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Peri-implantitis (PI) is a chronic, inflammatory, and infectious disease which affects dental implants and has certain similarities to periodontitis (PD). Evidence has shown that PD may be related to several types of systemic disorders, such as diabetes and insulin resistance, cardiovascular diseases, respiratory tract infections, adverse pregnancy outcomes, and neurological disorders. Furthermore, some types of bacteria in PD can also be found in PI, leading to certain similarities in the immunoinflammatory responses in the host...

N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2) genetic polymorphisms might alter isoniazid metabolism leading to toxicity. We reviewed the impact of NAT2 genotype status on the pharmacokinetics, efficacy, and safety of isoniazid, a treatment for tuberculosis (TB). A systematic search for research articles published in Scopus, PubMed, and Embase until August 31, 2023, was conducted without filters or limits on the following search terms and Boolean operators: "isoniazid" AND "NAT2." Studies were selected if NAT2 phenotypes with pharmacokinetics or efficacy or safety of isoniazid in patients with TB were reported...

Efficient recycling of resources forms the cornerstone of sustainable development. Among multiple options in stock for waste recycling, vermicomposting technology is regarded as a futuristic strategy, being tested in every part of the globe due to easy accessibility. Hence, a bibliometric study was planned to set a sight on global scientific trends encompassing vermicomposting research in last three decades. The data were retrieved from Google Scholar, Scopus and PubMed. Publications from different search engines were filtered out and 2064 unique documents were collected and illustrated in MS Excel and Vos-viewer...

BACKGROUND: Reported drug allergies are commonly encountered by surgeons and can lead to uncertainty in selecting an appropriate agent due to concerns of associated risks with related and cross-reactive drugs. This uncertainty can ultimately lead to increased infection rates. METHODS: A literature review was conducted in PubMed using a combination of the terms "allergy," "allergic reaction," "anaphylaxis," and "surgery," "surgical," or "operating room" for articles published within the last 10 years...

BACKGROUND: Neutrophilic cells are among the most abundant immune populations within the head and neck tumor microenvironment (TME) and harbor multiple mechanisms of immunosuppression. Despite these important features, neutrophilic cells may be underrepresented in contemporary studies that aim to comprehensively characterize the immune landscape of the TME due to discrepancies in tissue processing and analysis techniques. Here, we review the role of pathologically activated neutrophilic cells within the TME and pitfalls of various approaches used to study their frequency and function in clinical samples...

BACKGROUND: Schistosomiasis is endemic in Nigeria, and the treatment is largely concentrated on children enrolled in schools. Consequently, the coverage of non-enrolled school-aged children is often neglected. Ajagba and Awosan are two communities in Nigeria that have never had any control intervention. Hence, this survey was designed to determine the endemicity of urogenital schistosomiasis and to evaluate the efficacy of a single-dose praziquantel in the communities. METHODS: Urine sample (10 mL) of each participant from Ajagba and Awosan communities was filtered through 12μm polycarbonate filter...

With the escalating severity of environmental pollution caused by effluent, the wastewater treatment process (WWTP) has gained significant attention. The wastewater treatment efficiency and effluent quality are significantly impacted by effluent scheduling that adjusts the hydraulic retention time. However, the sequential batch and continuous nature of the effluent pose challenges, resulting in complex scheduling models with strong constraints that are difficult to tackle using existing scheduling methods. To optimize maximum completion time and effluent quality simultaneously, this article proposes a restructured set-based discrete particle swarm optimization (RS-DPSO) algorithm to address the WWTP effluent scheduling problem (WWTP-ESP)...

INTRODUCTION: Inferior vena cava (IVC) filters act in preventing pulmonary embolisms (PE). Various complications have been reported with their use. However, a credible urological complication rate, filter characteristics, and clinical presentation has yet to be summarized. Thus, we reported these complications in the form of a systematic review. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION: A search strategy was designed using PubMed, MEDLINE, and EMBASE on February 10th , 2022. The design of this search strategy did not include any language restrictions...

Algorithm audits have increased in recent years due to a growing need to independently assess the performance of automatically curated services that process, filter and rank the large and dynamic amount of information available on the Internet. Among several methodologies to perform such audits, virtual agents stand out because they offer the ability to perform systematic experiments, simulating human behaviour without the associated costs of recruiting participants. Motivated by the importance of research transparency and replicability of results, this article focuses on the challenges of such an approach...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: There are significant challenges when obtaining clinical and economic evidence for health technology assessments of rare diseases. Many of them have been highlighted in previous systematic reviews but they have not been summarised in a comprehensive manner. For all stakeholders working with rare diseases, it is important to be aware and understand these issues. The objective of this review is to identify the main challenges for the economic evaluation of orphan drugs in rare diseases...

