keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38449620/coexistence-of-anti-nmdar-and-anti-iglon5-antibodies-in-an-autoimmune-encephalitis-patient-the-first-case-report
#21
Yu Tian, Lu Han, Cameron Lenahan, Tao Wang, Tian Tian, Rui Liu, Lijuan Liu, Jian Huang, Lu Wang, Xiao Hu
BACKGROUND: The coexistence of autoimmune encephalitis (AE) with multiple neural auto-antibodies is of great clinical significance because overlying antibodies may cause superposition or variation of clinical syndrome, which increases the difficulty of diagnosis and treatment of the disease. To the best of our knowledge, the coexistence of anti-N-methyl d-aspartate Receptor (NMDAR) and anti-IgLON5 antibodies in AE has not been published previously. CASE PRESENTATION: A 38-year-old female patient presented to our hospital due to headache and abnormal psychiatric behavior...
March 15, 2024: Heliyon
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38449616/thyroid-dysfunction-td-induced-by-pd-1-pd-l1-inhibitors-in-advanced-lung-cancer
#22
REVIEW
Yanling Wang, Xiaoxuan Yang, Jia Ma, Shenglan Chen, Ping Gong, Ping Dai
BACKGROUND: Thyroid Dysfunction (TD) is a common immune-related adverse events (irAEs) in the treatment of advanced lung cancer with programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and programmed death 1 ligand (PD-L1) inhibitors, with incidence accounting for 6-8% of all irAEs. The incidence of TD is receiving increasing attention from clinicians, given its potential impact on clinical efficacy. However, the molecular mechanisms, biomarkers, and clinical impact of TD resulting from PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor treatment in advanced lung cancer are unclear...
March 15, 2024: Heliyon
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38443603/anti-tumor-necrosis-factor-atnf-weaning-strategy-in-juvenile-idiopathic-arthritis-jia-does-duration-matter
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kai Liang Teh, Lena Das, Yun Xin Book, Sook Fun Hoh, Xiaocong Gao, Thaschawee Arkachaisri
BACKGROUND: To compare outcomes of a short and long weaning strategy of anti-tumor necrosis factor (aTNF) in our prospective juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) cohort. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: JIA patients on subcutaneous adalimumab with at least 6 months of follow-up were recruited (May 2010-Jan 2022). Once clinical remission on medication (CRM) was achieved, adalimumab was weaned according to two protocols-short (every 4-weekly for 6 months and stopped) and long (extending dosing interval by 2 weeks for three cycles until 12-weekly intervals and thereafter stopped) protocols...
March 5, 2024: Clinical Rheumatology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38443448/development-of-nk-cell-based-cancer-immunotherapies-through-receptor-engineering
#24
REVIEW
Audrey Page, Nicolas Chuvin, Jenny Valladeau-Guilemond, Stéphane Depil
Natural killer (NK) cell-based immunotherapies are attracting increasing interest in the field of cancer treatment. Early clinical trials have shown promising outcomes, alongside satisfactory product efficacy and safety. Recent developments have greatly increased the therapeutic potential of NK cells by endowing them with enhanced recognition and cytotoxic capacities. This review focuses on surface receptor engineering in NK cell therapy and discusses its impact, challenges, and future directions.Most approaches are based on engineering with chimeric antigen receptors to allow NK cells to target specific tumor antigens independent of human leukocyte antigen restriction...
March 5, 2024: Cellular & Molecular Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38436533/antibody-mediated-rejection-amr-in-pediatric-lung-transplantation-current-state-and-future-directions
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Christian Benden, Kathryn A Wikenheiser-Brokamp
Lung transplantation is considered as the ultimate therapy for children with advanced pulmonary disease. International data show a median conditional 1-year post-transplantation survival of 9.1 years. Recently, antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) has increasingly been recognized as an important cause of allograft dysfunction although pediatric reports are still scarce. Donor-specific anti-human leukocyte antigen (HLA) antibodies (DSA) are known to play a role in AMR development post-transplant but AMR pathogenesis is still poorly understood...
March 2024: Pediatric Transplantation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38436133/a-flexible-mouse-model-of-autoimmune-thyroiditis-induced-by-immunization-with-an-adenovirus-containing-full-length-thyroglobulin-cdna
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Aizhan Kozhakhmetova, Yaron Tomer, Mihaela Stefan-Lifshitz
The main challenge in the "post-GWAS" era is to determine the functional meaning of genetic variants and their contribution to disease pathogenesis. Development of suitable mouse models is critical because disease susceptibility is triggered by complex interactions between genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors that cannot be modeled by in vitro models. Thyroglobulin (TG) is a key gene for autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) and several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the TG coding region have been associated with AITD...
