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MULTICENTER STUDY
Arti D Desai, Anagha Tolpadi, Layla Parast, Megan Esporas, Maria T Britto, Courtney Gidengil, Karen Wilson, Naomi S Bardach, William T Basco, Mark S Brittan, David P Johnson, Kelly E Wood, Steven Yung, Erin Dawley, Darren Fiore, LiseAnne Gregoire, Laura N Hodo, Brett Leggett, Kirstin Piazza, Laura F Sartori, Danielle E Weber, Rita Mangione-Smith
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Written discharge instructions help to bridge hospital-to-home transitions for patients and families, though substantial variation in discharge instruction quality exists. We aimed to assess the association between participation in an Institute for Healthcare Improvement Virtual Breakthrough Series collaborative and the quality of pediatric written discharge instructions across 8 US hospitals. METHODS: We conducted a multicenter, interrupted time-series analysis of a medical records-based quality measure focused on written discharge instruction content (0-100 scale, higher scores reflect better quality)...
May 1, 2023: Pediatrics
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Patrycja M Topczewska, Zoe A Rompe, Manuel O Jakob, Anton Stamm, Pierre S Leclère, Alexandra Preußer, Claudia U Duerr, Linda Marie Laura Thole, Katja Kotsch, David Artis, Christoph S N Klose
The initiation of type 2 immune responses at mucosal barriers is regulated by rapidly secreted cytokines called alarmins. The alarmins IL-33, IL-25 and TSLP are mainly secreted by stromal and epithelial cells in tissues and were linked to chronic inflammatory diseases, such as allergic lung inflammation, or to resistance against worm infections. Receptors for alarmins are expressed by a variety of immune cells, including group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s), an early source of the type 2 cytokines, such as IL-5 and IL-13, which have been linked to atopic diseases and anti-worm immunity as well...
2023: Frontiers in Immunology
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Michael A Wheeler, Iain C Clark, Hong-Gyun Lee, Zhaorong Li, Mathias Linnerbauer, Joseph M Rone, Manon Blain, Camilo Faust Akl, Gavin Piester, Federico Giovannoni, Marc Charabati, Joon-Hyuk Lee, Yoon-Chul Kye, Joshua Choi, Liliana M Sanmarco, Lena Srun, Elizabeth N Chung, Lucas E Flausino, Brian M Andersen, Veit Rothhammer, Hiroshi Yano, Tomer Illouz, Stephanie E J Zandee, Carolin Daniel, David Artis, Marco Prinz, Adam R Abate, Vijay K Kuchroo, Jack P Antel, Alexandre Prat, Francisco J Quintana
Cell-cell interactions in the central nervous system play important roles in neurologic diseases. However, little is known about the specific molecular pathways involved, and methods for their systematic identification are limited. Here, we developed a forward genetic screening platform that combines CRISPR-Cas9 perturbations, cell coculture in picoliter droplets, and microfluidic-based fluorescence-activated droplet sorting to identify mechanisms of cell-cell communication. We used SPEAC-seq (systematic perturbation of encapsulated associated cells followed by sequencing), in combination with in vivo genetic perturbations, to identify microglia-produced amphiregulin as a suppressor of disease-promoting astrocyte responses in multiple sclerosis preclinical models and clinical samples...
March 10, 2023: Science
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alexandre Avran, Andrea Zuffi, Cecilia Gobbi, Alessio Gasperetti, Marco Schiavone, Gerald S Werner, Mashayekhi Kambis, Nicolas Boudou, Alfredo R Galassi, George Sianos, Moussa Idali, Roberto Garbo, Andrea Gagnor, Gabriele Gasparini, Alexander Bufe, Leszek Bryniarski, Artis Kalnins, Daniel Weilenmann, Jaroslaw Wojcik, Pierfrancesco Agostoni, Nenad Z Bozinovic, Mauro Carlino, Sergey Furkalo, David Hildick-Smith, Laurent Drogoul, Julien Lemoine, Antonio Serra, Stefano Carugo, Imre Ungi, Joseph Dens, Nicolaus Reifart, Joseph Cosma, Vincenzo Mallia, Giuseppe Vadalà, Giuseppe Biondi-Zoccai, Carlo Di Mario
BACKGROUND: Gender-specific data addressing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) of chronic total occlusion (CTO) in female patients are scarce and based on small sample size studies. AIMS: We aimed to analyze gender-differences regarding in-hospital clinical outcomes after CTO-PCI. METHODS: Data from 35,449 patients enrolled in the prospective European Registry of CTOs were analyzed. The primary outcome was the comparison of procedural success rate in the two cohorts (women vs...
