MEN 1 syndrom

Background The carpal tunnel is a groove that spans the palm as a 'U.' The ulnar and radial sides of the wrist are made up of the scaphoid tubercle and trapezium while the palmar aspect is made up of carpal bones. Our study aimed to see whether there were differences in carpal tunnel size between men and women. Material and methods The study was conducted on 65 healthy adults, 13 (20%) were males and 52 (80%) were females (both non-pregnant and pregnant). Inclusion criteria were healthy adults and bilaterally symmetrical limbs...

AIMS: Drug-refractory electrical storm (ES) is a life-threatening medical emergency. We describe the use of venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) in drug-refractory ES without a reversible trigger, for which specific guideline recommendations are still lacking. METHODS AND RESULTS: Retrospective observational study in four Iberian centres on the indications, treatment, complications, and outcome of drug-refractory ES not associated with acute coronary syndromes, decompensated heart failure, drug toxicity, electrolyte disturbances, endocrine emergencies, concomitant acute illness with fever, or poor compliance with anti-arrhythmic drugs, requiring VA-ECMO for circulatory support...

Gastric neuroendocrine neoplasms (gNENs) display peculiar site-specific features among all NENs. Their incidence and prevalence have been rising in the past few decades. gNENs comprise gastric neuroendocrine carcinomas (gNECs) and gastric neuroendocrine tumours (gNETs), the latter further classified into three types. Type I anatype II gNETs are gastrin-dependent and develop in chronic atrophic gastritis and as part of Zollinger-Ellison syndrome within a multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 syndrome (MEN1), respectively...

BACKGROUND: Acute coronary syndrome and sudden cardiac death are often caused by rupture and thrombosis of lipid-rich atherosclerotic coronary plaques (known as vulnerable plaques), many of which are non-flow-limiting. The safety and effectiveness of focal preventive therapy with percutaneous coronary intervention of vulnerable plaques in reducing adverse cardiac events are unknown. We aimed to assess whether preventive percutaneous coronary intervention of non-flow-limiting vulnerable plaques improves clinical outcomes compared with optimal medical therapy alone...

BACKGROUND: Renal cell carcinoma is the third most common tumor among urological tumors. In Germany more than 14,000 people are affected every year. The sex ratio is 2/3 men and 1/3 women. OBJECTIVES: The S3 guideline is intended to provide all disciplines dealing with renal cell carcinoma with the current status of diagnostics, therapy and follow-up care of the patients with this tumor. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The first version of the German guideline on renal cell carcinoma was published in 2015...

BACKGROUND: Metabolic dysfunction and obesity are closely related to chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, studies on the relationship between various metabolic syndrome-body mass index (MetS-BMI) phenotypes and the risk of CKD in the Chinese population have not yet been explored. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) 2015 were analyzed in this study. This study enrolled 12,054 participants. Participants were divided into six distinct groups according to their MetS-BMI status...

BACKGROUND: Early-onset diabetes appears to be an aggressive phenotype of type 2 diabetes (T2D). The impact of the age of onset of T2D on albuminuria, especially high urinary albumin excretion, remains to be investigated. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether adults diagnosed with T2D between the ages of 18 and 45 more aggressively develop albuminuria. METHODS: Conducted at Taizhou People's Hospital from November 2018 to August 2020, this cross-sectional study enrolled T2D patients...

BACKGROUND: Previous research has indicated that hypoglycemia during hospitalization is a predictor of unfavorable outcomes in patients with diabetes. However, no studies have examined the long-term impact of hypoglycemia in adults admitted for hyperglycemic crises. The study was aimed to investigate the long-term implications of hypoglycemia during hyperosmolar hyperglycemic crises, particularly in terms of all-cause mortality. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study included 170 patients (82 men [48...

High-risk coronary plaques (HRP) are characterized in clinical radiological imaging by the presence of low plaque attenuation, a napkin-ring sign (NRS), spotty calcifications (SC) and a positive remodeling index (RI). To evaluate if these signs are detectable in postmortem imaging by a multi-phase postmortem CT angiography (MPMCTA), a retrospective study of a series of autopsy well-documented coronary plaques related to sudden cardiac death (SCD) was performed. Then correlations between histological and radiological findings were described...

The COVID-19 pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus has made it clear that further development of antiviral therapies will be needed. Here, we describe small-molecule inhibitors for SARS-CoV-2 Mac1, which counters ADP-ribosylation-mediated innate immune responses. Three high-throughput screening hits had the same 2-amide-3-methylester thiophene scaffold. We studied the compound binding mode using X-ray crystallography, allowing us to design analogues. Compound 27 (MDOLL-0229) had an IC50 of 2...

OBJECTIVE: We aimed to compare the association of three novel inflammatory indicators with metabolic syndrome (MetS) among Mashhad stroke and heart atherosclerotic disorder (MASHAD) cohort participants. METHODS: According to the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria, the cohort participants were divided into the MetS(+) and MetS(-) groups. The lymphocyte to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) ratio (LHR), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) to HDL-C ratio (HCHR) and hs-CRP to lymphocyte ratio (HCLR) were calculated and were compared between the groups...

