alpha 2 macroglobulin

The pathogenesis of glaucoma is still unknown. There are few studies on the dynamic change of tissue-specific and time-specific molecular pathophysiology caused by ocular hypertension (OHT). This study aimed to identify the early proteomic alterations in the retina, optic nerve head (ONH), and optic nerve (ON). After establishing a rat model of OHT, we harvested the tissues from control and glaucomatous eyes, and analyzed the changes in protein expression using a multiplexed quantitative proteomics approach (TMT-MS3)...

We report the proteomic profile of Epidermal Mucus (EM) from Labeo rohita and identified the differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) against Aeromonas hydrophila infection through label-free liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Using discovery-based proteomics, a total of 2039 proteins were quantified in nontreated group and 1,328 proteins in the treated group, of which 114 were identified as DAPs in both the groups. Of the 114 DAPs, 68 proteins were upregulated and 46 proteins were downregulated in the treated group compared to nontreated group...

The universal proteinase inhibitor α2-macroglobulin (α₂-MG) exhibiting antiviral and immunomodulatory activities, is considered as an important participant in the infectious process. The activity of α₂-MG in the new coronavirus infection and post-covid syndrome (long COVID) has not been studied yet. We examined 85 patients diagnosed with community-acquired bilateral polysegmental pneumonia developed under conditions of a new coronavirus infection SARS-CoV-2. For assessment of the post-COVID period, 60 patients were examined 5...

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) contain a variety of biomolecules and provide information about the cells that produce them. EVs from cancer cells found in urine can be used as biomarkers to detect cancer, enabling early diagnosis and treatment. The potential of alpha-2-macroglobulin (A2M) and clusterin (CLU) as novel diagnostic urinary EV (uEV) biomarkers for bladder cancer (BC) was demonstrated previously. To validate the diagnostic value of these proteins in uEVs in a large BC cohort, urine handling conditions before uEV isolation should be optimized during sample transportation from medical centers...

Under simulated physiological conditions, this study investigates the interaction between nutraceutical phycocyanobilin (PCB) and the universal anti-protease protein human alpha-2-macroglobulin (α2 M). Extensive molecular docking analyses on multiple α2M conformations, spectroscopic techniques, and α2M activity assays were utilized to examine the complex formation. The results revealed that for every protein conformation, two high energy binding sites exist: the first, conformationally independent, at the interface region between two monomer chains and the second, conformationally dependent, in the pocket composed of amino acids from four distinct domains (TED, RBD, CUB, and MG2) of the single protein chain...

This case report describes the successful treatment of neuroma pain in the setting of below knee amputations using alpha-2-macroglobulin (A2M). A 34-year-old female patient presented with 9 months of stump pain despite conservative treatment. The exam revealed persistent pain through rest periods and weight-bearing status during therapy. Ultrasound showed neuroma formation with neovascularization. The patient underwent two A2M hydrodissection treatments, 2 weeks apart. The patient reported significant pain relief...

Chandipura Virus is an emerging tropical pathogen with a high mortality rate among children. No mode of treatment or antivirals exists against CHPV infection due to little information regarding its host interaction. Studying viral pathogen interaction with its host can not only provide valuable information regarding its propagation strategy but also on which host proteins interact with the virus. Identifying these proteins and understanding their role in the infection process can provide more stable anti-viral targets...

Metastasis is a serious and often life-threatening condition, representing the leading cause of death among women with breast cancer (BC). Although the current clinical classification of BC is well-established, the addition of minimally invasive laboratory tests based on peripheral blood biomarkers that reflect pathological changes in the body is of utmost importance. In the current study, the serum proteome and lipidome profiles for 50 BC patients with (25) and without (25) metastasis were studied. Targeted proteomic analysis for concertation measurements of 125 proteins in the serum was performed via liquid chromatography-multiple reaction monitoring mass spectrometry (LC-MRM MS) using the BAK 125 kit (MRM Proteomics Inc...

In the present study, we investigated the interaction of alpha-2-macroglobulin (α2M) with naringenin using multi-spectroscopic, molecular docking, and molecular simulation approaches to identify the functional changes and structural variations in the α2M structure. Our study suggests that naringenin compromised α2M anti-proteinase activity. The results of absorption spectroscopy and fluorescence measurement showed that naringenin-α2M formed a complex with a binding constant of (kb )∼104 , indicative of moderate binding...

The brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has been recently shown to have activating effects in isolated platelets. However, BDNF circulates in plasma and a mechanism to preclude constant activation of platelets appears necessary. Hence, we investigated the mechanism regulating BDNF bioavailability in blood. Protein-protein interactions were predicted by molecular docking and validated through immunoprecipitation. Platelet aggregation was assessed using light transmission aggregometry with washed platelets in response to classical agonists or BDNF, in the absence or presence of alpha-2-macroglobulin (α2 M), and in platelet-rich plasma...

