Infrared

Phototherapies are promising for noninvasive treatment of aggressive tumors, especially when combining heat induction and oxidative processes. Herein, we show enhanced phototoxicity of gold shell-isolated nanorods conjugated with toluidine blue-O (AuSHINRs@TBO) against human colorectal tumor cells (Caco-2) with synergic effects of photothermal (PTT) and photodynamic therapies (PDT). Mitochondrial metabolic activity tests (MTT) performed on Caco-2 cell cultures indicated a photothermal effect from AuSHINRs owing to enhanced light absorption from the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR)...

The chemical and pore structures of coal play a crucial role in determining the content of free gas in coal reservoirs. This study focuses on investigating the impact of acidification transformation on the micro-physical and chemical structure characteristics of coal samples collected from Wenjiaba No. 1 Mine in Guizhou. The research involves a semi-quantitative analysis of the chemical structure parameters and crystal structure of coal samples before and after acidification using Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) experiments...

We endeavor on a rarely explored task named thermal infrared video denoising. Perception in the thermal infrared significantly enhances the capabilities of machine vision. Nonetheless, noise in imaging systems is one of the factors that hampers the large-scale application of equipment. Existing thermal infrared denoising methods, primarily focusing on the image level, inadequately utilize time-domain information and insufficiently conduct investigation of system-level mixed noise, presenting the inferior ability in the video-recorded era; while video denoising methods, commonly applied to RGB cameras, exhibit uncertain effectiveness owing to substantial dissimilarities in the noise models and modalities between RGB and thermal infrared images...

The infrared beamline at BESSY II storage ring was upgraded recently to extend the capabilities of infrared microscopy. The endstations available at the beamline are now facilitating improved characterization of molecules and materials at different length scales and time resolutions. Here, the current outline of the beamline is reported and an overview of the endstations available is given. In particular, the first results obtained by using a new microscope for nano-spectroscopy that was implemented are presented...

Aim: Proof-of-concept study, highlighting the clinical diagnostic ability of FT-IR compared with MALDI-TOF MS, combined with WGS. Materials & methods: 104 pathogenic isolates of Neisseria meningitidis , Streptococcus pneumoniae , Streptococcus pyogenes and Staphylococcus aureus were analyzed. Results: Overall prediction accuracy was 99.6% in FT-IR and 95.8% in MALDI-TOF-MS. Analysis of N. meningitidis serogroups was superior in FT-IR compared with MALDI-TOF-MS. Phylogenetic relationship of S. pyogenes was similar by FT-IR and WGS, but not S...

The concept of a solid catalyst with an ionic liquid layer (SCILL) is a promising approach to improve the selectivity of noble metal catalysts in heterogeneous reactions. In order to understand the origins of this selectivity control, we investigated the growth and thermal stability of ultrathin 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium trifluormethanesulfonate [C2 C1 Im][OTf] films on Pt(111) by infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy (IRAS) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) in time-resolved and temperature-programmed experiments...

The current longitudinal study (n = 98) utilized a developmental cognitive neuroscience approach to examine whether and how variability in social perception is linked to social behavior in early human development. Cortical responses to processing dynamic faces were investigated using functional near-infrared spectroscopy at 7 months. Individual differences in sociability were measured using the Early Childhood Behavior Questionnaire at 18 months. Confirming previous work with infants and adults, functional near-infrared spectroscopy results show that viewing changing faces recruited superior temporal cortices in 7-month-old infants, adding to the view that this brain system is specialized in social perception from early in ontogeny...

Ion receptors are molecular hosts that bind ionic guests, often with great selectivity. The interplay of solvation and ion binding in anion host-guest complexes in solution governs the binding efficiency and selectivity of such ion receptors. To gain molecular-level insight into the intrinsic binding properties of octamethyl calix[4]pyrrole (omC4P) host molecules with halide guest ions, we performed cryogenic ion vibrational spectroscopy (CIVS) of omC4P in complexes with fluoride, chloride, and bromide ions...

The aggregation of superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) results in amyloid deposition and is involved in familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, a fatal motor neuron disease. There have been extensive studies of its aggregation mechanism. Noncanonical amino acid 5-cyano-tryptophan (5-CN-Trp), which has been incorporated into the amyloid segments of SOD1 as infrared probes to increase the structural sensitivity of IR spectroscopy, is found to accelerate the overall aggregation rate and potentially modulate the aggregation process...

This paper explores the use of a di-cationic fluorophore for visualizing mitochondria in live cells independent of membrane potential. Through the synthesized di-cationic fluorophore, we investigate the monitoring of viscosity, ferroptosis, stress-induced mitophagy, and lysosomal uptake of damaged mitochondria. The designed fluorophore is based on DQAsomes, cationic vesicles responsible for transporting drugs and DNA to mitochondria. The symmetric fluorophores possess two charge centres separated by an alkyl chain and are distinguished by a pyridinium group for mitochondrial selectivity, the C-12 alkyl substitution for membrane affinity, and an electron donor-π-acceptor fluorescent scaffold for intramolecular charge transfer...

