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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Carlos Abril-Pérez, Miguel Mansilla-Polo, Begoña Escutia-Muñoz, Onofre Sanmartín, Joan R Garcés, Manuel A Rodríguez-Prieto, Verónica Ruiz-Salas, Esther de Eusebio-Murillo, Román Miñano-Medrano, Beatriz González-Sixto, Juan L Artola-Igarza, Alberto Alfaro-Rubio, Pedro Redondo, Yolanda Delgado-Jiménez, Julia M Sánchez-Schmidt, Irati Allende-Markixana, María L Alonso-Pacheco, Beatriz García-Bracamonte, Pablo de la Cueva-Dobao, Raquel Navarro-Tejedor, Cristina Ciudad-Blanco, Lucía Carnero-González, Hugo Vázquez-Veiga, Natividad Cano-Martínez, Carlos Serra-Guillén, Eva Vilarrasa, Pedro Sánchez-Sambucety, José L López-Estebaranz, Ángeles Flórez-Menéndez, Antonio Martorell-Calatayud, Pilar Gil, Victoriano Morales-Gordillo, Agustí Toll, Izascun Ocerin-Guerra, Matías Mayor-Arenal, Ricardo Suárez-Fernández, Laura Sainz-Gaspar, Miguel A Descalzo, Ignacio Garcia-Doval, Rafael Botella-Estrada
BACKGROUND: Immunosuppressed (IS) patients, particularly solid organ transplant recipients and those on immunosuppressive therapy, face a higher incidence and recurrence of nonmelanoma skin cancers (NMSC), including basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS) is the preferred treatment for high-risk NMSC due to its high cure rate and margin examination capabilities. However, IS patients may experience more complications, such as surgical site infections, and a greater risk of recurrence, making their outcomes a subject of interest...
May 11, 2024: Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology: JEADV
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lécio Figueira Pinto, Lucas Scárdua Silva, Rafael Batista João, Vinícius Boldrini, Fernando Cendes, Clarissa Lin Yasuda
The treatment of epilepsy has advanced over the past 30 years through the development of new antiseizure medications (ASMs). Unfortunately, not all of them have been approved yet in Brazil, and many are still underused. When comparing new ASMs to older ones, they are generally not more effective in treating epilepsy. However, they offer better tolerability, with fewer interactions and long-term side effects, especially for patients with comorbidities or those requiring polytherapy. Enzyme induction caused by older ASMs is associated with increased cholesterol levels, drug interactions with decreased effects of statins and other cardiovascular medications, anticoagulants, chemotherapy, immunosuppressors, anti-infective agents (including HIV treatment), antidepressants, and contraceptives...
June 2024: Arquivos de Neuro-psiquiatria
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Haley J Appaneal, Kerry L LaPlante, Vrishali V Lopes, Catherine Martin, Laura Puzniak, Timothy L Wiemken, Evan J Zasowski, John M McLaughlin, Aisling R Caffrey
INTRODUCTION: Limited data exist regarding real-world utilization of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir. We identified predictors of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir use among Veterans Affairs (VA) outpatients nationally. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cohort study among outpatients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) who were eligible to receive nirmatrelvir/ritonavir between January and December of 2022, to identify factors associated with nirmatrelvir/ritonavir use (i...
January 13, 2024: Infectious Diseases and Therapy
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Afshin Borhani-Haghighi, Etrat Hooshmandi
The evolution of the Coronavirus Disease-2019 pandemic and its vaccination raised more attention to cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT). Although CVT is less prevalent than arterial stroke, it results in larger years of life lost. CVT is more common in women and young patients. Predisposing factors are categorized as transient factors such as pregnancy, puerperium, oral contraceptive pills, trauma, and dehydration; and permanent factors such as neoplastic, vasculitic, thrombophilic, hematologic conditions, infectious causes such as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 infection and HIV...
January 21, 2024: Postgraduate Medical Journal
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Bashir Abdrhman Bashir, Mohamed Hassan Mohamed, Mohamed A Hussain, Wadah Osman, Ramzi A Mothana, Sidgi Hasson
Background and Objectives: HIV disease is recognized to cause inconsistencies in coagulation via various pathways during infection. Some studies have indicated that HIV-infected patients are prone to developing thrombocytopenia, thrombosis, or autoantibodies that may cause difficulties in diagnosis. This study is intended to measure the trend of coagulation parameters in Sudanese patients with HIV. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in patients with HIV admitted to the Sudan National AIDS Program (SNAP) from January 2018 to December 2019...
