Tomography perfusion

BACKGROUND: Multiple takayasu arteritis (TA) is a chronic nonspecific large to medium vasculitis disease that mainly accumulates the aorta and its branches. Pulmonary vascular disease is often seen as stenosis and occlusion, and patients may show no moderate to severe pulmonary hypertension (PH). This study aims to summarize the clinical characteristics and analysis of prognostic factors in patients with PH caused by TA. METHODS: Patients diagnosed with aortitis involving the pulmonary artery by pulmonary arteriography or pulmonary artery and total aortic computed tomography arteriography (CTA)...

BACKGROUND: Myocardial work (MW) is a novel echocardiographic modality, which has been shown to have diagnostic and prognostic values in patients with cardiovascular diseases, patients with obstructive coronary artery disease, in particular. However, only a handful of studies have examined the MW analysis in ischemia with nonobstructive coronary artery (INOCA) disease. This study, therefore, aimed to detect the early left ventricular involvement in INOCA patients diagnosed by an invasive coronary angiography performing the MW analysis...

PURPOSE: Dynamic chest radiography using X-ray fluoroscopic video analysis has shown potential for the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism (PE), but its diagnostic performance remains uncertain. We aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of fluoroscopic video analysis for diagnosing PE. METHODS: A prospective single-center observational study was conducted between October 2020 and January 2022. Fifty consecutive adult patients, comprising definitive PE, pulmonary hypertension (PH), or suspected PH, were enrolled...

Pulmonary endarterectomy (PEA) is the standard treatment for chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension. However, it poses risks of perioperative vascular complications, which can lead to serious clinical outcomes. This study introduces a novel noninvasive and radiation-free clinical imaging tool, electrical impedance tomography (EIT), for real-time bedside assessment of lung perfusion after PEA. It identifies ventilation-perfusion mismatches arising from postoperative complications, particularly valuable for patients with hemodynamic instability, thus eliminating risks tied to CT room transfers...

BACKGROUND: We aimed to employ Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (OCTA) to comprehensively assess changes in the optic nerve head (ONH) and macular perfusion before and after the Corneal Collagen Cross-Linking (CCL) procedure in patients with keratoconus. METHODS: A total of 22 keratoconus patient's candidate for CCL procedures were included based on specific criteria, with meticulous exclusion criteria in place to minimize potential confounders. Participants underwent OCTA assessments of the ONH and macula using the Spectralis OCT (Heidelberg) before CCL, as well as at 1- and 3-months post-CCL...

BACKGROUND: The segment of the latest mechanical contraction (LMC) does not always overlap with the site of the latest electrical activation (LEA). By integrating both mechanical and electrical dyssynchrony, this proof-of-concept study aimed to propose a new method for recommending left ventricular (LV) lead placements, with the goal of enhancing response to cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT). METHODS: The LMC segment was determined by single-photon emission computed tomography myocardial perfusion imaging (SPECT MPI) phase analysis...

BACKGROUND: XC001 is a novel adenoviral-5 vector designed to express multiple isoforms of VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) and more safely and potently induce angiogenesis. The EXACT trial (Epicardial Delivery of XC001 Gene Therapy for Refractory Angina Coronary Treatment) assessed the safety and preliminary efficacy of XC001 in patients with no option refractory angina. METHODS: In this single-arm, multicenter, open-label trial, 32 patients with no option refractory angina received a single treatment of XC001 (1×1011 viral particles) via transepicardial delivery...

RATIONALE: Lung T1 MRI is a potential method to assess cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease that is safe, quick, and widely available, but there are no data in children with mild CF lung disease. OBJECTIVE: Assess the ability of lung T1 MRI to detect abnormalities in children with mild CF lung disease. METHODS: We performed T1 MRI, multiple breath washout (MBW), chest computed tomography (CT), and spirometry in a cohort of 45 children with mild CF lung disease (6-11 years of age)...

AIMS: Adequate differentiation of calcifications in contrast-enhanced CT scans remains difficult to assess TAVI parameters. The size of the aortic leaflets has not been taken into account so far in present studies. The aim of our study was to establish a new method for optimized quantification of the aortic valve calcification degree in contrast-enhanced CT scans for better preoperative prediction of postoperative paravalvular leak after TAVI. METHODS AND RESULTS: We retrospectively analyzed preoperative contrast-enhanced CT scans of patients who underwent TAVI in our institution between 2014 and 2017...

AIMS: Dynamic stress computed tomography (CT) perfusion is a non-invasive method for quantifying myocardial ischemia by assessing myocardial blood flow (MBF). In this meta-analysis, we evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of dynamic CT perfusion for the detection of significant coronary artery disease (CAD) across various CT scanners, obese patients, and its prognostic value. METHODS AND RESULTS: We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane library for published studies evaluating the accuracy of CT myocardial perfusion in diagnosing functional significant ischemia by invasive fractional flow reserve...