March 2024: Current protocols
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38433722/strong-humoral-response-after-covid-19-vaccination-correlates-with-the-common-hla-allele-a-03-01-and-protection-from-breakthrough-infection
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Roberto Crocchiolo, Coralie Frassati, Anna Maria Gallina, Pascal Pedini, Sandrine Maioli, Luca Veronese, Arianna Pani, Francesco Scaglione, Federico D'Amico, Lara Crucitti, Nicoletta Sacchi, Silvano Rossini, Christophe Picard
Few data exist on the role of genetic factors involving the HLA system on response to Covid-19 vaccines. Moving from suggestions of a previous study investigating the association of some HLA alleles with humoral response to BNT162b2, we here compared the HLA allele frequencies among weak (n = 111) and strong (n = 123) responders, defined as those healthcare workers with the lowest and the highest anti-Spike antibody levels after vaccination. Individuals with clinical history of Covid-19 or positive anti-nucleocapside antibodies were excluded...
March 2024: HLA
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38433035/current-approaches-for-risk-assessment-of-intestinal-transplant-patients-a-view-from-the-histocompatibility-laboratory
#28
REVIEW
Qingyong Xu, Adriana Zeevi, Armando Ganoza, Ruy J Cruz, George V Mazariegos
Despite its recent decline in volumes, intestinal transplantation remains an important option for patients with irreversible intestinal failures. The long-term outcome of an intestinal transplant has stagnated. The major cause of graft loss is rejection, resulting from mismatches in human leukocyte antigens (HLA) and the presence of antibodies to mismatched donor-specific HLA antigens (DSA). Literature has reported that DSAs, either preformed before transplantation or developed de novo after transplantation, are harmful to intestinal grafts, especially for those without combined liver grafts...
March 2, 2024: Human Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38431839/protocol-for-structural-modeling-of-antibody-to-human-leukocyte-antigen-interaction-using-discovery-and-targeted-cross-linking-mass-spectrometry
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zheng Ser, Nicholas R J Gascoigne, Paul A MacAry, Radoslaw M Sobota
Cross-linking mass spectrometry (XL-MS) provides low-resolution structural information to model protein structures. Here, we present a protocol to identify cross-links of purified antibody binding to purified human leukocyte antigen (HLA). We describe steps for using a discovery-based XL-MS approach followed by a targeted XL-MS approach. We then detail procedures for using the identified cross-links with other structural data for molecular docking of the antibody to HLA. This protocol has applications for modeling the interacting structure of purified antibody to antigen...
March 1, 2024: STAR protocols
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38425314/hla-dqb1-05-subtypes-and-not-drb1-10-01-mediates-risk-in-anti-iglon5-disease
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Selina M Yogeshwar, Sergio Muñiz-Castrillo, Lidia Sabater, Vicente Peris-Sempere, Vamsee Mallajosyula, Guo Luo, Han Yan, Eric Yu, Jing Zhang, Ling Lin, Flavia Fagundes Bueno, Xuhuai Ji, Géraldine Picard, Véronique Rogemond, Anne Laurie Pinto, Anna Heidbreder, Romana Höftberger, Francesc Graus, Josep Dalmau, Joan Santamaria, Alex Iranzo, Bettina Schreiner, Maria Pia Giannoccaro, Rocco Liguori, Takayoshi Shimohata, Akio Kimura, Yoya Ono, Sophie Binks, Sara Mariotto, Alessandro Dinoto, Michael Bonello, Christian J Hartmann, Nicola Tambasco, Pasquale Nigro, Harald Prüss, Andrew McKeon, Mark M Davis, Sarosh R Irani, Jérôme Honnorat, Carles Gaig, Carsten Finke, Emmanuel Mignot
Anti-IgLON5 disease is a rare and likely underdiagnosed subtype of autoimmune encephalitis. The disease displays a heterogeneous phenotype that includes sleep, movement, and bulbar-associated dysfunction. Presence of IgLON5-antibodies in CSF/serum, together with a strong association with HLA-DRB1*10:01∼DQB1*05:01, support an autoimmune basis. In this study, a multicentric HLA study of 87 anti-IgLON5 patients revealed a stronger association with HLA-DQ than HLA-DR. Specifically, we identified a predisposing rank-wise association with HLA-DQA1*01:05∼DQB1*05:01, HLA-DQA1*01:01∼DQB1*05:01 and HLA-DQA1*01:04∼DQB1*05:03 in 85% of patients...
