keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38496466/blocking-src-psd-95-interaction-rescues-glutamatergic-signaling-dysregulation-in-schizophrenia
#1
Robert E Featherstone, Hongbin Li, Ameet Sengar, Karin E Borgmann-Winter, Olya Melnychenko, Lindsey M Crown, Ray L Gifford, Felix Amirfathi, Anamika Banerjee, Krishna Parekh, Margaret Heller, Wenyu Zhang, Adam D Marc, Michael W Salter, Steven J Siegel, Chang-Gyu Hahn
The complex and heterogeneous genetic architecture of schizophrenia inspires us to look beyond individual risk genes for therapeutic strategies and target their interactive dynamics and convergence. Postsynaptic NMDA receptor (NMDAR) complexes are a site of such convergence. Src kinase is a molecular hub of NMDAR function, and its protein interaction subnetwork is enriched for risk-genes and altered protein associations in schizophrenia. Previously, Src activity was found to be decreased in post-mortem studies of schizophrenia, contributing to NMDAR hypofunction...
March 8, 2024: bioRxiv
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38494434/health-care-professionals-knowledge-and-attitudes-towards-antibiotic-prescribing-for-the-treatment-of-urinary-tract-infections-a-systematic-review
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Angela Kabulo Mwape, Kelly Ann Schmidtke, Celia Brown
PURPOSE: Previous models identify knowledge and attitudes that influence prescribing behaviour. The present study focuses on antibiotic prescribing for urinary tract infections (UTIs) to describe levels of health care professionals' knowledge and attitude factors in this area and how those levels are assessed. METHODS: A systematic search was conducted to identify studies assessing the identified knowledge or attitude factors influencing health care professionals' antibiotic prescribing for urinary tract infections up to September 2022...
March 17, 2024: British Journal of Health Psychology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38494129/ck2-negatively-regulates-the-extinction-of-remote-fear-memory
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jie Yang, Lin Lin, Guang-Jing Zou, Lai-Fa Wang, Fang Li, Chang-Qi Li, Yan-Hui Cui, Fu-Lian Huang
Cognitive behavioral therapy, rooted in exposure therapy, is currently the primary approach employed in the treatment of anxiety-related conditions, including post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). In laboratory settings, fear extinction in animals is a commonly employed technique to investigate exposure therapy; however, the precise mechanisms underlying fear extinction remain elusive. Casein kinase 2 (CK2), which regulates neuroplasticity via phosphorylation of its substrates, has a significant influence in various neurological disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease, as well as in the process of learning and memory...
March 15, 2024: Behavioural Brain Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38493982/neuroligin1-in-excitatory-synapses-contributes-to-long-term-cognitive-impairments-after-repeated-neonatal-sevoflurane-exposures
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hui Zhang, Yingqiao Niu, Peng Yuan, Wenbo Liu, Wei Zhu, Jie Sun
BACKGROUND: Repeated sevoflurane exposures in neonatal rats may lead to neuronal apoptosis affecting long-term cognitive function, the mechanism is unknown. Neuroligin1 (NL1) is essential for normal excitatory transmission and long-term synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus of intact animals. Herein, we explore the role of NL1 in hippocampal excitatory synapses on long-term cognitive impairments induced by repeated sevoflurane exposures in neonatal rats. METHODS: From postnatal day six (P6) to P8, neonatal rats were exposed to 30% oxygen or 3% sevoflurane +30% oxygen for 2 h daily...
March 15, 2024: Experimental Neurology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38493970/termites-can-learn
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yifan Evan Ding, Zhenghui Li
It is generally believed that termites can't learn and are not "intelligent". This study aimed to test whether termites could have any form of memory. A Y-shaped test device with one release chamber and two identical test chambers was designed and constructed by 3D printing. A colony of damp wood termites was harvested from the wild. Worker termites were randomly selected for experiment. Repellent odors that could mimic the alarm pheromone for termites were first identified. Among all substances tested, a tea tree oil and lemon juice were found to contain repellent odors for the tested termites, as they significantly reduced the time that termites spent in the chamber treated with these substances...
