SPECT PET

Objective: Coprolalia is defined as the involuntary use of obscene, socially unacceptable, and derogatory words. Ictal coprolalia is a rare presentation of epilepsy. This study aimed to determine the localizing and lateralizing value and frequency of ictal coprolalia in epilepsy patients. Methods: Medical files, discharge summaries, and electroencephalography (EEG) reports of 2238 patients were reviewed retrospectively. We identified patients who suffered from ictal coprolalia. Electroencephalography reports, neuroimaging [brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET), single-photon emission computerized tomography (SPECT)] records, F-18 FDG fused on MRI images, and ictal SPECT fused on MRI images were evaluated...

Aims: This systematic literature review (SLR) consolidated economic and healthcare resource utilization (HCRU) evidence for positron emission tomography (PET) and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) to inform future economic evaluations. Materials and Methods: An electronic search was conducted in MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane databases from 2012-2022. Economic and HCRU studies in adults who underwent PET- or SPECT-MPI for coronary artery disease (CAD) diagnosis were eligible...

Gated radionuclide angiography and myocardial perfusion imaging were developed in the United States and Europe in the 1970's and soon adopted in Canadian centers. Much of the early development of nuclear cardiology in Canada was in Toronto, Ontario and was quickly followed by new programs across the country. Clinical research in Canada contributed to the further development of nuclear cardiology and cardiac PET. The Canadian Nuclear Cardiology Society (CNCS) was formed in 1995 and became the Canadian Society of Cardiovascular Nuclear and CT Imaging (CNCT) in 2014...

INTRODUCTION: Radiolabeled antibodies are promising tools for cancer diagnosis using nuclear medicine. A DOTA-chelating system is useful for preparing immuno-positron emission tomography and immuno-single-photon emission computed tomography probes with various radiometals. Radiolabeled antibodies are generally metabolized in the reticuloendothelial system, producing radiometabolites after proteolysis in hepatic lysosomes. Because of the bulkiness and extremely high hydrophilicity of DOTA, radiometabolites containing a radiometal-DOTA complex typically exhibit high and persistent localization in hepatic lysosomes...

PURPOSE: Lutetium-177 [177 Lu]Lu-PSMA-617 radioligand therapy (RLT) represents a significant advancement for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC), demonstrating improvements in radiographic progression free survival (rPFS) and overall survival (OS) with a low rate of associated side effects. Currently, most post-therapy SPECT/CT is conducted at 24 h after infusion. This study examines the clinical utility of a next-generation multi-detector Cadmium-Zinc-Telluride (CZT) SPECT/CT system (StarGuide) in same-day post-infusion assessment and early treatment response to [177 Lu]Lu-PSMA-617...

Imaging agents for positron emission tomography (PET) and single-photon emission computerized tomography (SPECT) have shown their utility in many situations, answering clinical questions related to drug development and medical considerations. The discovery and development of imaging agents follow a well-understood process, with variations related to available starting points and to the envisaged imaging application. This article describes the general development path leading from the expression of an imaging need and project initiation to a clinically usable imaging agent...

The diagnostic reference level (DRL) is a patient-exposure optimization tool used to evaluate radiation doses in medical imaging and provide guidance for protection from them. In Thailand, nuclear medicine DRLs have not been established yet. Therefore, this study surveyed dose levels in routine nuclear medicine procedures to provide national DRLs (NDRLs). Methods: NDRLs in Thailand were established by investigating the administered activity of radiopharmaceuticals in nuclear medicine examination studies. The NDRLs were determined on the basis of the 75th percentile (third quartile) of administered activity distribution as recommended by the International Commission on Radiological Protection...

Parathyroid glands are small endocrine glands that regulate calcium metabolism by producing parathyroid hormone (PTH). These are located at the back of the thyroid gland. Typically, four glands comprise the parathyroid glands, although their numbers may vary among individuals. Parathyroid diseases are related to parathyroid gland dysfunction and can be caused by problems with the parathyroid gland itself or abnormal serum calcium levels arising from renal disease. In recent years, as comprehensive health checkups have become more common, abnormal serum calcium levels are often found incidentally in blood tests, after which several additional tests, including a PTH test, ultrasonography (US), technetium-99m sestamibi parathyroid scan, single-photon-emission CT (SPECT)/CT, four-dimensional CT (4D-CT), and PET/CT, are performed for further evaluation...

CONTEXT: Functional positron emission tomography (PET) imaging for the characterization of pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma (PCC/PGL) and for detection of metastases in malignant disease, offers valuable clinical insights that can significantly guide patient treatment. OBJECTIVE: This work aimed to evaluate a novel PET radiotracer, 3-[18 F]fluoro- para -hydroxyphenethylguanidine (3-[18 F]pHPG), a norepinephrine analogue, for its ability to localize PCC/PGL. METHODS: 3-[18 F]pHPG PET/CT whole-body scans were performed on 16 patients (8 male:8 female; mean age 47...

Tumor hypoxia plays an important role in the clinical management and treatment planning of various cancers. The use of 2-nitroimidazole-based radiopharmaceuticals has been the most successful for positron emission tomography (PET) and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging probes, offering noninvasive means to assess tumor hypoxia. In this study we performed detailed computational investigations of the most used compounds for PET imaging, focusing on those derived from 2-nitroimidazole: fluoromisonidazole (FMISO), fluoroazomycin arabinoside (FAZA), fluoroetanidazole (FETA), fluoroerythronitroimidazole (FETNIM) and 2-(2-nitroimidazol-1-yl)- N -(2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropyl)acetamide (EF5)...

