cervix malignancy

KEY CLINICAL MESSAGE: Rhabdomyosarcoma of the female genital tract often involves the vagina and cervix. It usually occurs in infants and children. Such tumors are uncommon in the uterus, especially in adults. Treatment options are based on studies of younger individuals. ABSTRACT: Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is a malignant mesenchymal neoplasm with a tendency to differentiate into skeletal muscle cells. RMS is an aggressive tumor that tends to develop in children and younger patients...

INTRODUCTION: Treatment of recurrent oligometastatic gynecologic malignancy may involve targeted surgery, thermal ablation, or CT-guided high-dose-rate interstitial brachytherapy ablation (CT-HDR-IBTA). The purpose of this study was to describe the safety and efficacy of CT-HDR-IBTA for oligometastatic gynecologic malignancies. METHODS: With institutional review board approval (IRB) approval and compliance with the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA) compliance, we searched our database to assemble a single-arm study cohort of all patients with oligometastatic gynecologic cancers who underwent CT-HDR-IBTA from 2012-2022 with follow-up...

BACKGROUND: Concurrent chemoradiation is the standard treatment for advanced cervical cancer. However some patients still have a poor prognosis, and currently, there is no effective treatment for recurrence. In recent years, 125I seed implantation therapy has emerged as a treatment for advanced malignant tumors including surgically unresectable tumors, residual tumors after surgical resection, and metastatic tumors. However, the use of 125I seeds implantation in primary advanced cervical cancer has not been reported...

BACKGROUND: Cervical cancer is a malignant neoplasm that originates in the cervix, and it is a leading cause of mortality, with 270,000 deaths every year globally. Of these, 85% occur in developing countries, including Ethiopia. Routine cervical cancer screening and early treatment can prevent up to 80% of cervical cancers. Health professionals are expected to screen for and be screened for cervical cancer. However, there is limited information about the uptake of cervical cancer screening among health professionals in the study area...

Solitary necrotic nodule (SNN) of the liver is an uncommon and benign finding in liver pathology. Typically, it appears as a single and asymptomatic lesion, primarily located at the subcapsular region of the right lobe of the liver. Unfortunately, it is easy to mistake this benign lesion for a primary or secondary neoplastic lesion, making it a potential diagnosis pitfall for liver malignancies. The diagnosis of SNN can be difficult to determine as the imaging findings frequently lack specificity. This brings out the importance of histomorphological examination to accurately identify this lesion, and to rule out any possible malignancies...

Melanoma of the uterine cervix is an exceedingly rare malignancy that has high recurrence rates and distant metastases. In general, surgery is the preferred treatment for this tumor, and depending on stage additional consideration to radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Immunotherapy has emerged as a new treatment option in this context. The aim of this study was to report a case of melanoma of the uterine cervix that progressed rapidly to death while the patient was undergoing immunotherapy with nivolumab. A 39-year-old woman presented with an amelanotic ulcerated lesion of the uterine cervix in February of 2023...

BACKGROUND: In Japan, comprehensive cancer statistics data have been collected through national cancer registries, but these data are rarely summarized and reported in research articles. METHODS: Here, we compiled the national registry data on malignant tumors originating from gynecologic organs (ovary, corpus uteri, cervix uteri) in Japan. RESULTS: The number of new patients in 2019 was 13,380, 17,880, and 10,879, respectively, and the number of deaths in 2021 was 5081, 2741, and 2894, respectively...

T-cell lymphoma is an extremely rare form of malignancy in the female genital tract. Most of the reported cases of lymphoma are B-cell lymphomas. A few cases of primary T-cell lymphomas involving the vagina or the vulva have been reported. We are reporting the first case of anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) presenting as a uterine cervical mass. The patient is a 24-year-old female who presented to the emergency room with a history of menorrhagia, night sweats and 40-pound weight loss. The diagnosis of ALCL was confirmed through immunohistochemical studies with strong CD30 and ALK expression...

Malignant melanoma, primarily a cutaneous malignancy, can also involve mucosal surfaces and constitutes 2% to 7% of all gynecological malignancies. Primary melanoma of the uterine cervix is an uncommon tumor and has poor prognosis. In the female genital tract, the synchronous occurrence of primary malignant melanoma in the cervix and vagina is rare. We report a case of a 48-year-old female patient who presented with a blackish vaginal mass and associated growth in the cervix. Biopsy from the vaginal mass was reported as malignant melanoma...

Cervical cancer (CC) is a common gynecological malignancy. Despite the current screening methods have been proved effectively and significantly decreased CC morbidity and mortality, deficiencies still exist. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) approach can identify the complex and rare cell populations at single-cell resolution. By scRNA-seq, the heterogeneity of tumor microenvironment across cervical carcinogenesis has been mapped and described. Whether these alterations could be detected and applied to CC screening is unclear...