March 8, 2023: Catheterization and Cardiovascular Interventions
#25
REVIEW
Kate Hawke, David King, Mieke L van Driel, Treasure M McGuire
BACKGROUND: Acute respiratory tract infections (ARTIs) are common and may lead to complications. Most children experience between three and six ARTIs annually. Although most infections are self-limiting, symptoms can be distressing. Many treatments are used to control symptoms and shorten illness duration. Most treatments have minimal benefit and may lead to adverse events. Oral homeopathic medicinal products could play a role in childhood ARTI management if evidence for their effectiveness is established...
December 13, 2022: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
#26
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Kathy Goggin, Emily A Hurley, Brian R Lee, Andrea Bradley-Ewing, Carey Bickford, Kimberly Pina, Evelyn Donis de Miranda, David Yu, Kirsten Weltmer, Sebastian Linnemayr, Christopher C Butler, Jason G Newland, Angela L Myers
BACKGROUND: Children with acute respiratory tract infections (ARTIs) receive ≈11.4 million unnecessary antibiotic prescriptions annually. A noted contributor is inadequate parent-clinician communication, however, efforts to reduce overprescribing have only indirectly targeted communication or been impractical. OBJECTIVES: Compare two feasible (higher vs lower intensity) interventions for enhancing parent-clinician communication on the rate of inappropriate antibiotic prescribing...
November 21, 2022: BMJ Open
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Timothy J D Ohlsen, David R Doody, Beth A Mueller, Arti D Desai, Eric J Chow
BACKGROUND: Childhood cancer-related mortality differs by socioeconomic factors, but the impact of residential location, including rurality and neighborhood-level socioeconomic disadvantage, is not well-characterized. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study linked Washington State cancer registry data (1992-2013) to state birth (1974-2013) and death records (1992-2013) to identify residents <20 years diagnosed with cancer (n = 4,306). Census-based rural-urban commuting area codes and Area Deprivation Index (ADI) defined rural residence and neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage at time of cancer diagnosis, respectively...
January 9, 2023: Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tadas Naujokaitis, Gerd U Auffarth, Ramin Khoramnia, Grzegorz Łabuz
PURPOSE: To evaluate the ARTIS Symbiose complementary intraocular lens (IOL) system, consisting of the MID and PLUS models, in comparison with a conventional trifocal IOL (AcrySof IQ PanOptix). SETTING: The David J. Apple Center for Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany. DESIGN: Laboratory investigation. METHODS: Modulation and phase transfer functions were obtained in polychromatic light using an optical bench setup...
October 17, 2022: Journal of Cataract and Refractive Surgery
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Katja J Jarick, Patrycja M Topczewska, Manuel O Jakob, Hiroshi Yano, Mohammad Arifuzzaman, Xuemei Gao, Sotiria Boulekou, Vladislava Stokic-Trtica, Pierre S Leclère, Alexandra Preußer, Zoe A Rompe, Anton Stamm, Amy M Tsou, Coco Chu, Frederik R Heinrich, Gabriela M Guerra, Pawel Durek, Andranik Ivanov, Dieter Beule, Sofia Helfrich, Claudia U Duerr, Anja A Kühl, Christina Stehle, Chiara Romagnani, Mir-Farzin Mashreghi, Andreas Diefenbach, David Artis, Christoph S N Klose
Protective immunity relies on the interplay of innate and adaptive immune cells with complementary and redundant functions. Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) have recently emerged as tissue-resident, innate mirror images of the T cell system, with which they share lineage-specifying transcription factors and effector machinery1 . Located at barrier surfaces, ILCs are among the first responders against invading pathogens and thus could potentially determine the outcome of the immune response2 . However, so far it has not been possible to dissect the unique contributions of ILCs to protective immunity owing to limitations in specific targeting of ILC subsets...
November 2022: Nature
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Amy M Tsou, Hiroshi Yano, Christopher N Parkhurst, Tanel Mahlakõiv, Coco Chu, Wen Zhang, Zhengxiang He, Katja J Jarick, Connie Zhong, Gregory G Putzel, Mai Hatazaki, Ivo C Lorenz, David Andrew, Paul Balderes, Christoph S N Klose, Sergio A Lira, David Artis
Emerging studies indicate that cooperation between neurons and immune cells regulates antimicrobial immunity, inflammation and tissue homeostasis. For example, a neuronal rheostat provides excitatory or inhibitory signals that control the functions of tissue-resident group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) at mucosal barrier surfaces1-4 . ILC2s express NMUR1, a receptor for neuromedin U (NMU), which is a prominent cholinergic neuropeptide that promotes ILC2 responses5-7 . However, many functions of ILC2s are shared with adaptive lymphocytes, including the production of type 2 cytokines8,9 and the release of tissue-protective amphiregulin (AREG)10-12 ...