This study aimed to compare the proteomic profile of stimulated and unstimulated saliva samples from pregnant women with/without obesity and periodontitis. Pregnant women were allocated into four groups: with obesity and periodontitis (OP); with obesity but without periodontitis (OWP); with normal BMI but with periodontitis (NP); with normal BMI and without periodontitis (NWP). Stimulated saliva (SS) and unstimulated saliva (US) samples were collected, and salivary proteins were extracted and individually processed by proteomic analysis (nLC-ESI-MS/MS)...

Recent advances in proteomics technologies have enabled the analysis of thousands of proteins in a high-throughput manner. Mass spectrometry (MS) based proteomics uses a peptide-centric approach where biological samples undergo specific proteolytic digestion and then only unique peptides are used for protein identification and quantification. Considering the fact that a single protein may have multiple unique peptides and a number of different forms, it becomes essential to understand dynamic protein-peptide relationships to ensure robust and reliable peptide-centric protein analysis...

BACKGROUND: Predicting the long-term disability outcomes of multiple sclerosis (MS) cases is challenging. OBJECTIVE: We prospectively analysed our previous MS cohort with initial cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) proteomics data to reveal disability markers after 8.2±2.2 years of follow-up. METHODS: Patients with regular follow-up visits were assigned into two groups: those with an age-related MS severity (ARMSS) score ≥5 (unfavourable course group, N = 27) and ARMSS score <5 (favourable course group, N = 67)...

To explore the influence of separation from parents in childhood on suicide and self-injury behavior and psychological adjustment in adolescence. A total of 880 subjects were selected, including 197 students who were separated from their parents in childhood and 683 students who were not separated from their parents in childhood. The scores of psychological resilience, self-compassion, forgiveness and suicide and self-injury were investigated and analyzed. Logistic regression analysis was made on the relationship between suicide and self-injury behavior and psychological adjustment in adolescence...

In order to evaluate the effect of Clostridium butyricum (C. butyricum) feeding on intestinal microorganisms and protection against infection by Vibrio alginolyticus (V. alginolyticus) in Penaeus vannamei (P. vannamei). We set up two groups, CG30 (fed normal feed) and CB30 (fed feed supplemented with C. butyricum), for the 30d C. butyricum feeding test, and four groups, CG (CG30 group injected with PBS), CB (CB30 group injected with PBS), VACG (CG30 group injected with V. alginolyticus), and VACB (CB30 group injected with V...

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to use shotgun label-free tandem mass spectrometry (LF-MS/MS) to evaluate aqueous humor (AH) from horses with uveitis (UH) compared to ophthalmologically healthy horses (HH). ANIMALS STUDIED: Twelve horses diagnosed with uveitis based on ophthalmic examination and six ophthalmologically healthy horses (postmortem) purchased for teaching purposes. PROCEDURES: All horses received a complete ophthalmic examination and physical exam...

Detecting megadalton matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) ions in an ion trap mass spectrometer is a technical challenge. In this study, megadalton protein and polymer ions were successfully measured by MALDI linear ion trap mass spectrometer (LIT-MS) for the first time. The LIT-MS is comprised of a Thermo linear ion trap mass analyzer and a highly sensitive charge-sensing particle detector (CSPD). A newly designed radio frequency (rf) scan mode with dipolar resonance ejection techniques is proposed to extend the mass range of LIT-MS up to one million Thomson (Th)...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The diagnosis of alcoholic steatohepatitis (ASH) is based on liver biopsy, which is costly and invasive with non-negligible morbidity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of circulating cytokeratin 18 M65 fragment (K18-M65) alone or in association with other markers for the non-invasive diagnosis of ASH in patients ongoing alcohol withdrawal. METHODS: This study examined the serum level of K18-M65 in a test cohort of 196 patients...

BACKGROUND: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) immunological nonresponders (HIV/AIDS-INRs) whose CD4+ cell counts do not rebound after highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) treatment usually experience severely impaired immune function and high mortality. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has many advantages in the field of AIDS, especially its promotion of patients' immune reconstitution. Accurate differentiation of TCM syndromes is a prerequisite for guiding an effective TCM prescription...

Adipose tissue or fat tissue is a loose connective tissue that consists mainly of adipocytes. Adipocytes are classified on the basis of their secretory origin, differentiation, distribution, cell characteristics, such as amount of mitochondria, size and type of lipid droplets, and expression of uncoupled protein-1. Adipocytes secrete adipokines that are divided as white adipokines, brown adipokines and beige adipokines. Adipokines have been used as diagnostic and prognostic markers for different oral diseases...