the Veterans Health Administration (VA). Materials & methods: Healthcare provider (HCP) survey at 20 VA facilities assessing PGx knowledge/acceptance and qualitative interviews to understand how best to design and sustain a national program. Results: 186 (12% response rate) surveyed believed PGx informs drug efficacy (74.7%) and adverse events (71.0%). Low confidence in knowledge (43...
March 5, 2024: Pharmacogenomics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38423983/chapitre-5-from-individuals-to-social-the-needs-for-a-global-ethics-overview-in-pharmacogenomics
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anastasia Constantin, Alfonsina Faya Robles, Emmanuelle Rial-Sebbag
As a part of personalized medicine, pharmacogenomics (PGx) allows practitioners to provide the right drug for a given patient, in accordance with the result of a genetic test. This practice raises many ethical issues that are discussed in the literature, sometimes within the larger context of personalized medicine. This article is based on a literature review that is original insofar as it is interdisciplinary and based on an approach that articulates individual and social rights. Here, we propose to reconsider some classic ethical issues, such as informed consent, incidental findings and data protection which are raised by genetic testing and also by PGx in the same or in a different way...
2024: Journal International de Bioéthique et D'éthique des Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38421437/the-polymorphisms-of-candidate-pharmacokinetic-and-pharmacodynamic-genes-and-their-pharmacogenetic-impacts-on-the-effectiveness-of-risperidone-maintenance-therapy-among-saudi-children-with-autism
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sireen Abdul Rahim Shilbayeh, Iman Sharaf Adeen, Ayman Shawqi Alhazmi, Haya Aljurayb, Rana Saad Altokhais, Nourah Alhowaish, Khawlah Essa Aldilaijan, Mostafa Kamal, Anwar Mansour Alnakhli
BACKGROUND: Antipsychotics, including risperidone (RIS), are frequently indicated for various autism spectrum disorder (ASD) manifestations; however, "actionable" PGx testing in psychiatry regarding antipsychotic dosing and selection has limited applications in routine clinical practice because of the lack of standard guidelines, mostly due to the inconsistency and scarcity of genetic variant data. The current study is aimed at examining the association of RIS effectiveness, according to ABC-CV and CGI indexes, with relevant pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) genes...
February 29, 2024: European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38399366/a-new-intervention-for-implementation-of-pharmacogenetics-in-psychiatry-a-description-of-the-psy-pgx-clinical-study
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Teuntje A D Pelgrim, Alexandra Philipsen, Allan H Young, Mario Juruena, Ester Jimenez, Eduard Vieta, Marin Jukić, Erik Van der Eycken, Urs Heilbronner, Ramona Moldovan, Martien J H Kas, Raj R Jagesar, Markus M Nöthen, Per Hoffmann, Noam Shomron, Laura L Kilarski, Thérèse van Amelsvoort, Bea Campforts, The Psy-PGx Consortium, Roos van Westrhenen
(1) Background Pharmacological treatment for psychiatric disorders has shown to only be effective in about one-third of patients, as it is associated with frequent treatment failure, often because of side effects, and a long process of trial-and-error pharmacotherapy until an effective and tolerable treatment is found. This notion emphasizes the urgency for a personalized medicine approach in psychiatry. (2) Methods This prospective patient- and rater-blinded, randomized, controlled study will investigate the effect of dose-adjustment of antidepressants escitalopram and sertraline or antipsychotics risperidone and aripiprazole according to the latest state-of-the-art international dosing recommendations for CYP2C19 and CYP2D6 metabolizer status in patients with mood, anxiety, and psychotic disorders...
January 23, 2024: Pharmaceuticals
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38399228/the-status-quo-of-pharmacogenomics-of-tyrosine-kinase-inhibitors-in-precision-oncology-a-bibliometric-analysis-of-the-literature
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Abdallah Alzoubi, Hassan Shirazi, Ahmad Alrawashdeh, Arwa M Al-Dekah, Nadia Ibraheem, Khalid A Kheirallah
Precision oncology and pharmacogenomics (PGx) intersect in their overarching goal to institute the right treatment for the right patient. However, the translation of these innovations into clinical practice is still lagging behind. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the current state of research and to predict the future directions of applied PGx in the field of precision oncology as represented by the targeted therapy class of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Advanced bibliometric and scientometric analyses of the literature were performed...