November 2022: Nature
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mohammad Arifuzzaman, Tae Hyung Won, Ting-Ting Li, Hiroshi Yano, Sreehaas Digumarthi, Andrea F Heras, Wen Zhang, Christopher N Parkhurst, Sanchita Kashyap, Wen-Bing Jin, Gregory Garbès Putzel, Amy M Tsou, Coco Chu, Qianru Wei, Alex Grier, Stefan Worgall, Chun-Jun Guo, Frank C Schroeder, David Artis
Dietary fibres can exert beneficial anti-inflammatory effects through microbially fermented short-chain fatty acid metabolites<sup>1,2</sup>, although the immunoregulatory roles of most fibre diets and their microbiota-derived metabolites remain poorly defined. Here, using microbial sequencing and untargeted metabolomics, we show that a diet of inulin fibre alters the composition of the mouse microbiota and the levels of microbiota-derived metabolites, notably bile acids. This metabolomic shift is associated with type 2 inflammation in the intestine and lungs, characterized by IL-33 production, activation of group 2 innate lymphoid cells and eosinophilia...
November 2022: Nature
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Arti Gupta, Namrata Singh, Divya Madan, Mariyam Farooqui, Neha Singh, David Mathew Thomas, Bhaskar Kante, Mukesh Singh, Shubi Virmani, Mehak Verma, Aditya Bajaj, Manasvini Markandey, Peeyush Kumar, Sudheer Kumar Vuyyuru, Pabitra Sahu, Nitika Monga, Govind Makharia, Saurabh Kedia, Vineet Ahuja
The use of smartphone-based applications as a telenutrition tool could redefine the nutritional management of IBD. We developed and validated a digital health platform in the form of a smartphone application for the nutritional assessment of IBD patients. Our team of gastroenterologists and dieticians at the All-India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi developed a smartphone application titled IBD NutriCare, which was made available in both Android and iOS interfaces in English and seven other Indian languages...
October 13, 2022: Diagnostics
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wen Zhang, Mengze Lyu, Nicholas J Bessman, Zili Xie, Mohammad Arifuzzaman, Hiroshi Yano, Christopher N Parkhurst, Coco Chu, Lei Zhou, Gregory G Putzel, Ting-Ting Li, Wen-Bing Jin, Jordan Zhou, Hongzhen Hu, Amy M Tsou, Chun-Jun Guo, David Artis
Nociceptive pain is a hallmark of many chronic inflammatory conditions including inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs); however, whether pain-sensing neurons influence intestinal inflammation remains poorly defined. Employing chemogenetic silencing, adenoviral-mediated colon-specific silencing, and pharmacological ablation of TRPV1+ nociceptors, we observed more severe inflammation and defective tissue-protective reparative processes in a murine model of intestinal damage and inflammation. Disrupted nociception led to significant alterations in the intestinal microbiota and a transmissible dysbiosis, while mono-colonization of germ-free mice with Gram+ Clostridium spp...
October 13, 2022: Cell
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
David Artis
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
September 2022: Journal of Interferon & Cytokine Research
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Fabrizio Albanito, David McBey, Matthew Harrison, Pete Smith, Fiona Ehrhardt, Arti Bhatia, Gianni Bellocchi, Lorenzo Brilli, Marco Carozzi, Karen Christie, Jordi Doltra, Christopher Dorich, Luca Doro, Peter Grace, Brian Grant, Joël Léonard, Mark Liebig, Cameron Ludemann, Raphael Martin, Elizabeth Meier, Rachelle Meyer, Massimiliano De Antoni Migliorati, Vasileios Myrgiotis, Sylvie Recous, Renáta Sándor, Val Snow, Jean-François Soussana, Ward N Smith, Nuala Fitton
There is a growing realization that the complexity of model ensemble studies depends not only on the models used but also on the experience and approach used by modelers to calibrate and validate results, which remain a source of uncertainty. Here, we applied a multi-criteria decision-making method to investigate the rationale applied by modelers in a model ensemble study where 12 process-based different biogeochemical model types were compared across five successive calibration stages. The modelers shared a common level of agreement about the importance of the variables used to initialize their models for calibration...
September 2, 2022: Environmental Science & Technology
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Epidemiologic and Clinical Characteristics of Monkeypox Cases - United States, May 17-July 22, 2022.