October 13, 2023: Medicina
#6
Nur Syazwani Redzuwan, Nor Azita Ahmad Tarmizi, Safinaz Mohd Khialdin
A young male in his early 30s presented with spontaneous left eye redness for three months associated with blood-stained eye discharge. There was no history of trauma, blood dyscrasias, or anticoagulant intake. On examination, visual acuity was normal in both eyes. An anterior segment examination of the left eye showed subconjunctival hemorrhage with a fleshy bright red conjunctival mass hidden in the inferotemporal fornix. Other parts of the ocular examination including the contralateral eye were unremarkable...
September 2023: Curēus
#7
Mohamad El-Sabbagh, Sarah Rifai, Zainalabedeen M Sabah, Adam M Tarakji, Ahmad O Rifai, Sally Dahan, Kristin M Denig
A 45-year-old man presented with a diffuse petechial rash and a non-blanching palpable purpura, mainly on his lower extremities, some of which had coalesced, blistered, and ulcerated. The patient had a history of hypercoagulability and was chronically on anticoagulant medication. The rash appeared a week after starting apixaban 5 mg twice daily by mouth. Prior to that, he was receiving rivaroxaban. The rash was biopsied, which demonstrated cutaneous leukocytoclastic vasculitis (LCV). Serum anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) titers were negative...
August 2023: Curēus
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nyarai Desiree Soko, Sarudzai Muyambo, Michelle T L Dandara, Elizabeth Kampira, Dirk Blom, Erika S W Jones, Brian Rayner, Delva Shamley, Phumla Sinxadi, Collet Dandara
Pharmacogenomics may improve patient care by guiding drug selection and dosing; however, this requires prior knowledge of the pharmacogenomics of drugs commonly used in a specific setting. The aim of this study was to identify a preliminary set of pharmacogenetic variants important in Southern Africa. We describe comorbidities in 3997 patients from Malawi, South Africa, and Zimbabwe. These patient cohorts were included in pharmacogenomic studies of anticoagulation, dyslipidemia, hypertension, HIV and breast cancer...
July 26, 2023: Journal of Personalized Medicine
#9
REVIEW
James E Siegler, Savanna Dasgupta, Mohamad Abdalkader, Mary Penckofer, Shadi Yaghi, Thanh N Nguyen
Not in the history of transmissible illnesses has there been an infection as strongly associated with acute cerebrovascular disease as the novel human coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. While the risk of stroke has known associations with other viral infections, such as influenza and human immunodeficiency virus, the risk of ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke related to SARS-CoV-2 is unprecedented. Furthermore, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has so profoundly impacted psychosocial behaviors and modern medical care that we have witnessed shifts in epidemiology and have adapted our treatment practices to reduce transmission, address delayed diagnoses, and mitigate gaps in healthcare...
July 21, 2023: Viruses
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zefeng Dong, Zhihui Xu, Ying Zhou, Runfang Tian, Kai Zhou, Di Wang, Xuerong Ya, Qiang Shen
BACKGROUND: This retrospective study aimed to characterize the distribution of HIV-1 genotypes and the prevalence of drug resistance mutations in people with antiretroviral treatment (ART) failure in Suzhou City, China. METHODS: Pol gene of HIV-1 viruses in blood samples of EDTA anticoagulants from 398 patients with failed antiviral treatment was successfully amplified by using an in-house assay. Drug resistance mutations were analyzed by using the Stanford HIV Drug Resistance Database system ( https://hivdb...
June 28, 2023: AIDS Research and Therapy
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Willem Marcelle Jagga, Bruce Biccard, Jenique Bailly, Ali Esmail, Katherine Antel, Jessica Opie
OBJECTIVES: To describe the incidence of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in mechanically ventilated COVID-19 patients in an HIV endemic, resourced constrained setting. To describe the incidence of VTE in relation to HIV status and anticoagulant therapy, and to evaluate VTE-associated cardio-respiratory changes. To establish the contribution of HIV, anticoagulation therapy and other risk factors to mortality. DESIGN: Prospective descriptive study. SETTING: Single-center tertiary teaching hospital...
June 2023: Heliyon
#12
Cameron Kahn, Azeem Rathore, Timothy Lasseter, William M Kogler, Emil Missov
Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) is frequently utilized in the initial evaluation of cardioembolic stroke. However, the diagnostic utility of TTE is often operator-dependent, and in conjunction with anatomical limitations, there is a range of sensitivities reported in the literature specifically in the evaluation of nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis (NBTE). Thus, relying on TTE findings to rule out NBTE in the setting of cardioembolic stroke evaluation can lead to misdiagnosis in the absence of confirmatory transesophageal echocardiography (TEE)...
