keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38478545/sensory-function-and-somatosensorial-system-changes-according-to-visual-acuity-and-throwing-techniques-in-goalball-players-a-cross-sectional-study
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ayşenur Gökşen, Gonca İnce
The somatosensory system is a complect sensory system that differentiates individual athletes. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of visual acuity level on throwing technique, proprioceptive sense of the shoulder joint, light touch and two-point discrimination sense of the upper extremity, and sensory function (postural control and reaction time) in visually impaired goalball players. Goalball players who have different visual acuities B1(unable to perceive light or recognize its shape); B2 (has a visual field of less than 5 degrees and can recognize shapes); B3 (visual field greater than 5 degrees and less than 20 degrees) participated in the study...
2024: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38475840/differential-contribution-of-canonical-and-noncanonical-nlgn3-pathways-to-early-social-development-and-memory-performance
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lin-Yu Li, Ayako Imai, Hironori Izumi, Ran Inoue, Yumie Koshidaka, Keizo Takao, Hisashi Mori, Tomoyuki Yoshida
Neuroligin (NLGN) 3 is a postsynaptic cell adhesion protein organizing synapse formation through two different types of transsynaptic interactions, canonical interaction with neurexins (NRXNs) and a recently identified noncanonical interaction with protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) δ. Although, NLGN3 gene is known as a risk gene for neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and intellectual disability (ID), the pathogenic contribution of the canonical NLGN3-NRXN and noncanonical NLGN3-PTPδ pathways to these disorders remains elusive...
March 12, 2024: Molecular Brain
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38474953/remote-emotion-recognition-using-continuous-wave-bio-radar-system
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Carolina Gouveia, Beatriz Soares, Daniel Albuquerque, Filipa Barros, Sandra C Soares, Pedro Pinho, José Vieira, Susana Brás
The Bio-Radar is herein presented as a non-contact radar system able to capture vital signs remotely without requiring any physical contact with the subject. In this work, the ability to use the proposed system for emotion recognition is verified by comparing its performance on identifying fear, happiness and a neutral condition, with certified measuring equipment. For this purpose, machine learning algorithms were applied to the respiratory and cardiac signals captured simultaneously by the radar and the referenced contact-based system...
February 22, 2024: Sensors
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38473169/forced-handling-decreases-emotionality-but-does-not-improve-young-horses-responses-toward-humans-and-their-adaptability-to-stress
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Inês Pereira-Figueiredo, Ilda Rosa, Consuelo Sancho Sanchez
Horses are often still exposed to stressful or inadequate conditions and difficult relationships with humans, despite growing concerns about animal welfare. In the present study, we investigated the impact of different approaches of short-term handling sessions on young Lusitanian horses raised on a high-breed farm, specifically on their later adaptability to humans and stressful environments. Thirty-one foals (3 months old ± 15 days), from both sexes, were separated into three groups, one submitted to 3 consecutive days of handling sessions (Int-H), another to one handling session each month for 3 months (Month-H), and one left undisturbed (control)...
March 2, 2024: Animals: An Open Access Journal From MDPI
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38471801/exploring-brainstem-structural-abnormalities-potential-biomarkers-for-panic-disorder
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hye-Min Kim, Chanmi Kang, Boram Chae, June Christoph Kang, Ho-Kyoung Yoon
Panic disorder (PD), characterized by recurrent and intense panic attacks, presents a complex interplay between psychological and neurobiological factors. Although the amygdala and hippocampus have been studied extensively in the context of PD, the brainstem's involvement remains relatively underexplored. This study aims to address this gap by examining structural abnormalities within specific brainstem regions, including the medulla, pons, and midbrain. The study sample population comprised twenty-one adult patients diagnosed with PD and an age-gender-education-matched control group...
February 29, 2024: Experimental Neurobiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38468293/effects-of-exposure-and-cognitive-behavioral-therapy-for-chronic-back-pain-effect-back-study-protocol-for-a-randomized-controlled-trial
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rabea Vogt, Julia Haas, Lukas Baumann, Anja Sander, Christina Klose, Jenny Riecke, Winfried Rief, Ulrike Bingel, Dustin Maser, Michael Witthöft, Jens Keßler, Marco Richard Zugaj, Beate Ditzen, Julia Anna Glombiewski
INTRODUCTION: Chronic back pain is a widespread medical condition associated with high socioeconomic costs and increasing prevalence. Despite the advanced implementation of multidisciplinary approaches, providing a satisfactory treatment offer for those affected is often not possible. Exposure therapy (EXP) promises to be an effective and economical form of treatment and in a previous pilot study showed to be superior to cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) in reducing perceived limitations of movement...
March 11, 2024: Trials
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38467844/late-adolescent-onset-of-prefrontal-endocannabinoid-control-of-hippocampal-and-amygdalar-inputs-and-its-impact-on-trace-fear-conditioning-behavior
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hanna M Molla, Anabel M M Miguelez Fernández, Kuei Y Tseng
Prefrontal cortex (PFC) maturation during adolescence is characterized by structural and functional changes, which involve the remodeling of GABA and glutamatergic synapses, as well as changes in the endocannabinoid system. Yet, the way PFC endocannabinoid signaling interacts with local GABA and glutamatergic function to impact its processing of afferent transmission during the adolescent transition to adulthood remains unknown. Here we combined PFC local field potential recordings with local manipulations of 2-AG and anandamide levels to assess how PFC endocannabinoid signaling is recruited to modulate ventral hippocampal and basolateral amygdalar inputs in vivo in adolescent and adult male rats...
