emergency medicine

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) represent a significant health problem worldwide and in Switzerland. Despite preventive measures and advances in treatment, cardiovascular diseases still lead to a significant number of hospitalizations in Switzerland (133 000 in 2021) and are for responsible for almost 1/3 of all deaths (19 600 in 2021). Emergency care for acute cardiovascular events now has a very high standard in Switzerland compared to other countries. However, there is a large discrepancy between evidence and daily practice (evidence-performance gap) in cardiovascular risk factor control, because a large percentage of patients do not achieve the goals of the guideline recommendations: 55% of hypertensives, 81% of patients with elevated LDL cholesterol and 44% of diabetics...

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Musculoskeletal disorders are one of the most recurrent diseases among manual workers worldwide. The objective of this study was to analyze primary results of a systematic review on ergonomics, musculoskeletal disorders, treatment, and return to work in blue-collar workers to form a new conceptual framework applicable to intervention programs in this area. This study was based on the available scientific evidence we identified. Descriptive data and their trending topics areas were used to form the conceptual framework...

INTRODUCTION: The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic put at risk the resilience of healthcare professionals by exposing them to high levels of stress. Our aim was to identify key elements for implementing the STEP  programme, a psychological support service for healthcare professionals. METHODS: qualitative design.  The study participants were hospital healthcare staff. Anonymous questionnaires and transcriptions  of group interventions and focus groups were used to  identify professionals' preferences to receiving psychological support, needs, concerns, resilience (STEP1...

BACKGROUND: In China, the prevalence of mental health issues among college students is a significant concern in society. This study aims to investigate the impact of early dietary quality on the psychological well-being of college students and elucidate the underlying mechanisms through which these effects occur, specifically focusing on height and qi -deficiency as mediators according to Chinese traditional medicine (CTM). METHODS: A total of 655 college students were surveyed in October 2023 using paper-pencil-based questionnaires at four second-tier universities in Sichuan Province...

BACKGROUND: Factor Xa inhibitors are direct oral anticoagulants that are extremely useful in clinical applications, safe, and do not require dose adjustment. It is desirable to be able to monitor their effects in the event of hemorrhagic complications requiring neutralization. However, it is difficult to monitor their activity and neutralization using conventional coagulation tests. CASE PRESENTATION: We report three patients taking factor Xa inhibitors who underwent rotational thromboelastography (ROTEM) monitoring before and after neutralization with andexanet alfa...

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BACKGROUND: The utility of resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA) in children remains unclear. CASE PRESENTATION: An 11-year-old patient with liver trauma with massive extravasation was transported to a local hospital, where an emergency trauma surgery was unavailable. Following the placement of REBOA as a bridge to hemostasis, she was transferred to our hospital by a firefighting helicopter with balloon occlusion. Immediately, she underwent damage control laparotomy and transcatheter arterial embolization...

AIM: To evaluate whether establishing an extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) specialist team, termed the Yokohama Advanced Cardiopulmonary Help Team (YACHT), affected the outcomes and centralization of patients requiring ECMO in Yokohama-Yokosuka regions. METHODS: This retrospective observational study included patients aged ≥18 years and treated with venovenous-ECMO for severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) from 2014 to 2023. The primary outcome was intensive care unit (ICU) mortality...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The COVID-19 pandemic and the infection of numerous individuals from diverse societies have emerged as major global challenges. Given the limited resources in intensive care units, effective bed management and resource allocation require a deep understanding of the disease. This study aimed to assess the epidemiology and treatment outcomes of COVID-19 patients admitted to an intensive care unit in an Iranian hospital in Neyshabur city. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted on COVID-19 patients hospitalized in intensive care units in Razavi Khorasan, Iran in 2021...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Emergency medical services for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) vary according to region and country, and patient prognosis differs accordingly. In Japan, physicians may provide prehospital care. However, the effect of physician-present prehospital care on achieving return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) in patients with cardiac arrest is not clear. Here, we aimed to examine the effect of physician-present prehospital care on the prognosis of patients with OHCA at our hospital compared with physician-absent care...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Antibiotic resistance (ABR) is a global public health emergency which has seen an uptick in low- to middle-income countries in recent times due to a plethora of aggravating factors and has led to a whole host of setting-specific pathogens registering high rates of resistance, causing outbreaks with graver mortality and morbidity. This review analyzes available literature to determine the causes and effects of ABR and recommend solutions to the problem in a Pakistani setting...