March 15, 2024: Behavioural Processes
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38491580/catastrophic-and-noncatastrophic-population-crashes-in-a-bitrophic-system-with-dynamic-additional-food-provision-to-cooperative-predators
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Saswati Biswas, Arindam Mandal, Samares Pal
In this article we contemplate the dynamics of an additional food-provided prey-predator system. We assume that the behavior of cooperative predators induces fear in prey, which radically affects the prey's birth and death rates. We observe that the structural instability imposed by strong cooperative hunting among predators goes away with higher intensities of fear levels affecting the prey's reproductive output and mortality. High levels of prey refuge are not conducive to the survival of predators. In such a situation, adequate supply of high-quality additional food is favorable regarding the persistence and stability of the system...
February 2024: Physical Review. E
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38491521/quality-of-life-among-residents-of-gaza-palestine-the-predictive-role-of-mental-distress-fear-of-covid-19-and-social-support
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Suhayla Said Jalala, Guido Veronese, Marwan Diab, Yasser Abu Jamei, Rawya Hamam, Ashraf Kagee
BACKGROUND: Living under siege and deteriorated health, social, educational, and economic conditions and isolation with scarce opportunities to fulfil basic needs and aspirations affect the civil population's mental health and perceived quality of life. In this cross-sectional investigation, we explored the consequences of mental distress, fear of COVID-19, and social support for QoL in the Gaza strip. METHODS: Nine hundred seventy nine (32.9% males; 67.1% females; mean age was 35...
March 15, 2024: BMC Psychology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38491349/adapting-a-health-facility-hiv-stigma-reduction-participatory-training-intervention-to-address-drug-use-stigma-in-hiv-care-and-treatment-clinics-in-dar-es-salaam-tanzania
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Linda B Mlunde, Khalida Saalim, Jessie K Mbwambo, Pfiriael Kiwia, Elizabeth Fitch, Willbrord Manyama, Isack Rugemalila, Sue Clay, Barrot H Lambdin, Rachel D Stelmach, Carla Bann, Laura Nyblade
BACKGROUND: HIV prevalence among people who use drugs (PWUD) in Tanzania is 4-7 times higher than in the general population, underscoring an urgent need to increase HIV testing and treatment among PWUD. Drug use stigma within HIV clinics is a barrier to HIV treatment for PWUD, yet few interventions to address HIV-clinic drug use stigma exist. Guided by the ADAPT-ITT model, we adapted the participatory training curriculum of the evidence-based Health Policy Plus Total Facility Approach to HIV stigma reduction, to address drug use stigma in HIV care and treatment clinics (CTCs)...
March 15, 2024: Harm Reduction Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38490422/neurotoxic-effects-of-polystyrene-nanoplastics-on-memory-and-microglial-activation-insights-from-in-vivo-and-in-vitro-studies
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yunn Me Me Paing, Yunkyung Eom, Gyeong Bae Song, Bokyung Kim, Myung Gil Choi, Sungguan Hong, Sung Hoon Lee
Nanoplastics, arising from the fragmentation of plastics into environmental pollutants and specialized commercial applications, such as cosmetics, have elicited concerns due to their potential toxicity. Evidence suggests that the oral ingestion of nanoplastics smaller than 100 nm may penetrate the brain and induce neurotoxicity. However, comprehensive research in this area has been hampered by technical challenges associated with the detection and synthesis of nanoplastics. This study aimed to bridge this research gap by successfully synthesizing fluorescent polystyrene nanoplastics (PSNPs, 30-50 nm) through the incorporation of IR-813 and validating them using various analytical techniques...