David Philpott, Christine M Hughes, Karen A Alroy, Janna L Kerins, Jessica Pavlick, Lenore Asbel, Addie Crawley, Alexandra P Newman, Hillary Spencer, Amanda Feldpausch, Kelly Cogswell, Kenneth R Davis, Jinlene Chen, Tiffany Henderson, Katherine Murphy, Meghan Barnes, Brandi Hopkins, Mary-Margaret A Fill, Anil T Mangla, Dana Perella, Arti Barnes, Scott Hughes, Jayne Griffith, Abby L Berns, Lauren Milroy, Haley Blake, Maria M Sievers, Melissa Marzan-Rodriguez, Marco Tori, Stephanie R Black, Erik Kopping, Irene Ruberto, Angela Maxted, Anuj Sharma, Kara Tarter, Sydney A Jones, Brooklyn White, Ryan Chatelain, Mia Russo, Sarah Gillani, Ethan Bornstein, Stephen L White, Shannon A Johnson, Emma Ortega, Lori Saathoff-Huber, Anam Syed, Aprielle Wills, Bridget J Anderson, Alexandra M Oster, Athalia Christie, Jennifer McQuiston, Andrea M McCollum, Agam K Rao, María E Negrón
Monkeypox, a zoonotic infection caused by an orthopoxvirus, is endemic in parts of Africa. On August 4, 2022, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services declared the U.S. monkeypox outbreak, which began on May 17, to be a public health emergency (1,2). After detection of the first U.S. monkeypox case), CDC and health departments implemented enhanced monkeypox case detection and reporting. Among 2,891 cases reported in the United States through July 22 by 43 states, Puerto Rico, and the District of Columbia (DC), CDC received case report forms for 1,195 (41%) cases by July 27...
August 12, 2022: MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Artis Linars, Ivars Silamikelis, Dita Gudra, Ance Roga, Davids Fridmanis
Over the decades, practical biotechnology researchers have aimed to improve naturally occurring proteins and create novel ones. It is widely recognized that coupling protein sequence randomization with various effect screening methodologies is one of the most powerful techniques for quickly, efficiently, and purposefully acquiring these desired improvements. Over the years, considerable advancements have been made in this field. However, developing PCR-based or template-guided methodologies has been hampered by resultant template sequence biases...
2022: PloS One
#38
REVIEW
Hiroshi Yano, David Artis
The immune system and the peripheral nervous system are distributed throughout the body and surveil vital organs utilizing various sensory mechanisms. Previous studies have demonstrated that tissue-resident innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) and neurons are heavily enriched in the body's barrier surfaces, where it is critical to detect and rapidly adapt to the changes in dietary, microbial and other environmental stimuli. However, our understanding of how these two sensory systems cooperatively integrate these diverse signals to orchestrate host responses remains incomplete...
June 2022: Current Opinion in Immunology
#39
REVIEW
Misato Irie, Kotaro Sasahara, David Artis, Hiroki Kabata
The neural and immune systems are closely connected, and recently, their molecular mechanisms and relationships with diseases have attracted substantial attention. Particularly, it has been increasingly reported that ILC2s, which produce type 2 cytokines independent of acquired immunity, are regulated by neuropeptides such as catecholamines, acetylcholine, vasoactive intestinal peptide, neuromedins, and calcitonin gene-related peptide. However, the regulatory mechanisms in this regard are only partially understood, implying that further studies are still needed to clarify the complete mechanisms and processes...
July 2022: Allergology International: Official Journal of the Japanese Society of Allergology
#40
Bruno Reversade, Nathalie Escande-Beillard, Aikaterini Dimopoulou, Björn Fischer, Serene C Chng, Yun Li, Mohammad Shboul, Puay-Yoke Tham, Hülya Kayserili, Lihadh Al-Gazali, Monzer Shahwan, Francesco Brancati, Hane Lee, Brian D O'Connor, Mareen Schmidt-von Kegler, Barry Merriman, Stanley F Nelson, Amira Masri, Fawaz Alkazaleh, Deanna Guerra, Paola Ferrari, Arti Nanda, Anna Rajab, David Markie, Mary Gray, John Nelson, Arthur Grix, Annemarie Sommer, Ravi Savarirayan, Andreas R Janecke, Elisabeth Steichen, David Sillence, Ingrid Haußer, Birgit Budde, Gudrun Nürnberg, Peter Nürnberg, Petra Seemann, Désirée Kunkel, Giovanna Zambruno, Bruno Dallapiccola, Markus Schuelke, Stephen Robertson, Hanan Hamamy, Bernd Wollnik, Lionel Van Maldergem, Stefan Mundlos, Uwe Kornak
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
February 2022: Nature Genetics
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