February 2023: Curēus
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ajitava Dutta, Ritwik Ghosh, Alak Pandit, Adrija Ray, Dwaipayan Bhattacharya, Arkaprava Chakraborty, Uddalak Chakraborty, Souvik Dubey, Julián Benito-León
BACKGROUND: Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) following either human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection or hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a very rare condition. Moreover, it has never been reported as the presenting manifestation of HIV and HBV co-infection, even more so when the patient had a normal CD4 count and no demonstrable opportunistic infections. We aimed to report the first case of an adult Indian male, an intravenous drug abuser who developed CVT as the presenting manifestation of HIV-HBV co-infection...
October 31, 2022: Medical Research Archives
#14
Felix Wireko, Sumant Nanduri, Anthony Lyonga Ngonge, Isaac Ikwu, Vishal Poddar
Nephrotic syndrome is a condition characterized by proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, edema, hyperlipidemia, and a hypercoagulable state. Nephrotic syndrome may lead to several complications, including, but not limited to, increased risk of infection, respiratory distress, and thromboembolism. There are several etiologies of nephrotic syndrome with various predisposing factors ranging from idiopathic, autoimmune diseases, infections (human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis C virus, hepatitis B virus), drugs, and heavy metal poisoning...
July 2022: Curēus
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mukunthan Murthi, Ufuk Vardar, Muhammad Khawar Sana, Hafeez Shaka
Percutaneous Left atrial appendage device closure has been offered as an alternative to anticoagulation for high-risk patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation. Given the relative novelty of the procedure, we aimed to analyze the rates and causes of immediate (30-days) and short-term (90 days) readmission after the procedure. We performed a retrospective observational study using the Nationwide Readmissions Database (NRD) for 2018. We studied 29,449 hospitalizations for percutaneous LAA device closure...
August 21, 2022: Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology
#16
Joel A Kammeyer, Nicole M Lehmann
Fingolimod is a disease-modifying treatment utilized in the treatment of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. Fingolimod has been associated with an increased risk in herpes simplex and varicella infection in clinical trials. We report a case of cerebral venous thrombosis secondary to cryptococcus in a patient receiving fingolimod. A 61-year-old male with multiple sclerosis treated with fingolimod presented with a 2-week history of headache, chills, and night sweats. An MRI of the brain revealed a left transverse and sigmoid sinus thrombosis...
2022: Case Reports in Neurology
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Robert Sinto
Since first reported in December 2019, SARS-2 Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) infection has become a world-class pandemic, overwhelming every aspect of the global system. Globally, 526 billion confirmed cases with 6,3 billion death cases were reported by World Health Organization (WHO) by 31 May 2022. In that period, Indonesia has reported 6 billion confirmed cases with a case fatality rate reaching 2.58%. The number of new weekly cases and new weekly death have continued the declining trend observed since its peak in January 2022, i...
April 2022: Acta Medica Indonesiana
#18
Arianna Forniti, Niccolò Riccardi, Pietro Sponga, Chiara Buono, Riccardo Iapoce, Lorenzo Roberto Suardi, Giusy Tiseo, Marco Falcone, Francesco Menichetti
In the last two decades, several cases of delayed-onset malaria in migrants from endemic areas were reported. The decrease of acquired immunity over time, often enhanced by immune suppression, represents a possible underlying mechanism for recrudescence. Here we describe a case of Plasmodium falciparum malaria occurring five years after exposure in a patient infected with human immunodeficiency virus, originating from Ivory Coast. Peculiarly, bilateral subsegmental pulmonary embolism in the absence of deep venous thrombosis was also detected, requiring anticoagulant therapy...
2022: Le Infezioni in Medicina
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
M A Chakra, S Roux, M Peyromaure, N B Delongchamps, H Bailly, I Duquesne
Penile Mondor's disease (PMD), or thrombosis of the dorsal vein, is an under-reported benign condition. Its aetiology is poorly understood. Clinically, it presents as a palpable cord in the dorsal vein of the penis, with pain or local discomfort, especially during erection. PMD may be diagnosed based on the medical history and physical examination. Management of the condition is conservative, with practitioners opting for various strategies including sexual/masturbatory abstinence, localised anticoagulant topical therapy and oral nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs...
May 31, 2022: Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Martha M S Sim, Meenakshi Banerjee, Thein Myint, Beth A Garvy, Sidney W Whiteheart, Jeremy P Wood
BACKGROUND: HIV-1 infection is associated with multiple procoagulant changes and increased thrombotic risk. Possible mechanisms for this risk include heigthened expression of procoagulant tissue factor (TF) on circulating monocytes, extracellular vesicles, and viral particles and/or acquired deficiency of protein S (PS), a critical cofactor for the anticoagulant protein C (PC). PS deficiency occurs in up to 76% of people living with HIV-1 (PLWH). As increased ex vivo plasma thrombin generation is a strong predictor of mortality, we investigated whether PS and plasma TF are associated with plasma thrombin generation...
April 4, 2022: Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes: JAIDS
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