INTRODUCTION: Understanding mortality variability by age and cause is critical to identifying intervention and prevention actions to support disadvantaged populations. We assessed mortality changes in two rural South African populations over 25 years covering pre-AIDS and peak AIDS epidemic and subsequent antiretroviral therapy (ART) availability. METHODS: Using population surveillance data from the Agincourt Health and Socio-Demographic Surveillance System (AHDSS; 1994-2018) and Africa Health Research Institute (AHRI; 2000-2018) for 5-year periods, we calculated life expectancy from birth to age 85, mortality age distributions and variation, and life-years lost (LYL) decomposed into four cause-of-death groups...

BACKGROUND: Growth hormone (GH) resistance is characterized by high GH levels but low levels of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and growth hormone binding protein (GHBP) and, for patients with chronic disease, is associated with the development of cachexia. OBJECTIVES: We investigated whether GH resistance is associated with changes in left ventricular (LV) mass (cardiac wasting) in patients with cancer. METHODS: We measured plasma IGF-I, GH, and GHBP in 159 women and 148 men with cancer (83% stage III/IV)...

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to investigate mutations associated with, the causes of, and the conditions that contribute to HIV drug resistance (DR). This research provides crucial insights into the mechanisms through which HIV evades antiretroviral drugs and suggests strategies to counter this phenomenon. Our objective was to assess the prevalence and structure of DR in HIV-1 across various regions in Russia and identify the primary factors influencing the development of HIV DR. METHODS: The study used nucleotide sequences from the HIV-1 pol gene obtained from 1369 patients with a history of therapy and virological failure between 2005 and 2019 to analyze the frequency and structure of DR and the factors associated with it...

FOXG1 syndrome is a developmental encephalopathy caused by FOXG1 (Forkhead box G1) mutations, resulting in high phenotypic variability. However, the upstream transcriptional regulation of Foxg1 expression remains unclear. This report demonstrates that both deficiency and overexpression of Men1 (protein: menin, a pathogenic gene of MEN1 syndrome known as multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1) lead to autism-like behaviors, such as social defects, increased repetitive behaviors, and cognitive impairments. Multifaceted transcriptome analyses revealed that Foxg1 signaling is predominantly altered in Men1 deficiency mice, through its regulation of the Alpha Thalassemia/Mental Retardation Syndrome X-Linked (Atrx) factor...

PURPOSE: To investigate the safety and efficacy of large-bore uncovered stents for treating malignant superior vena cava syndrome. METHODS: This retrospective study included 115 patients (89 men, 26 women; mean age 63.2 years; range 21-83 years) who underwent endovascular large-bore (≥18 mm in diameter) uncovered stent placement between August 2015 and July 2022. One patient was lost to follow-up. Therefore, 114 patients were available for follow-up...

BACKGROUND: Although indicator condition (IC)-guided HIV testing (IC-HIVT) is effective at facilitating timely HIV diagnosis, research on IC categories and the related HIV risk in Taiwan is limited. To improve the adoption and spread of IC-HIVT in Taiwan, this study compared the IC categories of people living with HIV (PLWH) and non-HIV controls and investigated delays in the diagnosis of HIV infection. METHODS: This nationwide, retrospective, 1:10-matched case-control study analyzed data from the Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System and National Health Insurance Research Database to evaluate 42 ICs for the 5-year period preceding a matched HIV diagnostic date from 2009 to 2015...

BACKGROUND AND AIM: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak deeply affected intensive care units (ICUs). We aimed to explore the main changes in the distribution and characteristics of Swiss ICU patients during the first two COVID-19 waves and to relate these figures with those of the preceding two years. METHODS: Using the national ICU registry, we conducted an exploratory study to assess the number of ICU admissions in Switzerland and their changes over time, characteristics of the admissions, the length of stay (LOS) and its trend over time, ICU mortality and changes in therapeutic nursing workload and hospital resources in 2020 and compare them with the average figures in 2018 and 2019...

BACKGROUND: Despite being at elevated risk for HIV, men who have sex with transgender women (MSTW) are an overlooked population in the global HIV response. Venue-based HIV interventions have previously had success reaching other HIV priority populations, including transgender women (TW). Similar approaches could be applied for MSTW. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the prospective acceptability of venue-based HIV testing and prevention interventions for MSTW and TW in Lima, Peru...

OBJECTIVE: Understanding the physiological drivers of reduced cardiorespiratory fitness in people with HIV (PWH) will inform strategies to optimize healthspan. Chronotropic incompetence is common in heart failure and associated with low cardiorespiratory fitness yet is understudied in PWH. The objective was to determine the prevalence of chronotropic incompetence and its relationship with cardiorespiratory fitness. DESIGN: Participants were PWH at least 50 years of age with no prior history of heart failure or coronary heart disease who were enrolled in a randomized exercise trial...