keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38631066/genotypic-and-phenotypic-characteristics-of-candida-parapsilosis-bloodstream-isolates-health-care-associated-infections-in-a-teaching-hospital-in-italy
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Giuseppina Caggiano, Simona Fioriti, Gianluca Morroni, Francesca Apollonio, Francesco Triggiano, Gloria D'Achille, Pasquale Stefanizzi, Lidia Dalfino, Luigi Ronga, Adriana Mosca, Eleonora Sparapano, Carmela De Carlo, Fabio Signorile, Salvatore Grasso, Francesco Barchiesi, Maria Teresa Montagna
BACKGROUND: Candidemia is the most common healthcare associated invasive fungal infection. Over the last few decades, candidemia caused by Candida species other than Candida albicans, particularly the Candida parapsilosis complex, has emerged worldwide. The aims of this study were: to analyze the genotypic and phenotypic characteristics of C. parapsilosis strains isolated from blood cultures and the environment in a hospital in southern Italy, to study the possible source of infection and to correlate the isolated strains...
April 12, 2024: Journal of Infection and Public Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38630978/immunogenic-material-vaccine-for-cancer-immunotherapy-by-structure-dependent-immune-cell-trafficking-and-modulation
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wei Yang, Jianwei Cao, Sichen Di, Wenjin Chen, Hui Cheng, Hongze Ren, Yujie Xie, Liang Chen, Meihua Yu, Yu Chen, Xingang Cui
Inherently immunogenic materials offer enormous prospects in enhancing vaccine efficacy. However, the understanding and improving material adjuvanticity remain elusive. Herein we report how the structural presentation of immunopotentiators in a material governs the dynamic dialogue between innate and adaptive immunity for enhanced cancer vaccination. We precisely manipulate the immunopotentiator manganese into six differing structures that resemble the architectures of two types of pathogens (spherical viruses or rod-like bacteria)...
April 17, 2024: Advanced Materials
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38630967/antimicrobial-secondary-metabolites-and-antioxidant-activities-of-fungal-endophytes-associated-with-ziziphus%C3%A2-spina-christi-l-desf-nabq-leaves
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hala Montaser Farouk, Eman Zekry Attia, Gehan Mohamed Shaban, Usama Ramadan Abdelmohsen, Mo'men Hamed El-Katatny
A total of 20 endophytic fungi were isolated (ZSEFL1-ZSEFL20) from Ziziphus spina-christi (L.) Desf. (Nabq) leaves. Four isolates A2/ZSEFL2, Alternaria alternata , D/ZSEFL14, Aspergillus niger , E/ZSEFL15, Epicoccum nigrum , and S/ZSEFL19, Penicillium crustosum were found to show the most promising antimicrobial activities either in plug or disc diffusion screening assays against Gram-positive, Gram-negative bacteria and pathogenic fungi. Antimicrobial activity was tested against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213, Serratia marcescens ATCC 14764, Klebsiella pneumonia e ATCC 700603, Candida albicans ATCC 10231, and Fusarium oxysporum ATCC417...
April 17, 2024: Natural Product Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38630906/targeted-genotyping-for-recurring-variants-in-cancer-susceptibility-genes-in-non-ashkenazi-jewish-patients-with-breast-cancer-diagnosed-%C3%A2-50-years
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rinat Bernstein-Molho, Narmeen Abu Shhada, Yael Laitman, Iris Netzer, Shelley Shoval, Eitan Friedman
PURPOSE: Several recurring pathogenic variants (PVs) in BRCA1/BRCA2 and additional cancer susceptibility genes are described in the ethnically diverse Israeli population. Since 2019, testing for these recurring PVs is reimbursed unselectively for all patients with breast cancer (BC) in Israel. The aim was to evaluate the yield of genotyping for these PVs in non-Ashkenazi Jewish (AJ) patients with BC diagnosed ≥age 50 years. METHODS: Clinical and genotyping data of all patients with BC undergoing oncogenetic counseling at the Oncology Institute at Sheba Medical Center from June 2017 to December 2023 were reviewed...
