Tibia

INTRODUCTION: Minimally invasive percutaneousosteosynthesis (MIPO) plating techniques havedemonstrated good outcomes in the treatment of distal tibia fractures. Early arthritis and functional impairment mayoccur if length and rotation are not restored. This study aims to determine the incidence and severity of tibia malrotation following MIPO plating of isolated unilateral distal tibia fractures, defined as torsional difference of greater than 10° as compared to the contralateral limb and whether the degree of malrotation affects functional outcomes scores...

BACKGROUND: Osteosarcoma is the most common primary bone malignancy in skeletally immature patients. The proximal humerus is the third most common site of osteosarcoma. The literature shows a paucity of published data concerning the outcome of proximal humerus osteosarcoma managed by limb salvage. The purpose of this study was to answer the following questions: (1) do patients with proximal humerus osteosarcoma managed by limb salvage and neoadjuvant chemotherapy show good functional and oncological outcomes, and (2) are there any prognostic factors that are associated with better oncological and functional outcomes? MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was a retrospective case series study assessing the overall outcome of 34 patients with proximal humerus osteosarcoma...

Newer intramedullary (IM) nails have become another option in the fixation of proximal tibia fractures. There is limited data on the successful use of these implants in intra-articular and extra-articular fractures of the proximal tibia, and no studies assessing the ability of these implants to maintain alignment with early weight bearing. Our objective was to determine whether immediate weight bearing after IM fixation, with or without supplemental plate or screw fixation, of proximal third tibial fractures (OTA/AO 41A-C) results in a change in alignment prior to union...

PURPOSE: There is some controversy regarding cytokines released from adipocytes, particularly adiponectin, leptin, and IL6 that regulate bone remodeling. In addition, IL6 is released from muscle contraction, which might have a distinct role in bone remodeling. Hence, this study investigated whether muscle contraction during a session of 40 min of high intensity interval training (40-min HIIT) and after 16 weeks of HIIT (16-wk HIIT) altered the release of those cytokines and bone remodeling in overweight women...

Distantly related mammals (e.g. jerboa, tarsiers, kangaroos) have convergently evolved elongated hindlimbs relative to body size. Limb elongation is hypothesized to make these species more effective jumpers by increasing their kinetic energy output (through greater forces or acceleration distances), thereby increasing take-off velocity and jump distance. This hypothesis, however, has rarely been tested at the population level, where natural selection operates. We examined the relationship between limb length, muscular traits, and dynamics using Longshanks mice, which were selectively bred over 22 generations for longer tibiae...

Osteosarcoma is a malignant mesenchymal tumour. This primarily manifests in the formation of immature osteoid cells by tumour cells. Osteosarcoma is the most common primary bone tumour in children and adolescents. It tends to occur in the metaphysis of long shafts, shows osteoblastic differentiation, and produces malignant osteoid material. We present the case of a 17-year-old male who presented to our clinic who had left knee pain for a few days. An initial radiograph of the knee joint revealed a lytic lesion in the proximal tibia and further imaging was advised...

Skeletal disorders can seriously threaten the health and the performance of poultry, such as tibial dyschondroplasia (TD) and osteoporosis (OP). Oligomeric proanthocyanidins (OPC) are naturally occurring polyphenolic flavonoid compounds that can be used as potential substances to improve the bone health and the growth performance of poultry. Eighty 7-day-old green-eggshell yellow feather layer chickens were randomly divided into 4 groups: basal diet and basal diet supplementation with 25, 50, and 100 mg/kg OPC...

Diaphyseal fractures of the tibia is a common injury with an incidence of 16.9/100,000 population. Surgical treatment with intramedullary interlocking nail is the treatment of choice in closed diaphyseal tibial injuries. Removal of the nail is required in non-union, infected implant, implant failure or during exchange nailing procedure. Implant removal surgery presents some unique challenges to the Orthopaedic surgeons like broken nails, broken screws and failure of the extraction devices to engage with the threads of the nail due to stripping of the threads in the proximal part of the nail...

Older men with high bone turnover have faster bone loss. We assessed the link between the baseline levels of bone turnover markers (BTMs) and the prospectively assessed bone microarchitecture decline in men. In 825 men aged 60-87 yr, we measured the serum osteocalcin (OC), bone alkaline phosphatase (BAP), N-terminal propeptide of type I procollagen (PINP), and C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX-I), and urinary total deoxypyridinoline (tDPD). Bone microarchitecture and strength (distal radius and distal tibia) were estimated by high-resolution pQCT (XtremeCT, Scanco Medical) at baseline and then after 4 and 8 yr...

Calorie restriction is a nutritional intervention that reproducibly protects against the maladaptive consequences of cardiovascular diseases. Pathological cardiac hypertrophy leads to cellular growth, dysfunction (with mitochondrial dysregulation), and oxidative stress. The mechanisms behind the cardiovascular protective effects of calorie restriction are still under investigation. In this study, we show that this dietetic intervention prevents cardiac protein elevation, avoids fetal gene reprogramming (atrial natriuretic peptide), and blocks the increase in heart weight per tibia length index (HW/TL) seen in isoproterenol-induced cardiac hypertrophy...