January 25, 2024: Pharmaceutics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38390792/genetic-guided-pharmacotherapy-for-coronary-artery-disease-a-systematic-and-critical-review-of-economic-evaluations
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ka Keat Lim, Rositsa Koleva-Kolarova, Hanin Farhana Kamaruzaman, Ahmad Amir Kamil, Phil Chowienczyk, Charles D A Wolfe, Julia Fox-Rushby
BACKGROUND: Genetic-guided pharmacotherapy (PGx) is not recommended in clinical guidelines for coronary artery disease (CAD). We aimed to examine the extent and quality of evidence from economic evaluations of PGx in CAD and to identify variables influential in changing conclusions on cost-effectiveness. METHODS AND RESULTS: From systematic searches across 6 databases, 2 independent reviewers screened, included, and rated the methodological quality of economic evaluations of PGx testing to guide pharmacotherapy for patients with CAD...
February 23, 2024: Journal of the American Heart Association
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38388174/pillharmonics%C3%A2-an-orchestrated-pharmacogenetics-medication-clinical-decision-support-service
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Robert H Dolin, Edna C Shenvi, Carla Alvarez, Randolph Barrows, Aziz Boxwala, Benson Lee, Brian Nathanson, Yelena Kleyner, Rachel Hagemann, Tonya Hongsermeier, Joan Kapusnik-Uner, Adnan Lakdawala, James Shalaby
OBJECTIVES: Pharmacogenetics (PGx) is increasingly important in individualizing therapeutic management plans, but is often implemented apart from other types of medication clinical decision support (CDS). The lack of integration of pharmacogenetics into existing CDS may result in incomplete interaction information, which may pose patient safety concerns. We sought to develop a cloud-based orchestrated medication CDS service that integrates PGx with a broad set of drug screening alerts and evaluate it through a clinician utility study...
February 22, 2024: Applied Clinical Informatics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38386947/overcoming-barriers-to-discovery-and-implementation-of-equitable-pharmacogenomic-testing-in-oncology
#14
REVIEW
Sharon P Shriver, Devon Adams, Brittany Avin McKelvey, Jeannine S McCune, Dale Miles, Victoria M Pratt, Kristine Ashcraft, Howard L McLeod, Hannah Williams, Mark E Fleury
Pharmacogenomics (PGx), the study of inherited genomic variation and drug response or safety, is a vital tool in precision medicine. In oncology, testing to identify PGx variants offers patients the opportunity for customized treatments that can minimize adverse effects and maximize the therapeutic benefits of drugs used for cancer treatment and supportive care. Because individuals of shared ancestry share specific genetic variants, PGx factors may contribute to outcome disparities across racial and ethnic categories when genetic ancestry is not taken into account or mischaracterized in PGx research, discovery, and application...
February 22, 2024: Journal of Clinical Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38377527/impact-of-pharmacogenomics-on-pediatric-psychotropic-medication-prescribing-in-an-ambulatory-care-setting
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Erica Tonti, Yee Ming Lee, Nathan Gruenke, Janie Ferren, Danielle L Stutzman
Objective: Evidence for pharmacogenomic (PGx) guided treatment in child and adolescent psychiatry is growing. This study evaluated the impact of PGx testing on psychotropic medication prescribing in an ambulatory child and adolescent psychiatry and a developmental pediatrics clinic. Methods: This was a single-center, retrospective, descriptive analysis of patients who underwent PGx testing between January 2015 and October 2022 at a child and adolescent psychiatry clinic or developmental pediatrics clinic. The primary outcome was the proportion of patients with at least one psychotropic medication modification made 6-month posttesting that could be attributed to CYP2C19, CYP2D6, HLA-B*15:02, or HLA-A*31:01...
February 2024: Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38377525/pharmacogenetics-in-child-and-adolescent-psychiatry-background-and-evidence-based-clinical-applications
#16
REVIEW
Salma Malik, Pragya Verma, Gualberto Ruaño, Areej Al Siaghy, Azwa Dilawar, Jeffrey R Bishop, Jeffrey R Strawn, Lisa B Namerow
The efficacy and tolerability of psychotropic medications can vary significantly among children and adolescents, and some of this variability relates to pharmacogenetic factors. Pharmacogenetics (PGx) in child and adolescent psychiatry can potentially improve treatment outcomes and minimize adverse drug reactions. This article reviews key pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic genes and principles of pharmacogenetic testing and discusses the evidence base for clinical decision-making concerning PGx testing. This article reviews current guidelines from the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA), the Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium (CPIC), and the Dutch Pharmacogenetics Working Group (DPWG) and explores potential future directions...