OBJECTIVE: Blunt cardiac rupture is a life-threatening injury that requires surgical repair by cardiovascular or trauma surgeons. We report a case of blunt cardiac rupture in a rural area in which emergency physicians performed emergency department thoracotomy and surgical repair to save the patient's life. PATIENT AND METHODS: This case involved an 18-year-old female who was injured in a traffic accident and underwent emergency thoracotomy and surgical repair. RESULTS: The patient's left thorax was deformed, and sonographic assessment revealed pericardial effusion...

BACKGROUND: Healthcare systems constantly evolve to improve care quality and resource utilization. One way is implementing Value-Based Healthcare (VBHC) an economic approach. This scoping review aims to identify and describe the literature on VBHC, particularly its psychosocial aspects, to uncover research gaps. METHOD: The review followed the PRISMA guidelines for Scoping Reviews. We took the following 14 steps: (a) defining the research question; (b) identifying relevant studies; (c) selecting studies; (d) 15 mapping data; (e) collecting, synthesizing and reporting results...

BACKGROUND: With the emergence of the coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, it was essential to determine the impact of this disease on pregnant women and neonatal outcomes. In this study, we present a series of nine cases of pregnant women with COVID-19 disease requiring intensive care unit (ICU) admission. METHODS: We retrospectively collected clinical data of pregnant women with COVID-19 disease admitted to ICU between September 2020 and September 2021. RESULTS: Most common presenting symptom was cough...

Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma (cSCC) is a common and potentially fatal type of skin cancer that poses a significant threat to public health and has a high prevalence rate. Exposure to ultraviolet radiation on the skin surface increases the risk of cSCC, especially in those with genetic syndromes like xerodermapigmentosum and epidermolysis bullosa. Therefore, understanding the molecular pathogenesis of cSCC is critical for developing personalized treatment approaches that are effective in cSCC. This article provides a comprehensive overview of current knowledge of cSCC pathogenesis, emphasizing dysregulated signaling pathways and the significance of molecular profiling...

BACKGROUND: Numerous studies have cast light on the relationship between the gastric microbiota and gastric carcinogenesis. In this study, we conducted a bibliometric analysis of the relevant literature in the field of gastric cancer and the gastric microbiota and clarified its research status, hotspots, and development trends. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Publications were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection on 18 July 2023. CiteSpace 6.2.R4, VOSviewer 1...

Knowledge about biological rhythms of diseases may not only help in understanding the pathophysiology of diseases but can also help health service policy makers and emergency department directors to allocate resources efficiently. Aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) has high rates of morbidity and mortality. The incidence of SAH has been attributed to patient-related factors such as characteristics of aneurysms, smoking, and hypertension. There are studies showing that the incidence of aneurysmal SAH appears to behave in periodic fashions over long time periods...

BACKGROUND: Hydatid cyst is a parasitic infection, often caused by Echinococcus granulosus . Although it is classified as a benign disease, cyst ruptures in the abdomen can be fatal. Ruptures occur spontaneously or after trauma. We aimed to report data from patients who underwent emergency surgery due to spontaneous intra-abdominal hydatid cyst rupture. METHODS: Upon a retrospective review of the records at Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Harran University, Şanlıurfa, Turkey, we found that 34 cases were operated on due to hydatid cyst rupture between January 2012 and October 2022...

Millions of women worldwide are infertile due to gynecological disorders, including premature ovarian insufficiency, polycystic ovary syndrome, Asherman syndrome, endometrial atrophy, and fallopian tube obstruction. These conditions frequently lead to infertility and have a substantial impact on the quality of life of the affected couples, primarily because of their psychological implications and high financial costs. Recently, using platelets to stimulate cell proliferation and tissue differentiation has emerged as a promising approach in regenerative medicine...