March 11, 2024: Neuropsychopharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38465468/mouse-model-of-chronic-social-stress-induced-excessive-pavlovian-aversion-learning-memory
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hannes Sigrist, David E Hogg, Alena Senn, Christopher R Pryce
Increased experience of aversive stimuli/events is a psychological-neurobiological state of major importance in psychiatry. It occurs commonly in generalized anxiety disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, and major depression. A sustained period of exposure to threat (chronic stressor) is a common risk factor, and a major symptom is generalized excessive perception of, and reactivity to, aversive stimuli. In rodents, Pavlovian aversion learning and memory (PAL, PAM), quantified in terms of the conditioned defensive behavior freezing, is an extensively studied behavioral paradigm, and well understood in terms of underlying neural circuitry...
March 2024: Current protocols
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38465133/exploring-care-and-recovery-for-individuals-with-post-traumatic-stress-disorder-a-scoping-review
#29
REVIEW
Jennifer R Smith, Kyle J Drouillard, Angel M Foster
Most people experience trauma at some point in their lives. The sources of trauma can include accidents, natural disasters, physical or sexual assault, combat, torture, or the death of a loved one. Experiencing or witnessing any of these, or other terrifying events, may make one susceptible to developing post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), a trauma- and stressor-related mental health condition. The common symptoms and consequences of PTSD include intrusive and distressing thoughts, memories, or flashbacks related to the traumatic event; avoidance of situations, people, or activities that remind one of the traumatic event; irritability, sleep difficulties, or hypervigilance; feelings of guilt, shame, or fear; substance use; strains on relationships; and suicidal thoughts and behaviors...
February 2024: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38463434/efficacy-of-music-therapy-on-stress-and-anxiety-prior-to-dental-treatment-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis-of-randomized-clinical-trials
#30
Nansi López-Valverde, Antonio López-Valverde, Bruno Macedo de Sousa, José Antonio Blanco Rueda
INTRODUCTION: Stress and anxiety are emotional states that often accompany patients who have to receive dental treatments, leading them to postpone or avoid treatments with the consequent deterioration of their oral health and, hence, their general condition. Music therapy has been shown to be an alternative to other treatments that are invasive and not without danger, such as anxiolytics or sedation. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the effect of music therapy on anxiety and stress prior to dental treatments...
2024: Frontiers in Psychiatry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38462579/reduced-reactivity-to-fear-conditioning-and-pain-tests-in-persons-involved-in-violent-video-gaming-is-influenced-by-adverse-childhood-experiences
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Maximilian Penzkofer, Julia Daub, Susanne Becker, Herta Flor
Video gaming, including violent video gaming, has become very common and lockdown measures of the COVID-19 pandemic even increased the prevalence rates. In this study, we examined if violent video gaming is associated with more adverse childhood experiences (ACE) and if it impairs pain processing and fear conditioning. We tested three groups of participants (violent video gamers, nonviolent video gamers, and non-gamers) and examined fear conditioning as well as pain perception during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)...
March 10, 2024: Psychophysiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38461618/the-hidden-toll-of-the-pandemic-on-nonrespiratory-patients
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Simone Marco Ferro, Andrea Riganti
While many empirical studies have focused on the health consequences of COVID-19 for infected individuals, little attention has been given to its consequences for patients with nonrespiratory medical conditions. In this study, we apply machine learning and regression analysis techniques to complete-coverage administrative records of inpatient hospitalizations in Italy in 2012-2021 to investigate how the outbreak has impacted on the treatment of nonrespiratory patients in one of the countries most acutely affected by the pandemic...
March 6, 2024: Health Policy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38459971/the-role-of-mglur5-on-the-therapeutic-effects-of-ketamine-in-wistar-rats
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dilan Gokalp, Gunes Unal
RATIONALE: Ketamine produces dissociative, psychomimetic, anxiolytic, antidepressant, and anesthetic effects in a dose dependent manner. It has a complex mechanism of action that involve alterations in other glutamate receptors. The metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) has been investigated in relation to the psychotic and anesthetic properties of ketamine, while its role in mediating the therapeutic effects of ketamine remains unknown. OBJECTIVES: We investigated the role of mGluR5 on the antidepressant, anxiolytic and fear memory-related effects of ketamine in adult male Wistar rats...
March 9, 2024: Psychopharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38459928/counterirritation-by-pain-inhibits-the-responsiveness-to-aversive-loud-tones-the-role-of-state-anxiety-and-state-fear-triggered-in-the-npu-paradigm
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Silvia Metzger, Claudia Horn-Hofmann, Miriam Kunz, Stefan Lautenbacher
AIM OF THE STUDY: The application of a noxious stimulus reduces the perception and responsiveness to other pain stimuli. This inhibition can be experimentally assessed with a method called 'counterirritation'. The question arises if counterirritation acts also on the perception and responsiveness to aversive but non-nociceptive stimuli (e.g., loud tones). Since aversive stimulation is often associated with state anxiety or state fear, we investigated in addition the modulatory effects of these emotions on counterirritation...