March 13, 2024: Science of the Total Environment
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38490368/prefrontal-regulation-of-social-behavior-and-related-deficits-insights-from-rodent-studies
#10
REVIEW
Nancy R Mack, Nadia N Bouras, Wen-Jun Gao
The prefrontal cortex (PFC) is well known as the executive center of the brain, combining internal states and goals to execute purposeful behavior, including social actions. With the advancement of tools for monitoring and manipulating neural activity in rodents, substantial progress has been made in understanding the specific cell types and neural circuits within the PFC that are essential for processing social cues and influencing social behaviors. Furthermore, combining these tools with translationally-relevant behavioral paradigms has also provided novel insights into the PFC neural mechanisms that may contribute to social deficits in various psychiatric disorders...
March 13, 2024: Biological Psychiatry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38488844/patient-centered-approaches-for-designing-destigmatizing-sexual-pain-related-web-based-platforms-qualitative-study
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Abdul-Fatawu Abdulai, Hasti Naghdali, Heather Noga, Paul J Yong
BACKGROUND: Sexual pain is a common but neglected disorder that affects approximately 3% to 18% of women and an unmeasured number of gender-diverse people worldwide. Despite its wide prevalence, many people feel reluctant to visit conventional health care services or disclose their symptoms due to the fear of stigmatization. To alleviate this stigma, various web-based interventions have been developed to complement and, in some cases, replace conventional sexual health interventions. However, the way these web-based interventions are developed could inadvertently reproduce, perpetuate, or exacerbate stigma among end user patients...
March 15, 2024: JMIR Formative Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38487656/climate-change-anxiety-fear-and-intention-to-act
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alessandro von Gal, Greta Fabiani, Laura Piccardi
Climate change anxiety (CCA) is an emerging yet not clearly defined construct. Here, we examine the relationship between CCA and climate change-related fear in response to messages differently framing uncertainty and anticipation concerning climate change, exploring how the former differs from general anxiety measures. To this purpose, young and healthy volunteers were assigned to three different framing conditions. Their emotional responses as well as eco-emotions and beliefs about climate change were collected...
2024: Frontiers in Psychology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38487600/accuracy-and-speed-of-emotion-recognition-with-face-masks
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Arben Hysenaj, Mariel Leclère, Bernard Tahirbegolli, Dorentina Kuqi, Albane Isufi, Lulejete Prekazi, Nevzat Shemsedini, Driton Maljichi, Rina Meha
Wearing face masks is one of the important actions to prevent the spread of COVID-19 among people around the world. Nevertheless, social interaction is limited via masks, and this impacts the accuracy and speed of emotional perception. In the present study, we assess the impact of mask-wearing on the accuracy and speed of emotion recognition. Fifty people (female n = 39, male n = 11) aged 19-28 participated in the study (M = 21.1 years). We used frontal photos of a Kosova woman who belonged to the same participants' age group, with a grey background...
February 2024: Europe's Journal of Psychology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38485930/resting-state-amygdala-subregion-and-precuneus-connectivity-provide-evidence-for-a-dimensional-approach-to-studying-social-anxiety-disorder
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Simone Mizzi, Mangor Pedersen, Susan L Rossell, Peter Rendell, Gill Terrett, Markus Heinrichs, Izelle Labuschagne
Social anxiety disorder (SAD) is a prevalent and disabling mental health condition, characterized by excessive fear and anxiety in social situations. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) paradigms have been increasingly used to understand the neurobiological underpinnings of SAD in the absence of threat-related stimuli. Previous studies have primarily focused on the role of the amygdala in SAD. However, the amygdala consists of functionally and structurally distinct subregions, and recent studies have highlighted the importance of investigating the role of these subregions independently...
March 14, 2024: Translational Psychiatry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38485910/a-quality-of-life-study-in-patients-with-anaphylaxis-to-hymenoptera-venom-in-iran
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mohammad Hasan Bemaniyan, Maryam Heidari, Marzieh Tavakol, Mohammad Nabavi, Fatemeh Ramezani Kashal, Maryam Gholami, Bita Bemaniyan
Little is known about the quality of life of patients with anaphylaxis to Hymenoptera venom. The Vespid Allergy Quality of Life Questionnaire (VQLQ) is commonly used to assess the psychological burden of this condition. This study aimed to evaluate the validity and reliability of the Persian version of VQLQ. In this cross-sectional study, VQLQ was translated into Persian according to expert recommendations.  The final translated version of VQLQ was then administered to 115 patients with Hymenoptera venom allergy at an asthma and allergy clinic in Iran...