OBJECTIVE: To quantitatively investigate the longitudinal computed tomography perfusion (CTP) imaging in meningiomas preoperatively embolized using microcatheters. METHODS: This retrospective monocentric study included 27 patients with symptomatic supratentorial meningiomas. Quantitative CTP images before and post-embolization were evaluated and correlated with angiographic, immunohistochemical, and clinical data. RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 45±18 years, with a female-to-male ratio of 1...

OBJECTIVE: Both low serum albumin (SA) concentration and coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) are risk factors for the development of heart failure (HF). We hypothesized that SA concentration is associated with myocardial flow reserve (MFR) and implicated in pathophysiological mechanism of HF. METHODS: We retrospectively studied 454 patients undergoing dynamic cardiac cadmium-zinc-telluride myocardial perfusion imaging from April 2018 to February 2020. The population was categorized into three groups according to SA level (g/dL): Group 1: >4, Group 2: 3...

Skeletal metastases are frequently observed in various malignancies. In some cases, they are asymptomatic and can be found incidentally in various imaging methods in patients without known malignant tumors. In this case study 2 cases of vertebral perfusion disturbances are presented that imitate vertebral metastatic lesions in computer tomography in the course of superior vena cava thrombosis. The first patient was referred to our clinic for chest and abdominal computer tomography (CT) for staging due to a known tumor in the anterior mediastinum...

INTRODUCTION: While there are many papers on maternal and foetal radiation doses from computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA) and ventilation/perfusion (V/Q) lung scanning examinations for diagnosing pulmonary embolism in pregnant patients, few have used clinical data to examine the patient lifetime attributable risk (LAR) of different cancer types. This paper aims to estimate the cancer risk from maternal radiation doses from CTPA and V/Q examinations and associated foetal doses...

BACKGROUND: Coronary microvascular dysfunction as measured by myocardial flow reserve (MFR) is associated with increased cardiovascular risk in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The objective of this study was to determine the association between reducing inflammation with MFR and other measures of cardiovascular risk. METHODS AND RESULTS: Patients with RA with active disease about to initiate a tumor necrosis factor inhibitor were enrolled (NCT02714881). All subjects underwent a cardiac perfusion positron emission tomography scan to quantify MFR at baseline before tumor necrosis factor inhibitor initiation, and after tumor necrosis factor inhibitor initiation at 24 weeks...

Migraine is one of the world's most debilitating disorders, and it has recently been shown that changes in the retina can be a potential biomarker for the disease. These changes can be detected by optical coherence tomography (OCT), which measures retinal thickness, and optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA), which measures vessel density. We searched the databases Google Scholar, ProQuest, Scopus, and Web of Science for studies in English using OCT and OCTA in migraineurs, using the search terms "optical coherence tomography," "OCT," "optical coherence tomography angiography," "OCTA" and "migraine...

BACKGROUND: Internal carotid artery stenosis (ICAS) is a prevalent vascular condition associated with ischemic cerebrovascular disease. The ophthalmic artery is the first branch of the internal carotid artery stenosis (ICA). Given the crucial role of the ICA in ocular perfusion, we aimed to assess the thickness and vessel density of the retina and choroid in individuals with ICAS. METHODS: The PubMed and Embase databases were searched from inception to 10 January 2023 for studies evaluating retinal and choroidal changes between ICAS patients and healthy controls using optical coherence tomography (OCT) or optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA)...

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to investigate the microcirculatory characteristics of the dome-shaped macula (DSM), its complications in highly myopic eyes and to explore the factors associated with a DSM. METHODS: This cross-sectional case-control study included a total of 98 subjects (98 eyes): 49 eyes with DSM and 49 eyes without DSM. The axial length (AL) of the myopic eyes was matched 1:1 to eliminate the effect of AL differences on the results. Choroidal (CT) and scleral thickness (ST) and other structural parameters were assessed by swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT)...

We present a case of Takayasu's arteritis in a woman in her 30s, who exhibited visual symptoms and ophthalmic manifestations of the disease, specifically Takayasu's retinopathy stage 4, in both eyes. Despite severe narrowing of all branches of the aortic arch and compromised perfusion in both upper limbs, she had no history of intermittent claudication. Doppler study and CT angiography revealed diffuse circumferential wall thickening of bilateral common carotid, subclavian and axillary arteries. Treatment involved retinal laser photocoagulation and immune suppression...

PURPOSE: This study explored the relationship among microvascular parameters as delineated by optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) and retinal perfusion. Here, we introduce a versatile framework to examine the interplay between the retinal vascular structure and function by generating virtual vasculatures from central retinal vessels to macular capillaries. Also, we have developed a hemodynamics model that evaluates the associations between vascular morphology and retinal perfusion...