Cyclin-dependent kinase 8 (CDK8) has emerged as a promising target for inhibiting cancer cell function, intensifying efforts towards the development of CDK8 inhibitors as potential cancer therapeutics. Mutations in CDK8, a protein kinase, are also implicated as a primary factor associated with tumor formation. In this study, we identified potential inhibitors through virtual screening for CDK8 and single amino acid mutations in CDK8, namely D173A (Aspartate 173 mutate to Alanine), D189N (Aspartate 189 mutate to Asparagine), T196A (Threonine 196 mutate to Alanine) and T196D (Threonine 196 mutate to Aspartate)...

This paper develops a new hybrid, automated, and non-invasive approach by combining hyper-spectral imaging, Savitzky-Golay (SG) Filter, Principal Components Analysis (PCA), Machine Learning (ML) classifiers/regressors, and stacking generalization methods to detect sugar in honey. First, the 32 different sugar concentration levels in honey were predicted using various ML regressors. Second, the six ranges of sugar were classified using various classifiers. Third, the 11 types of honey and 100% sugar were classified using classifiers...

Melatonin (N-acetyl-5 methoxytryptamine) is an indolic neurohormone that modulates a variety of physiological functions due to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunoregulatory properties. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to critically review the effects of melatonin supplementation in sports performance and circulating biomarkers related to the health status of highly trained athletes. Data were obtained by performing searches in the following three bibliography databases: Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus...

This paper proposes a model predictive control (MPC) scheme based on linear parameter variation to enhance the damping control of speed-dependent active suspensions. The controller is developed by introducing a speed-dependent term, specifically front- and rear-wheel time delays, to the half-car model using the Padé approximation. Subsequently, the model is augmented with time-varying parameter dependence. An adaptive Kalman filter based on variance matching is employed to estimate system states affected by imprecise sensor measurement noise...

BACKGROUND: Sentinel lymph node biopsy in breast cancer is considered the standard of staging in cases of clinically negative lymph nodes. Its omission in favor of axillary dissection generates significant morbidity. OBJECTIVE: To determine the total number of sentinel node biopsy procedures in breast cancer in Colombia from 2017 through 2020, model and analyze them as if they were performed only in stage I breast cancer patients, and integrate their results into the concepts of quality of medical care...

The presence of feathers is a vital characteristic among birds, yet most modern birds had no feather on their feet. The discoveries of feathers on the hind limbs of basal birds and dinosaurs have sparked an interest in the evolutionary origin and genetic mechanism of feathered feet. However, the majority of studies investigating the genes associated with this trait focused on domestic populations. Understanding the genetic mechanism underpinned feathered-foot development in wild birds is still in its infancy...

Optical systems use acousto-optic deflectors (AODs) mostly for fast angular scanning and spectral filtering of laser beams. However, AODs may transform laser light in much broader ways. When time-locked to the pulsing of low repetition rate laser amplifiers, AODs permit the holographic reconstruction of 1D and pseudo-two-dimensional (ps2D) intensity objects of rectangular shape by controlling the amplitude and phase of the light field at high (20-200 kHz) rates for microscopic light patterning. Using iterative Fourier transformations (IFTs), we searched for AOD-compatible holograms to reconstruct the given ps2D target patterns through either phase-only or complex light field modulation...

BACKGROUND: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the most common reason for mortality and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) lost globally. This study aimed to suggest a new gene list for the treatment of CAD by a systematic review of bioinformatics analyses of pharmacogenomics impacts of potential genes and variants. METHODS: PubMed search was filtered by the title including Coronary Artery Disease during 2020-2023. To find the genes with pharmacogenetic impact on the CAD, additional filtrations were considered according to the variant annotations...

The IUPAC International Chemical Identifier (InChI) is a structure-based chemical identifier that encodes various aspects of a chemical structure into a hierarchically layered line notation. Because InChI is non-proprietary, open-source, and freely available to everyone, it is adopted in popular chemical information resources and software programs. This paper describes the InChI Open Education Resource (OER) (https://www.inchi-trust.org/oer/), designed to provide educators and other interested parties with resources, training material, and information related to InChI...

The prevalence of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is increasing as the population ages, and patients with AD have a poor prognosis. However, knowledge on factors for predicting the survival of AD remains sparse. Here, we aimed to systematically explore predictors of AD survival. We searched the PubMed, Embase and Cochrane databases for relevant literature from inception to December 2022. Cohort and case-control studies were selected, and multivariable adjusted relative risks (RRs) were pooled by random-effects models...