February 11, 2024: Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38485483/-i-ve-never-been-so-stressed-in-my-life-a-qualitative-analysis-of-young-adults-lived-experience-amidst-pandemic-restrictions-in-prince-edward-island-canada
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gemma Postill, Michael Halpin, Claire Zanin, Caroline Ritter
OBJECTIVES: This qualitative study aimed to explore how young adults experienced the COVID-19 pandemic in relation to extensive lockdowns, social isolation and psychosocial distress. Specifically, this research focused on how the pandemic impacted those who did not contract COVID-19 and lived in a low-risk geographical location. The focus was young adults given they have large social circles (high risk for disease transmission) and have an increased propensity to mental health conditions...
March 14, 2024: BMJ Open
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38485469/attitudes-on-participation-in-clinical-drug-trials-a-nationally-representative-survey-of-older-adults-with-multimorbidity
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Janice B Schwartz, Ruey-Ying Liu, John Boscardin, Qi Liu, S W Johnny Lau, Sadhna Khatri, Derjung Tarn
BACKGROUND: Older adults with multimorbidity are under-represented in clinical drug trials. Their inclusion will not increase unless they are willing and able to participate. Data on motivators and barriers to participation in trials of new medications of older adults with multimorbidity are needed. METHODS: Cross-sectional internet and telephone survey of a nationally representative sample of adults ≥65 years with ≥3 chronic conditions (NORC University of Chicago Amerispeak Panel) conducted from March-April, 2023 to determine motivators and barriers to drug trial participation, described graphically and using statistics...
March 14, 2024: Journal of the American Geriatrics Society
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38484964/the-unconditioned-fear-response-in-vertebrates-deficient-in-dystrophin
#18
REVIEW
Saba Gharibi, Cyrille Vaillend, Angus Lindsay
Dystrophin loss due to mutations in the Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) gene is associated with a wide spectrum of neurocognitive comorbidities, including an aberrant unconditioned fear response to stressful/threat stimuli. Dystrophin-deficient animal models of DMD demonstrate enhanced stress reactivity that manifests as sustained periods of immobility. When the threat is repetitive or severe in nature, dystrophinopathy phenotypes can be exacerbated and even cause sudden death. Thus, it is apparent that enhanced sensitivity to stressful/threat stimuli in dystrophin-deficient vertebrates is a legitimate cause of concern for patients with DMD that could impact neurocognition and pathophysiology...
March 12, 2024: Progress in Neurobiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38484651/quantum-of-fear-herbivore-grazing-rates-not-affected-by-reef-shark-presence
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sterling B Tebbett, Sasha I Faul, David R Bellwood
Grazing by nominally herbivorous fishes is widely recognised as a critical ecosystem function on coral reefs. However, several studies have suggested that herbivory is reduced in the presence of predators, especially sharks. Nevertheless, the effects of shark presence on grazing, under natural settings, remains poorly resolved. Using ∼200 h of video footage, we quantify the extent of direct disturbance by reef sharks on grazing fishes. Contrary to expectations, grazing rate was not significantly suppressed due to sharks, with fishes resuming feeding in as little as 4 s after sharks passed...
March 11, 2024: Marine Environmental Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38484507/fear-generalization-predicts-post-traumatic-stress-symptoms-a-two-year-follow-up-study-in-dutch-fire-fighters
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Miriam J J Lommen, Steven Hoekstra, Rob H S van den Brink, Bert Lenaert
INTRODUCTION: Excessive fear generalization has been associated with pathological anxiety, including posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, studies investigating the longitudinal relationship between generalization and the development of anxiety symptomatology are scarce. This study aims to test the predictive value of fear generalization for PTSD symptoms in a high-risk profession sample and to explore the relationship between generalization and neuroticism, which are both linked to PTSD...
March 8, 2024: Journal of Anxiety Disorders
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