April 17, 2024: Cancer
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38630895/a-very-rare-presentation-of-mitochondrial-elongation-factor-tu-deficiency-tufm-mutation-and-literature-review
#5
Sabire Gokalp, Asli Inci, Ayse Kilic, Ekin Ozsaydi, Ayse Nur Altun, Fevzi Demir, Filiz Basak Ergin, Mehmet Nuri Ozbek, Ilyas Okur, Fatih Ezgu, Leyla Tumer
OBJECTIVES: The mitochondrial elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu), encoded by the TUFM gene, is a GTPase, which is part of the mitochondrial protein translation mechanism. If it is activated, it delivers the aminoacyl-tRNAs to the mitochondrial ribosome. Here, a patient was described with a homozygous missense variant in the TUFM [c.1016G>A (p.Arg339Gln)] gene. To date, only six patients have been reported with bi-allelic pathogenic variants in TUFM, leading to combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency 4 (COXPD4) characterized by severe early-onset lactic acidosis, encephalopathy, and cardiomyopathy...
April 18, 2024: Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology & Metabolism: JPEM
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38630887/temporal-variations-in-international-air-travel-implications-for-modelling-the-spread-of-infectious-diseases
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jack Wardle, Sangeeta Bhatia, Anne Cori, Pierre Nouvellet
BACKGROUND: The international flight network creates multiple routes by which pathogens can quickly spread across the globe. In the early stages of infectious disease outbreaks, analyses using flight passenger data to identify countries at risk of importing the pathogen are common and can help inform disease control efforts. A challenge faced in this modelling is that the latest aviation statistics (referred to as contemporary data) are typically not immediately available. Therefore, flight patterns from a previous year are often used (referred to as historical data)...
March 17, 2024: Journal of Travel Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38630801/the-non-template-functions-of-helper-virus-rnas-create-optimal-replication-conditions-to-enhance-the-proliferation-of-satellite-rnas
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zimu Qiao, Jin Wang, Kaiyun Huang, Honghao Hu, Zhouhang Gu, Qiansheng Liao, Zhiyou Du
As a type of parasitic agent, satellite RNAs (satRNAs) rely on cognate helper viruses to achieve their replication and transmission. During the infection of satRNAs, helper virus RNAs serve as templates for synthesizing viral proteins, including the replication proteins essential for satRNA replication. However, the role of non-template functions of helper virus RNAs in satRNA replication remains unexploited. Here we employed the well-studied model that is composed of cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) and its associated satRNA...
April 17, 2024: PLoS Pathogens
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38630782/characterization-of-the-brain-virome-in-human-immunodeficiency-virus-infection-and-substance-use-disorder
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xin Dang, Barbara A Hanson, Zachary S Orban, Millenia Jimenez, Stephen Suchy, Igor J Koralnik
Viruses can infect the brain in individuals with and without HIV-infection: however, the brain virome is poorly characterized. Metabolic alterations have been identified which predispose people to substance use disorder (SUD), but whether these could be triggered by viral infection of the brain is unknown. We used a target-enrichment, deep sequencing platform and bioinformatic pipeline named "ViroFind", for the unbiased characterization of DNA and RNA viruses in brain samples obtained from the National Neuro-AIDS Tissue Consortium...
2024: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38630725/lipoarabinomannan-modification-as-a-source-of-phenotypic-heterogeneity-in-host-adapted-mycobacterium-abscessus-isolates
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kavita De, Juan M Belardinelli, Arun Prasad Pandurangan, Teddy Ehianeta, Elena Lian, Zuzana Palčeková, Ha Lam, Mercedes Gonzalez-Juarrero, Josephine M Bryant, Tom L Blundell, Julian Parkhill, R Andres Floto, Todd L Lowary, William H Wheat, Mary Jackson
Mycobacterium abscessus is increasingly recognized as the causative agent of chronic pulmonary infections in humans. One of the genes found to be under strong evolutionary pressure during adaptation of M. abscessus to the human lung is embC which encodes an arabinosyltransferase required for the biosynthesis of the cell envelope lipoglycan, lipoarabinomannan (LAM). To assess the impact of patient-derived embC mutations on the physiology and virulence of M. abscessus , mutations were introduced in the isogenic background of M...
April 23, 2024: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38630686/long-term-disgust-habituation-with-limited-generalisation-in-care-home-workers
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Charlotte Edgar, Faye Chan, Thomas Armstrong, Edwin S Dalmaijer
Countless workers handle bodily effluvia and body envelope violations every working day, and consequentially face deeply unpleasant levels of disgust. Understanding if and how they adapt can help inform policies to improve worker satisfaction and reduce staff turnover. So far, limited evidence exist that self-reported disgust is reduced (or lower to begin with) among those employed in high-disgust environments. However, it is unclear if this is due to demand effects or translates into real behavioural changes...
