Management liquid pediatric intensive care

Background: Plasma is stored at -30°C, which requires thawing before transfusion, causing a time delay between ordering and issuing of at least 30 min. In case of bleeding emergencies, guidelines strongly recommend a 2:1 transfusion ratio of RBCs and plasma. In addition, each minute delay in issuing of blood products in bleeding emergencies increases the mortality risk. To provide plasma in time in bleeding emergencies, a thawed plasma bank was introduced in 2011. Summary: The thawed plasma bank of University Medicine Greifswald has provided 18,924 thawed stored plasma units between 2011 and 2020...

BACKGROUND: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a significant cause of mortality and morbidity amongst critically ill children. The purpose of this narrative review is to provide an up-to-date review on the evaluation and management of paediatric ARDS (PARDS). METHODS: A PubMed search was performed with Clinical Queries using the key term "acute respiratory distress syndrome". The search strategy included clinical trials, meta-analyses, randomized controlled trials, observational studies and reviews...

Acute appendicitis is a grave and life-threatening condition in children, accounting for one to two cases per 10,000 in children less than four years' old. Prompt diagnosis and management are imperative to prevent serious complications, such as abscess formation, perforation, bowel obstruction, peritonitis, and sepsis. In young children, however, the diagnosis of this condition is challenging. The delayed utilization of imaging may further delay the diagnosis due to concerns of exposure to ionizing radiation...

Objective: To investigate the current application status of continuous blood purification (CBP) technology and equipment in pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) in China. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted to understand the current popularization of CBP technology and equipment, the management of CBP equipment and consumables, and the application of CBP in different diseases. A questionnaire named Application Status of Continuous Blood Purification Technology was applied. Children's hospitals and polyclinic hospitals with the pediatric qualification (pediatric emergency or critical care unit members of Chinese Medical Association and Chinese Medical Doctor Association) were selected...

INTRODUCTION: Blood gas (BG) analysis is required for management of critically ill patients in emergency and intensive care units. BG parameters can be affected by the type of heparin formulations used-liquid heparin (LH) or dry balanced heparin (DBH). This study was conducted to determine whether blood gas, electrolyte, and metabolite estimations performed by using DBH and LH are comparable. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective study was conducted at pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) of a tertiary care hospital...

OBJECTIVE: To provide a state-of-the-art review of high-frequency oscillatory ventilation in the management of pediatric patients with respiratory failure. DATA SOURCES: A thorough analysis of the preclinical and clinical literature regarding the pathophysiology of respiratory failure and the efficacy of high-frequency techniques in the neonatal and pediatric populations. DATA SYNTHESIS: After an overview of the introduction of high-frequency techniques, the following topical areas are addressed: device vs...

Intravascular devices (IVD) are indispensable in the care of the critical patient; even so, their use can be complicated by infection, which is generally associated with longer hospital stay and ensuing higher hospital costs. It is therefore imperative that guidelines are applied that constitute a basis of information upon which the individual facility can develop its own strategy. The strategy can be outlined under the following points: a) staff training, b) surveillance of IVD-associated infections, c) hand washing, d) barrier measures during catheter introduction and management, e) insertion site management and medication systems for the insertion site, f) choice and replacement of the IVD, g) replacement of intravenous administration devices and liquids, h) antimicrobial prophylaxis...

OBJECTIVE: The use of high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV) has increased dramatically in the management of respiratory failure in pediatric patients. We surveyed ten pediatric centers that frequently use high-frequency oscillation to describe current clinical practice and to examine factors related to improved outcomes. DESIGN: Retrospective, observational questionnaire study. SETTING: Ten tertiary care pediatric intensive care units...

OBJECTIVE: To describe the case of an adult patient with swallow syncope after bypass surgery, possibly related to hypoxia. DESIGN: Case report. SETTING: University hospital, medical-cardiologic intensive care unit. PATIENT: A 67-yr-old patient after second aortocoronary bypass operation for unstable angina. MAIN RESULTS: After the patient managed to extubate himself, he was in a borderline respiratory condition with an oxygen mask...

OBJECTIVE: To compare the postoperative course and complications after tonsillectomy or tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy in children with Down syndrome (group 1) with the postoperative course and complications in children in a control group (group 2). DESIGN: Retrospective review of medical records for the period January 1, 1986, through March 30, 1996. SETTING: Tertiary care children's hospital. PATIENTS: The study included 87 children in group 1 and 64 children in group 2 matched for age, sex, and year of surgery...

This article presents an overview of the varied modes of ventilation and supportive adjuncts for the pediatric patient. Ventilatory management has changed over the past few decades with the advent of high-frequency ventilation, pressure control-inverse ratio, pressure-regulated volume control, volume support, noninvasive bi-level pressure ventilation such as BiPAP, and the emergence of adjuncts to improve oxygenation such as surfactant, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, nitric oxide, and total and partial liquid ventilation...