March 9, 2024: Somatosensory & Motor Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38459751/experiences-of-family-members-when-accompanying-patients-in-intensive-care-units-a-qualitative-study
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Abdolghani Abdollahimohammad, Mozhgan Rahnama, Mohammadreza Firouzkouhi
BACKGROUND: Family members of Intensive Care Unit (ICU) patients encounter numerous challenges while providing companionship to their hospitalized loved ones. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: This study aims to explore the experiences of family members with loved ones hospitalized in ICUs. DESIGN: Qualitative research was conducted using a content analysis approach. PARTICIPANTS: Ten family members of ICU patients were recruited using purposive sampling...
March 8, 2024: Nursing in Critical Care
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38454554/nurses-decision-making-around-gastric-residual-volume-measurement-in-uk-adult-intensive-care-a-four-centre-survey
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lyvonne N Tume, Andrew A Lynes, Victoria Waugh, Brian W Johnston, Aayesha Kazi, Nicholas Truman, Tamas Szakmany
BACKGROUND: Despite increasing evidence of the potential inaccuracy and unwarranted practice of regular GRV measurement in critically in adults, this practice persists within the United Kingdom. AIM: To explore adult intensive care nurses' decision-making around the practice of GRV measurement to guide enteral feeding. METHODS: A cross-sectional 16 item electronic survey in four adult intensive care units (ICUs) in England and Wales. RESULTS: Two hundred and seventy-three responses were obtained across four ICUs with acceptable response rates for most [Unit 1 74 /127 = 58...
March 7, 2024: Nursing in Critical Care
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38454310/astrocytic-phagocytosis-in-the-medial-prefrontal-cortex-jeopardises-postoperative-memory-consolidation-in-mice
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xin Ma, Yuan Le, Lin Hu, Wen Ouyang, Cheng Li, Daqing Ma, Jianbin Tong
Memory impairment is one of the main characteristics of postoperative cognitive dysfunction. It remains elusive how postoperative pathological changes of the brain link to the memory impairment. The clinical setting of perioperation was mimicked via partial hepatectomy under sevoflurane anaesthesia together with preoperative restraint stress (Hep-Sev-stress) in mice. Memory changes were assessed with fear conditioning. The medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC)-dorsal hippocampus connectivity was evaluated with injecting neurotracer 28 days before surgery...
March 7, 2024: Brain Pathology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38454052/reactivation-of-encoding-ensembles-in-the-prelimbic-cortex-supports-temporal-associations
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Thays Brenner Santos, Cesar Augusto de Oliveira Coelho, Juliana Carlota Kramer-Soares, Paul W Frankland, Maria Gabriela Menezes Oliveira
Fear conditioning is encoded by strengthening synaptic connections between the neurons activated by a conditioned stimulus (CS) and those activated by an unconditioned stimulus (US), forming a memory engram, which is reactivated during memory retrieval. In temporal associations, activity within the prelimbic cortex (PL) plays a role in sustaining a short-term, transient memory of the CS, which is associated with the US after a temporal gap. However, it is unknown whether the PL has only a temporary role, transiently representing the CS, or is part of the neuronal ensembles that support the retrieval, i...
March 7, 2024: Neuropsychopharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38453902/social-buffering-in-rats-reduces-fear-by-oxytocin-triggering-sustained-changes-in-central-amygdala-neuronal-activity
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chloe Hegoburu, Yan Tang, Ruifang Niu, Supriya Ghosh, Rodrigo Triana Del Rio, Isabel de Araujo Salgado, Marios Abatis, David Alexandre Mota Caseiro, Erwin H van den Burg, Christophe Grundschober, Ron Stoop
The presence of a companion can reduce fear, but the neural mechanisms underlying this social buffering of fear are incompletely known. We studied social buffering of fear in male and female, and its encoding in the amygdala of male, auditory fear-conditioned rats. Pharmacological, opto,- and/or chemogenetic interventions showed that oxytocin signaling from hypothalamus-to-central amygdala projections underlied fear reduction acutely with a companion and social buffering retention 24 h later without a companion...
March 7, 2024: Nature Communications
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38453692/effects-of-scanning-health-news-headlines-on-trust-in-science-an-emotional-framing-perspective
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Robin L Nabi, Christopher M Dobmeier, Chris L Robbins, Debora Pérez Torres, Nathan Walter
Rooted in the emotions-as-frames model (EFM), this research examines how hope, fear, and annoyance are evoked through health news headline scanning, and how these emotions influence perceptions of news and medical science institutions as well as health behavioral intentions. A sample of U.S. adults ( N  = 327) were assigned to one of four headline framing conditions expected to associate with different emotions (positive future frame-hope; threat frame-fear/anxiety; reversal frame-annoyance; and control-neutral) and then asked about their emotional states, trust in science and news, and health-related behavioral intentions...
March 7, 2024: Health Communication
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