February 2024: Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38375040/exploratory-focused-pharmacogenetic-testing-reveals-novel-markers-associated-with-risperidone-pharmacokinetics-in-saudi-children-with-autism
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sireen Abdul Rahim Shilbayeh, Iman Sharaf Adeen, Ezzeldeen Hasan Ghanem, Haya Aljurayb, Khawlah Essa Aldilaijan, Fatimah AlDosari, Abeer Fadda
Background: Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) encompass a broad range of phenotypes characterized by diverse neurological alterations. Genomic studies have revealed considerable overlap between the molecular mechanisms implicated in the etiology of ASD and genes involved in the pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) pathways of antipsychotic drugs employed in ASD management. Given the conflicting data originating from candidate PK or PD gene association studies in diverse ethnogeographic ASD populations, dosage individualization based on "actionable" pharmacogenetic (PGx) markers has limited application in clinical practice...
2024: Frontiers in Pharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38364700/clinical-implementation-of-preemptive-pharmacogenomics-in-psychiatry
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Maria Skokou, Kariofyllis Karamperis, Margarita-Ioanna Koufaki, Evangelia-Eirini Tsermpini, Maria-Theodora Pandi, Stavroula Siamoglou, Panagiotis Ferentinos, Marina Bartsakoulia, Theodora Katsila, Christina Mitropoulou, George P Patrinos
BACKGROUND: Pharmacogenomics (PGx) holds promise to revolutionize modern healthcare. Although there are several prospective clinical studies in oncology and cardiology, demonstrating a beneficial effect of PGx-guided treatment in reducing adverse drug reactions, there are very few such studies in psychiatry, none of which spans across all main psychiatric indications, namely schizophrenia, major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder. In this study we aim to investigate the clinical effectiveness of PGx-guided treatment (occurrence of adverse drug reactions, hospitalisations and re-admissions, polypharmacy) and perform a cost analysis of the intervention...
February 15, 2024: EBioMedicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38359167/pharmacogenomic-allele-coverage-of-genome-wide-genotyping-arrays-a-comparative-analysis
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Courtney Lenz, Ankita Narang, Chad A Bousman
The use of genome-wide genotyping arrays in pharmacogenomics (PGx) research and clinical implementation applications is increasing but it is unclear which arrays are best suited for these applications. Here, we conduct a comparative coverage analysis of PGx alleles included on genome-wide genotyping arrays, with an emphasis on alleles in genes with PGx-based prescribing guidelines. Genomic manifest files for seven arrays including the Axiom Precision Medicine Diversity Array (PMDA), Axiom PMDA Plus, Axiom PangenomiX, Axiom PangenomiX Plus, Infinium Global Screening Array, Infinium Global Diversity Array (GDA) and Infinium GDA with enhanced PGx (GDA-PGx) Array, were evaluated for coverage of 523 star alleles across 19 pharmacogenes included in prescribing guidelines developed by the Clinical Pharmacogenetic Implementation Consortium and Dutch Pharmacogenomics Working Group...
February 8, 2024: Pharmacogenetics and Genomics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38349656/opportunities-for-pharmacogenetic-testing-to-guide-dosing-of-medications-in-youths-with-medicaid
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sonya Tang Girdwood, Matthew Hall, James W Antoon, Kathryn E Kyler, Derek J Williams, Samir S Shah, Lucas E Orth, Jennifer Goldman, James A Feinstein, Laura B Ramsey
IMPORTANCE: There are an increasing number of medications with a high level of evidence for pharmacogenetic-guided dosing (PGx drugs). Knowledge of the prevalence of dispensings of PGx drugs and their associated genes may allow hospitals and clinical laboratories to determine which pharmacogenetic tests to implement. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the prevalence of outpatient dispensings of PGx drugs among Medicaid-insured youths, determine genes most frequently associated with PGx drug dispenses, and describe characteristics of youths who were dispensed at least 1 PGx drug...
February 5, 2024: JAMA Network Open
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