Chemokines and chemokine receptors are indispensable to play a key role in the development of malignant tumors. As one of the most widely expressed chemokine receptors, chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 4 (CXCR4) has been a popular research focus. In most tumors, CXCR4 expression is significantly upregulated. Moreover, integrated nuclide diagnosis and therapy targeting CXCR4 show great potential. [68 Ga]Ga-pentixafor, a radioligand targeting CXCR4, exhibits a strong affinity for CXCR4 both in vivo and in vitro...

With the rapid development of medical imaging methods, multimodal medical image fusion techniques have caught the interest of researchers. The aim is to preserve information from diverse sensors using various models to generate a single informative image. The main challenge is to derive a trade-off between the spatial and spectral qualities of the resulting fused image and the computing efficiency. This article proposes a fast and reliable method for medical image fusion depending on multilevel Guided edge-preserving filtering (MLGEPF) decomposition rule...

BACKGROUND: Essential to a patient-centered approach to imaging individuals with chest pain is knowledge of differences in radiation effective dose across imaging modalities. Body mass index (BMI) is an important and underappreciated predictor of effective dose. This study evaluated the impact of BMI on estimated radiation exposure across imaging modalities. METHODS AND RESULTS: This was a retrospective analysis of patients with concern for cardiac ischemia undergoing positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT), cadmium zinc telluride single-photon emission CT (SPECT) myocardial perfusion imaging, or coronary CT angiography (CCTA) using state-of-the-art imaging modalities and optimal radiation-sparing protocols...

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) targeted therapy serves as an important therapeutic approach for renal cancer, but its clinical effectiveness is unsatisfactory. Moreover, there is a lack of reliable biomarkers for preoperative assessment of tumor VEGF expression. This study aimed to explore the potential for further applications of 177 Lu/89 Zr-labeled aflibercept (Abe), a VEGF-binding agent, in imaging visualization of VEGF expression and therapy for renal cancer. To determine specificity uptake in renal cancer, BALB/c mice with VEGF-expressing Renca tumor were intravenously injected with [89 Zr]Zr-Abe, [177 Lu]Lu-Abe, or Cy5...

BACKGROUND: A new generation of radiolabeled minigastrin analogs delivers low radiation doses to kidneys and are considered relatively stable due to less enzymatic degradation. Nevertheless, relatively low tumor radiation doses in patients indicate limited stability in humans. We aimed at evaluating the effect of sacubitril, an inhibitor of the neutral endopeptidase 1, on the stability and absorbed doses to tumors and organs by the cholecystokinin-2 receptor agonist [177 Lu]Lu-PP-F11N in patients...

INTRODUCTION: Amyloid deposition is a cause of restrictive cardiomyopathy. Patients who present with cardiac disease can be evaluated for transthyretin (TTR)-associated cardiac amyloidosis using nuclear imaging with 99mTc-labeled pyrophosphate (PYP); however, light chain-associated (AL) cardiac amyloid is generally not detected using this tracer. As an alternative, the amyloid-binding peptide p5+14 radiolabeled with iodine-124 has been shown to be an effective pan-amyloid radiotracer for PET/CT imaging...

BACKGROUND: Phenotypes of CANVAS are increasingly diversified, including bradykinesia and dysautonomia, so that its primary differential diagnoses are multiple system atrophy-cerebellar type (MSA-c), and spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3). This case series aims to highlight key molecular imaging findings in CANVAS. CASES: We report a case series of six patients with CANVAS who underwent nuclear medicine examinations in our center and 13 patients from the literature...

We investigated the importance of the carboxy group density in bone affinity during the development of peptide-based bone-seeking radiopharmaceuticals and carriers. Oligo-γ-carboxy glutamic acid peptides [(Gla) n ] with higher carboxy group density than oligo-glutamic acid peptides [(Glu) n ] and oligo-aspartic acid peptides [(Asp) n ] were chosen. Using the radiogallium chelator N,N' -bis-[2-hydroxy-5-(carboxyethyl)benzyl]ethylenediamine- N,N' -diacetic acid (HBED-CC), we synthesized [67 Ga]Ga-HBED-CC-(Gla) n ( n = 1, 2, 5, 8, 11, or 14) with high yields...

BACKGROUND: Gamma camera imaging, including single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), is crucial for research, diagnostics, and radionuclide therapy. Gamma cameras are predominantly based on arrays of photon multipliers tubes (PMTs) that read out NaI(Tl) scintillation crystals. In this way, standard gamma cameras can localize ɣ-rays with energies typically ranging from 30 to 360 keV. In the last decade, there has been an increasing interest towards gamma imaging outside this conventional clinical energy range, for example, for theragnostic applications and preclinical multi-isotope positron emission tomography (PET) and PET-SPECT...

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that affects millions of individuals globally. It is characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in Substantia Nigra pars compacta (SNc) and striatum. Neuroimaging techniques such as single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), positron emission tomography (PET), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) help diagnosing PD. In this study, the focus was on developing technetium-99 m ([99m Tc]Tc) radiolabeled drug delivery systems using plant-derived compounds for the diagnosis of PD...