We propose a structurally simple, innovative, and multifunctional mid-infrared broadband thermally tunable metamaterial absorption device. The absorption device consists of a three-layer structure, from bottom to top: Ti substrate, SiO2 dielectric layer, and patterned VO2 layer. Through temperature control, the average absorption intensity of the absorption device can vary between 0.08 and 0.94. The absorption device's absorption mechanism is rooted in the thermal phase-change characteristics exhibited by the topologically patterned VO2 ...

MAJIS, Moons and Jupiter Imaging Spectrometer, is one of the scientific payloads aboard European Space Agency's Jupiter Icy Moons Explorer mission. This instrument underwent a comprehensive characterization and calibration campaign before integration on the spacecraft. In this work, we report on the measurements of the instrumental spatial responses, including the slit and pixel functions, the knife edge function, the ensquared energy, and the keystone aberration. The measurements were repeated in several positions of the field of view and within the range of MAJIS temperatures during science observations...

OBJECTIVES: The study focused on developing a reliable real-time venous localization, identification, and visualization framework based upon deep learning (DL) self-parametrized Convolution Neural Network (CNN) algorithm for segmentation of the venous map for both lower and upper limb dataset acquired under unconstrained conditions using near-infrared (NIR) imaging setup, specifically to assist vascular surgeons during venipuncture, vascular surgeries, or Chronic Venous Disease (CVD) treatments...

BACKGROUD: This study investigated the structure, functional and physicochemical properties of lotus seed protein (LSP) under different pH environments. The structures of LSP were characterized by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), zeta potential, particle size distributions, free sulfhydryl and rheological property. The functional and physicochemical properties of LSP were characterized by color, foaming property, emulsification property, solubility, oil holding capacity (OHC), water holding capacity (WHC), differential scanning calorimetry analysis (DSC) and surface hydrophobicity...

Polarized Fourier transform infrared (p-FTIR) spectroscopy is a widely used technique for determining orientational information in thin organic materials. Conventionally, a single polarizer is placed in the path of the incident light (termed the polarizer). Occasionally, a second polarizer is also placed after the sample (referred to as the analyzer). However, this polarizer-analyzer configuration has the potential to induce polarization-dependent variances in the final spectra beyond those that are expected, i...

Polycyclic energetic materials make up a distinctive class of conjugated structures that consist of two or more rings. In this work, 1,3-bis(3,5-dinitro-1 H -pyrazol-4-yl)-4,6-dinitrobenzene ( BDPD ) was synthesized and investigated in detail as a polycyclic heat-resistant energetic molecule that can be deprotonated by bases to obtain its anionic ( 3 - 5 ) salts. All compounds were thoroughly characterized by 1 H and 13 C NMR, infrared spectroscopy, high-resolution mass spectrometry, and elemental analysis...

Limb ischaemia is a clinically relevant complication of venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA ECMO) with femoral artery cannulation. No selective distal perfusion or other advanced techniques were used in the past to maintain adequate distal limb perfusion. A more recent trend is the shift from the reactive or emergency management to the pro-active or prophylactic placement of a distal perfusion cannula to avoid or reduce limb ischaemia-related complications. Multiple alternative cannulation techniques to the distal perfusion cannula have been developed to maintain distal limb perfusion, including end-to-side grafting, external or endovascular femoro-femoral bypass, retrograde limb perfusion (e...

The widespread use of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) has triggered the rapid expansion in the field of computed tomography (CT)-guided preoperative localization and near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence image-guided surgery. However, its broader application has been hindered by the absence of ideal imaging contrasts that are biocompatible, minimally invasive, highly resolvable, and perfectly localized within the diseased tissue. To achieve this goal, we synthesize a dextran-based fluorescent and iodinated hydrogel, which can be injected into the tissue and imaged with both CT and NIR fluorescence modalities...

The development of electronic skin with dual stealth functionality is crucial for enabling devices to operate effectively in dynamic electromagnetic environments, thereby facilitating intelligent electromagnetic protection for autonomous perception. However, achieving compatibility between terahertz (THz) and infrared (IR) stealth technologies remains largely unexplored due to their inherent contradictions. Herein, inspired by natural corals, a novel coral-like multi-scale composite foam (CMSF) was proposed that ingeniously reconciles these contradictions...

"Transition" metal-coordinated plant polyphenols are a type of promising antitumor nanodrugs owing to their high biosafety and catalytic therapy potency; however, the major obstacle restricting their clinical application is their poor tumor accumulation. Herein, Fe-doped ZIF-8 was tailored using tannic acid (TA) into a hollow mesoporous nanocarrier for gallic acid (GA) loading. After hyaluronic acid (HA) modification, the developed nanosystem of HFZIF-8/GA@HA was used for the targeted delivery of Fe ions and GA, thereby intratumorally achieving the synthesis of an Fe-GA coordinated complex...