2024: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38630618/genetics-of-immune-response-to-epstein-barr-virus-prospects-for-multiple-sclerosis-pathogenesis
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jesse Huang, Katarina Tengvall, Izaura Bomfim Lima, Anna Karin Hedström, Julia Butt, Nicole Brenner, Alexandra Gyllenberg, Pernilla Stridh, Mohsen Khademi, Ingemar Ernberg, Faiez Al Nimer, Ali Manouchehrinia, Jan Hillert, Lars Alfredsson, Oluf Andersen, Peter Sundström, Tim Waterboer, Tomas Olsson, Ingrid Kockum
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection has been advocated as a prerequisite for developing multiple sclerosis (MS) and possibly the propagation of the disease. However, the precise mechanisms for such influences are still unclear. A large-scale study investigating the host genetics of EBV serology and related clinical manifestations, such as infectious mononucleosis (IM), may help us better understand the role of EBV in MS pathogenesis. This study evaluates the host genetic factors that influence serological response against EBV and history of IM and cross-evaluates them with MS risk and genetic susceptibility in the Swedish population...
April 17, 2024: Brain
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38630611/deep-learning-methods-in-metagenomics-a-review
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gaspar Roy, Edi Prifti, Eugeni Belda, Jean-Daniel Zucker
The ever-decreasing cost of sequencing and the growing potential applications of metagenomics have led to an unprecedented surge in data generation. One of the most prevalent applications of metagenomics is the study of microbial environments, such as the human gut. The gut microbiome plays a crucial role in human health, providing vital information for patient diagnosis and prognosis. However, analysing metagenomic data remains challenging due to several factors, including reference catalogues, sparsity and compositionality...
April 2024: Microbial Genomics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38630608/patterns-recovered-in-phylogenomic-analysis-of-candida-auris-and-close-relatives-implicate-broad-environmental-flexibility-in-candida-clavispora-clade-yeasts
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kyle Schutz, Tina Melie, Stacey D Smith, C Alisha Quandt
Fungal pathogens commonly originate from benign or non-pathogenic strains living in the natural environment. The recently emerged human pathogen, Candida auris, is one example of a fungus believed to have originated in the environment and recently transitioned into a clinical setting. To date, however, there is limited evidence about the origins of this species in the natural environment and when it began associating with humans. One approach to overcome this gap is to reconstruct phylogenetic relationships between (1) strains isolated from clinical and non-clinical environments and (2) between species known to cause disease in humans and benign environmental saprobes...
April 2024: Microbial Genomics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38630590/altered-gm1-catabolism-affects-nmdar-mediated-ca-2-signaling-at-er-pm-junctions-and-increases-synaptic-spine-formation-in-a-gm1-gangliosidosis-model
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jason A Weesner, Ida Annunziata, Diantha van de Vlekkert, Camenzind G Robinson, Yvan Campos, Ashutosh Mishra, Leigh E Fremuth, Elida Gomero, Huimin Hu, Alessandra d'Azzo
Endoplasmic reticulum-plasma membrane (ER-PM) junctions mediate Ca2+ flux across neuronal membranes. The properties of these membrane contact sites are defined by their lipid content, but little attention has been given to glycosphingolipids (GSLs). Here, we show that GM1-ganglioside, an abundant GSL in neuronal membranes, is integral to ER-PM junctions; it interacts with synaptic proteins/receptors and regulates Ca2+ signaling. In a model of the neurodegenerative lysosomal storage disease, GM1-gangliosidosis, pathogenic accumulation of GM1 at ER-PM junctions due to β-galactosidase deficiency drastically alters neuronal Ca2+ homeostasis...
April 16, 2024: Cell Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38630485/occurrence-of-black-queen-cell-virus-in-wild-bumble-bee-communities-in-china
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jin Xu, Zhengyi Zhang, Yulong Guo, Huipeng Yang, Xiaoying Li, Yueqin Guo, Huayan Zeng, Yueguo Wu, Jun Yao, Jilian Li
Wild bumble bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae) play a vital role in agro-ecosystems as important pollinators. However, they are threatened by virus pathogens that are widespread in honey bees. Previous studies have reported that viruses were able to be transmitted across bee genera and caused potential danger to wild bumble bees. China is a global biodiversity hotspot for bumble bees. However, the impact of viruses on the wild bumble bee communities remains elusive. Black queen cell virus (BQCV) is one of the most common honey bee viruses...