March 1, 2024: Brain
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38422742/the-investigation-of-killer-cell-immunoglobulin-like-receptors-kirs-and-their-hla-ligands-in-iranian-patients-with-myasthenia-gravis
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mobina Jalalvand, Fereshteh Beigmohammadi, Samaneh Soltani, Soroush Ehsan, Sahebeh Rajabkhah, Elham Madreseh, Maryam Akhtari, Ahmadreza Jamshidi, Elham Farhadi, Mahdi Mahmoudi, Shahriar Nafissi
BACKGROUND: Myasthenia gravis (MG) is a disabling disease with the underlying pathophysiology of auto-antibodies attacking the postsynaptic acetylcholine receptors of neuromuscular junctions causing muscle weakness. Natural killer (NK) cells are innate immune cells that play an important regulative role in immune responses. The human killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) family is one of the receptors on NK cells that can either activate or inhibit NK cells. This study aimed to assess the possible role of KIR and their human leukocyte antigen (HLA) ligand genes susceptibility to MG in Iranian patients...
February 13, 2024: Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38420129/innate-immune-cell-activation-after-hiv-1-vaccine-administration-is-associated-with-increased-antibody-production
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kombo F N'guessan, Kawthar Machmach, Isabella Swafford, Margaret C Costanzo, Lindsay Wieczorek, Dohoon Kim, Siriwat Akapirat, Victoria R Polonis, Punnee Pitisuttithum, Sorachai Nitayaphan, Sanjay Gurunathan, Faruk Sinangil, Suwat Chariyalertsak, Julie A Ake, Robert J O'connell, Sandhya Vasan, Dominic Paquin-Proulx
The RV144 Thai phase III clinical trial's canarypox-protein HIV vaccine regimen showed modest efficacy in reducing infection. We therefore sought to determine the effects of vaccine administration on innate cell activation and subsequent associations with vaccine-induced immune responses. RV306 was a randomized, double-blind clinical trial in HIV-uninfected Thai adults that tested delayed boosting following the RV144 regimen. PBMC collected from RV306 participants prior to and 3 days after the last boost were used to investigate innate immune cell activation...
2024: Frontiers in Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38418315/including-the-liver-in-the-visceral-allograft-impact-on-donor-specific-anti-hla-antibodies-and-long-term-outcomes
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dace Abele, Markus Gäbel, Mihai Oltean, Jonas Varkey, Johan Mölne, Nils Ekwall, Helena Borg, Hanna Jacobsson, Jan Holgersson, Gustaf Herlenius
Humoral immunity emerges as a risk factor for graft failure after visceral transplantation (VTx) and development of donor-specific anti-HLA antibodies (DSAs) has been linked with poor outcomes. In most cases, a simultaneous liver transplant can be safely performed in sensitized patients with DSA and appears protective against lymphocytotoxic antibodies. We investigated the incidence of acute (AR) and chronic rejection (CR) in 32 VTx without any B cell-depleting pre-treatment (6 isolated intestinal transplants (IT) and 26 liver-containing, multivisceral transplants (MVT) and assessed the presence of donor-specific antibodies (DSA) pre- and post-transplantation...
February 27, 2024: Human Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38414976/enhanced-donor-antigen-presentation-by-b-cells-predicts-acute-cellular-rejection-and-late-outcomes-after-transplantation
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chethan Ashokkumar, Mylarappa Ningappa, Vikram Raghu, George Mazariegos, Brandon W Higgs, Paul Morgan, Lisa Remaley, Tamara Fazzolare Martin, Pamela Holzer, Kevin Trostle, Qingyong Xu, Adriana Zeevi, James Squires, Kyle Soltys, Simon Horslen, Ajai Khanna, Armando Ganoza, Rakesh Sindhi
BACKGROUND: Enhanced B-cell presentation of donor alloantigen relative to presentation of HLA-mismatched reference alloantigen is associated with acute cellular rejection (ACR), when expressed as a ratio called the antigen presenting index (API) in an exploratory cohort of liver and intestine transplant (LT and IT) recipients. METHODS: To test clinical performance, we measured the API using the previously described 6-h assay in 84 LT and 54 IT recipients with median age 3...
March 2024: Transplantation Direct
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38414708/dupilumab-related-diabetes-mellitus-with-reversal-of-symptoms-in-a-non-genetically-predisposed-patient
#35
Tanner C Blaylock, Daniel Leon
Dupilumab is a fully humanized monoclonal antibody that binds to IL-4 receptors and blocks IL-4 and IL-13 mediated T-helper 2 (Th2) responses. Dupilumab is estimated to be used by over 600,000 patients worldwide for the treatment of atopic dermatitis and other immunologic conditions. Recently, a 66-year-old male patient being treated for atopic dermatitis with dupilumab presented to the clinic with complaints of polyuria and polydipsia. Upon initial testing, the patient was found to have considerable hyperglycemia...