Human papillomaviruses (HPV) are a big group of infection agents with oncogenic potential, especially regarding squamous epithelium. Some high-risk variants are key in the development of squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) across multiple systems, the most affected of which is the female reproductive system, but also parts of the gastrointestinal tract, head, and neck SCC, and cutaneous and pulmonary (bronchogenic) SCCs. In cases where a patient develops two SCCs in different systems, often the main question is whether these tumors are synchronous, metachronous, or if one of the tumors is a metastasis from the other, with HPV testing and stereotype identification often being of aid in differentiating between these...

BACKGROUND: Increased malignancy frequency is well documented in adult-systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), but with limited reports in childhood-onset SLE (cSLE) series. We explored the frequency of malignancy associated with cSLE, describing clinical and demographic characteristics, disease activity and cumulative damage, by the time of malignancy diagnosis. METHOD: A retrospective case-notes review, in a nationwide cohort from 27 Pediatric Rheumatology centres, with descriptive biopsy-proven malignancy, disease activity/damage accrual, and immunosuppressive treatment were compiled in each participating centre, using a standard protocol...

Human papillomaviruses (HPVs), of which there are over 200 types, typically infect cells of the skin and mucosa. Most infections are cleared by the immune system without any intervention; however, in a small percentage of infected individuals, the virus persists, resulting in a variety of disorders. More specifically, 13 HPV types have been characterized as oncogenic because of their central role in the development of premalignant and malignant lesions of the oropharynx (mouth and throat), lower gastrointestinal tract (anus), and genital organs (uterine cervix, vagina, vulva, and penis)...

INTRODUCTION: The biosynthesis of tumor-associated sialoglycans involves Sialyltransferases expressed in cancer cells differentially. The current review aspires to bridge the existing knowledge gaps by consolidating evidence regarding the role of Sialyltransferases in gynecological malignant tumors (ovarian, cervix, endometrial, and breast). METHODS: In this systematic review, we searched databases, including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus and Cochrane Library...

Cervical cancer is a malignant tumor that occurs in the cervix of women and endangers their lives. In this study, we aimed to assess the roles of NUPR1 and TFE3 in cervical cancer. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database was used to assess the correlation between NUPR1 and TFE3 expression in cervical cancer. By silencing NUPR1 and TFE3, and through 3-MA treatment, we determined whether their silencing could lead to lysosomal dysfunction, thereby inhibiting autophagy and cervical cancer cell proliferation. Their roles were further analyzed using molecular biological methods...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the feasibility and outcomes of performing procedural interventions, defined as surgical resection, tumor ablation, or targeted radiation therapy, for oligoprogressive disease among patients with gynecologic malignancies who are treated with immune checkpoint blockade. METHODS: Patients with gynecologic cancers treated with immune checkpoint blockade between January 2013 and October 2021 who underwent procedural interventions including surgical resection, interventional radiology ablation, or radiation therapy for oligoprogressive disease were identified...

Over recent years, there has been significant progress in the development of immunotherapeutic molecules designed to block the PD-1/PD-L1 axis. These molecules have demonstrated their ability to enhance the immune response by prompting T cells to identify and suppress neoplastic cells. PD-L1 is a type 1 transmembrane protein ligand expressed on T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes, and antigen-presenting cells and is considered a key inhibitory checkpoint involved in cancer immune regulation. PD-L1 immunohistochemical expression in gynecological malignancies is extremely variable based on tumor stage and molecular subtypes...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expression level of tetratricopeptide repeat protein 9A in tumors and its association with the patients' prognosis and immune infiltration. METHODS: TTC9A expression in different tumor tissues and its association with prognosis, DNA methylation, tumor mutation burden (TMB), and microsatellite instability (MSI) were analyzed based on data from TCGA and GTEx. TIMER and xCell were used to analyze the relationship between TTC9A expression and immune infiltration...

Pathogenic variants (mutations) and other molecular events involving subunits of the SWItch/Sucrose Non-Fermentable chromatin remodelling complex are common in a wide variety of malignancies. Many of these neoplasms are characterized by undifferentiated morphology. They arise at a variety of sites in the female genital tract but have rarely been reported in the uterine cervix. We report 2 primary cervical neoplasms arising in young women (ages 28 and 29 yr) exhibiting loss of nuclear immunoreactivity with SMARCB1 (INI1)...

INTRODUCTION: Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide and is a major cause of morbidity. To deal with this magnitude of cancers and their diagnostic and prognostics, a multitude of prognostic biomarkers for various cancers have been explored over the decades, with detection of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in the peripheral blood being one of them. This study was undertaken to explore the routine procedure of cell block in the cytopathology lab to isolate and detect CTCs. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, 112 peripheral blood samples sent for routine blood investigations of various cancer patients were utilized for the preparation of cell block...