April 17, 2024: Journal of Economic Entomology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38630472/an-aluya5-insertion-in-the-3-utr-of-col4a1-and-cerebral-small-vessel-disease
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chaker Aloui, Lisa Neumann, Françoise Bergametti, Eric Sartori, Marc Herbreteau, Arnaud Maillard, Thibault Coste, Hélène Morel, Dominique Hervé, Hugues Chabriat, Serge Timsit, Irina Viakhireva, Yves Denoyer, Rémi Allibert, Florence Demurger, Cedric Gollion, Patrick Vermersch, Florence Marchelli, Corinne Blugeon, Sophie Lemoine, Claire Tourtier-Bellosta, Alexis Brouazin, Anne-Louise Leutenegger, Eva Pipiras, Elisabeth Tournier-Lasserve
IMPORTANCE: Cerebral small vessel diseases (CSVDs) account for one-fifth of stroke cases. Numerous familial cases remain unresolved after routine screening of known CSVD genes. OBJECTIVE: To identify novel genes and mechanisms associated with familial CSVD. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This 2-stage study involved linkage analysis and a case-control study; linkage analysis and whole exome and genome sequencing were used to identify candidate gene variants in 2 large families with CSVD (9 patients with CSVD)...
April 1, 2024: JAMA Network Open
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38630391/burden-of-antimicrobial-resistance-among-women-with-post-partum-infections-in-low-middle-income-countries-a-systematic-review
#17
REVIEW
Caterina Monari, Lorenzo Onorato, Nicola Coppola, Mario C B Raviglione, Giorgia Gon
BACKGROUND: Due to the rising incidence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens, especially in Low-Middle-Income Countries (LMIC), post-partum infections represent a significant treatment challenge. METHODS: We performed a systematic review of the literature from January 2005 to February 2023 to quantify the frequency of maternal post-partum infections due to MDR pathogens in LMICs, focusing on methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and/or extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacterales...
April 17, 2024: Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38630387/neuroradiological-features-of-patients-with-bilateral-macronodular-adrenocortical-disease-and-meningiomas-associated-or-not-with-genetic-variants-of-armc5-a-case-series
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Arthur Araújo Massoud Salame, Helaine Laiz Silva Charchar, José Paulo de Oliveira Dourado, Berenice Mendonca, Guilherme Asmar Alencar, Leonardo José Tadeu de Araújo, Paula Ricci Arantes, Nicollas Nunes Rabelo, Eberval Gadelha Figueiredo, Maria Candida Barisson Villares Fragoso
INTRODUCTION: Meningiomas are the most common primary brain and central nervous system tumors, accounting for approximately 40% of these tumors. The most important exams for the radiological study of meningiomas are computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We aimed to analyze the radiological features of patients with meningioma related to the simultaneous presence of bilateral macronodular adrenocortical disease (BMAD), with or without pathogenic variants of ARMC5...
April 17, 2024: Journal of Neuro-oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38630357/exploring-ribosomal-genes-as-potential-biomarkers-of-the-immune-microenvironment-in-respiratory-syncytial-virus-infection
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lu Lin, Zenghua Liao, Chaoqian Li
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most common pathogen causing acute lower respiratory tract infection in infants and children. Due to limited knowledge of the pathological and molecular mechanisms of immunodeficiency underlying RSV disease, there is currently a lack of an approved and effective RSV vaccine to combat RSV infections. This study aimed to identify genes associated with immune dysfunction using bioinformatics methods to gain insights into the role of dysregulated immune genes in RSV disease progression, and to predict potential therapeutic drugs by targeting dysregulated immune-related genes...
April 17, 2024: Biochemical Genetics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38630347/alternative-hosts-of-leishmania-infantum-a-neglected-parasite-in-europe
#20
REVIEW
Ioannis Tsakmakidis, Menelaos Lefkaditis, Konstantinos Zaralis, Georgios Arsenos
Multi-host pathogens that infect various animal species and humans are considered of great importance for public and animal health. Leishmania spp. parasites are a characteristic example of such pathogens. Although leishmaniosis in humans is endemic for about 100 countries around the world it is classified as a neglected tropical disease. There are three main forms of leishmaniosis in humans: cutaneous (CL), visceral (VL) and mucocutaneous leishmaniosis (MCL). Each year, about 30,000 new cases of VL and more than 1 million new cases of CL are recorded...
April 17, 2024: Tropical Animal Health and Production
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