January 2024: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38412870/expansion-of-hla-dr-peripheral-helper-t-and-na%C3%A3-ve-b-cells-in-anti-citrullinated-protein-antibody-positive-subjects-at-risk-for-rheumatoid-arthritis
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hideto Takada, M Kristen Demoruelle, Kevin D Deane, Shohei Nakamura, Yasuhiro Katsumata, Katsunori Ikari, Jane H Buckner, William H Robinson, Jennifer A Seifert, Marie L Feser, LauraKay Moss, Jill M Norris, Masayoshi Harigai, Elena W Y Hsieh, V Michael Holers, Yuko Okamoto
OBJECTIVES: To investigate immune dysregulation in the peripheral blood that contributes to the pre-rheumatoid arthritis (RA) stage of RA development in anti-citrullinated protein antibody (ACPA)+ individuals. METHODS: Using 37 markers by mass cytometry, we investigated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from ACPA+ at-risk individuals (ARI), ACPA+ early untreated RA patients, and ACPA- controls in the Tokyo Women's Medical University (TWMU) cohort (n = 17 in each group)...
February 27, 2024: Arthritis & Rheumatology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38412143/immunocapture-of-cell-surface-proteins-embedded-in-hiv-envelopes-uncovers-considerable-virion-genetic-diversity-associated-with-different-source-cell-types
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sarah Sabour, Jin-Fen Li, Jonathan T Lipscomb, Ariana P Santos Tino, Jeffrey A Johnson
HIV particles in the blood largely originate from activated lymphocytes and can overshadow variants which may be expressed from other cell types. Investigations of virus persistence must be able to distinguish cells refractory to viral clearance that serve as reservoirs. To investigate additional cell types that may be associated with in vivo HIV expression we developed a virus particle immunomagnetic capture method targeting several markers of cellular origin that become embedded within virion envelopes during budding...
2024: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38407610/natural-history-of-human-platelet-antigen-1a-alloimmunised-pregnancies-a-prospective-observational-cohort-study
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Thijs W de Vos, Dian Winkelhorst, Leendert Porcelijn, Mila Beaufort, Gonda Oldert, Johanna G van der Bom, Enrico Lopriore, Dick Oepkes, Masja de Haas, Ellen van der Schoot
BACKGROUND: Fetal and neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (FNAIT) is a rare disease that untreated can lead to intracranial haemorrhage or death. The natural history of FNAIT is still unclear; therefore, the benefits of screening cannot be estimated and no routine screening is yet in place. We aimed to assess the incidence of clinically detectable FNAIT among pregnancies in human platelet antigen-1a (HPA-1a)-immunised women. METHODS: We did a prospective observational cohort study of pregnant women negative for rhesus D (RhD) and rhesus c (Rhc) antigens, without age limits, who underwent routine antenatal screening for red cell antibodies at 27 weeks' gestation and were typed for HPA-1a between March 1, 2017, and May 1, 2020...
December 2023: Lancet Haematology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38405993/a-genome-wide-association-study-suggests-new-susceptibility-loci-for-primary-antiphospholipid-syndrome
#39
Desiré Casares-Marfil, Manuel Martínez-Bueno, Maria Orietta Borghi, Guillermo Pons-Estel, Guillermo Reales, Yu Zuo, Gerard Espinosa, Timothy Radstake, Lucas L van den Hoogen, Chris Wallace, Joel Guthridge, Judith A James, Ricard Cervera, Pier Luigi Meroni, Javier Martin, Jason S Knight, Marta E Alarcón-Riquelme, Amr H Sawalha
OBJECTIVES: Primary antiphospholipid syndrome (PAPS) is a rare autoimmune disease characterized by the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies and the occurrence of thrombotic events and pregnancy complications. Our study aimed to identify novel genetic susceptibility loci associated with PAPS. METHODS: We performed a genome-wide association study comprising 5,485 individuals (482 affected individuals) of European ancestry. Significant and suggestive independent variants from a meta-analysis of approximately 7 million variants were evaluated for functional and biological process enrichment...
December 5, 2023: medRxiv
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38404840/impact-of-covid-19-pandemic-on-transplant-laboratories-how-to-mitigate
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rabab Ali Al Attas, Raha AlDhafir, Amani Mohammed, Dalal AlAbduladheem, Mohammad Awaji, Kenana AlAjlan, Ahmed AlOtaibi, Rafah Bamrdouf, Abdulnaser Alabadi
A positive flow cytometry crossmatch (FCXM) due to donor specific antibodies (DSA) constitutes a risk for kidney transplantation; such a finding may indicates an unacceptable donor for this patient. However, positive FCXM in the absence of DSA is considered discordant and need further investigations. During COVID-19 pandemic, we observed 22% discordant results out of 445 FCXM performed during eight months period in our laboratory and another 7% were invalid due to high background negative control (NC). No study has addressed the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on FCXM and the overall pre-kidney transplant workups or described a solution to deal with these non-specific reactivities...
February 29, 2024: Heliyon
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