We describe a new treefrog species from Lao Cai Province, northwestern Vietnam. The new species is assigned to the genus Zhangixalus based on a combination of the following morphological characters: (1) dorsum green, smooth; body size medium (SVL 30.1-32.2 in males); (2) fingers webbed; tips of digits expanded into large disks, bearing circum-marginal grooves; (3) absence of dermal folds along limbs; (4) absence of supracloacal fold and tarsal projection. The new species can be distinguished from its congeners by: (1) dorsal surface of the head and body green without spots; (2) axilla and groin cream with a black blotch; (3) ventral cream without spot; (4) chin creamy with grey marbling; anterior part of the thigh and ventral surface of tibia orange without spots; posterior parts of thigh orange with a large black blotch; (5) ventral side of webbing orange with some grey pattern (6) iris red-bronze, pupils black; (7) finger webbing formula I1¼-1¼II1-2III1-1IV, toe webbing formula I½-½II0-1½III¼-1¾IV1¾-½V...

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study is to determine the best plate to use as a substitute to fix a medial femoral condyle fracture. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The first part is to measure the best fit between several anatomical plates including the Proximal Tibia Anterolateral Plate (PT AL LCP), the Proximal Tibia Medial Plate (PT M LCP), the Distal Tibia Medial Locking Plate (DT M LCP) and the Proximal Humerus (PHILOS) plate against 28 freshly embalmed cadaveric distal femurs...

OBJECTIVES:  The aim of the study was to investigate the contact mechanics and kinematic changes in the stifle in different standing angles. STUDY DESIGN:  We performed a biomechanical ex vivo study using pairs of canine cadaver hindlimbs. Motion sensors were fixed to the tibia and the femur for kinematic data acquisition. Pressure mapping sensors were placed between the femur and both menisci. Thirty percent bodyweight was applied to the limbs with the stifle in 125, 135, or 145 degrees of extension...

OBJECTIVE: To describe the microvascular anatomy of the equine hind limb suspensory ligament. ANIMALS: 18 hind limbs harvested from 9 adult horses euthanized for reasons unrelated to lameness. METHODS: A catheter was placed in the transected cranial tibial artery at the level of the mid-distal tibia for each hind limb and used to inject 120 to 150 mL of contrast medium (2 limbs) to identify principal vasculature using contrast-enhanced CT or India ink (11 limbs) to identify microvasculature using the Spalteholz tissue-clearing technique...

PURPOSE: Osteoporotic individuals who have dental implants usually require a prolonged healing time for osseointegration due to the shortage of bone mass and the lack of initial stability. Although studies have shown that intermittent teriparatide administration can promote osseointegration, there is little data to support the idea that pre-implantation administration is necessary and beneficial. METHODS: Sixty-four titanium implants were placed in the bilateral proximal tibial metaphysis in 32 female SD rats...

INTRODUCTION: The rate of revision TKA and thus the use of hinged implants (HI) steadily rises. Aseptic loosening lies on the top of the failure patterns. However, no evidence exists until now based on national scale high-caseloads that analyzes the impact of cemented HI stem-design on aseptic survival rates. METHODS: Data on aseptic HI-revisions with full-cemented tibia-stems were conducted from the German Arthroplasty Registry. Cases were divided in primary HI (PHI) and HI used in revision operations (RHI)...

OBJECTIVES: In far-distal extra-articular tibia fracture "extreme" nailing, debate surrounds the relative biomechanical performance of plating the fibula compared with extra distal interlocks. This study aimed to evaluate several constructs for extreme nailing including one interlock (one medial-lateral interlock), one interlock + plate (one medial-lateral interlock with lateral fibula compression plating), and two interlocks (one medial-lateral interlock and one anterior-posterior interlock)...

This study aimed to characterize ankle and hindfoot kinematics of healthy men and women during overground running using biplane radiography, and to compare these data to those previously obtained in the same cohort during overground walking. Participants ran across an elevated platform at a self-selected pace while synchronized biplane radiographs of their ankle and hindfoot were acquired. Motion of the tibia, talus, and calcaneus was tracked using a validated volumetric model-based tracking process. Tibiotalar and subtalar 6DOF kinematics were obtained...

The application of proteomic analysis to forensic skeletal remains has gained significant interest in improving biological and chronological estimations in medico-legal investigations. To enhance the applicability of these analyses to forensic casework, it is crucial to maximize throughput and proteome recovery while minimizing interoperator variability and laboratory-induced post-translational protein modifications (PTMs). This work compared different workflows for extracting, purifying, and analyzing bone proteins using liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS)/MS including an in-StageTip protocol previously optimized for forensic applications and two protocols using novel suspension-trap technology (S-Trap) and different lysis solutions...

BACKGROUND: Recent adult studies have demonstrated that decreased posterior tibial slope angle (PTSA) may be a risk factor for posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) injury. However, there is no study investigating this phenomenon in a pediatric population. Understanding risk factors for PCL injuries among a pediatric population is important given the recent rise in athletic competition/specialization and sports-related injuries. HYPOTHESIS/PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to compare PTSA between pediatric patients sustaining a primary PCL tear compared with age- and sex-matched controls...