Seizures

OBJECTIVE: We studied the impact of depressive symptoms on adverse effects (AEs) in people with epilepsy (PWE) on antiseizure medication (ASM) therapy. An effect of depression on the AE burden has already been reported. We studied the correlation of various depressive symptoms with specific AEs to assess which AEs are especially prone to being confounded by particular depressive symptoms. METHODS: PWE filled in a variety of questionnaires including the "Neurological Disorder Depression Inventory for Epilepsy" (NDDI-E), "Emotional Thermometers 4" (ET4) and "Liverpool Adverse Events Profile" (LAEP)...

Epilepsy is a condition marked by sudden, self-sustained, and recurring brain events, showcasing unique electro-clinical and neuropathological phenomena that can alter the structure and functioning of the brain, resulting in diverse manifestations. Antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) can be very effective in 30% of patients in controlling seizures. Several factors contribute to this: drug resistance, individual variability, side effects, complexity of epilepsy, incomplete understanding, comorbidities, drug interactions, and no adherence to treatment...

The right hemisphere has been underestimated by being considered as the non-dominant hemisphere. However, it is involved in many functions, including movement, language, cognition, and emotion. Therefore, because lesions on this side are usually not resected under awake mapping, there is a risk of unfavorable neurological outcomes. The goal of this study is to compare the functional and oncological outcomes of awake surgery (AwS) versus surgery under general anesthesia (GA) in supratentorial right-sided gliomas...

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the efficacy of a specialized inpatient rehabilitation program in patients with newly diagnosed epilepsy (NDE), who had been referred within 1 year after diagnosis. METHODS: We performed an open, prospective, controlled study comparing a 1-year follow-up assessment of patients with NDE after completing a rehabilitation program at an epilepsy center (rehabilitation group) with a control group of patients with similar epilepsy duration, but without rehabilitation in the first year after diagnosis...

The diagnosis of epilepsy is associated with loss of predictability, which invariably results in the fear of when and if future seizures will occur. For a subset of patients with epilepsy (PWE), there may be a pathological persistent fear of seizure occurrence, resulting in limitations to daily activities through avoidant behaviors. Paradoxically, the research of anticipatory anxiety of seizures (AAS; also referred to as seizure phobia) has been practically nonexistent and, not surprisingly, this condition remains underrecognized by clinicians...

OBJECTIVE: The objective was to analyze seizure semiology in pediatric frontal lobe epilepsy patients, considering age, to localize the seizure onset zone for surgical resection in focal epilepsy. METHODS: Fifty patients were identified retrospectively, who achieved seizure freedom after frontal lobe resective surgery at Great Ormond Street Hospital. Video-electroencephalography recordings of preoperative ictal seizure semiology were analyzed, stratifying the data based on resection region (mesial or lateral frontal lobe) and age at surgery (≤4 vs >4)...

INTRODUCTION: There is uncertainty whether patients with a cerebral cavernous malformation (CCM) should undergo conservative or surgical treatment, resulting in practice variation among hospitals. Our objective was to report clinical outcomes of patients with primarily conservatively managed CCMs. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This single-center cohort study included consecutive adult CCM patients, diagnosed in 2000-2023, who underwent conservative management as primary treatment strategy...

KEY CLINICAL MESSAGE: Osteoblastoma of the frontal sinus, although rare, can manifest with seizures and pneumocephalus, underscoring the importance of thorough evaluation and complete surgical excision to prevent serious complications and ensure optimal patient outcomes. ABSTRACT: Osteoblastoma is an infrequent bone tumor, with origins typically in the vertebrae and long bones. While craniofacial involvement is rare, it may occur in regions such as the paranasal sinuses...

Neurocysticercosis is a rarely diagnosed but significant clinical problem from infestation with taenia solium. It occurs as a result of ingestion of infested pork and the mode of transmission is usually feco-oral. It is commonly associated with non-specific neurologic manifestations expected of intracranial space-occupying lesions with its most common neurological presentation being seizures. However, its diagnosis without seizure is rarely reported. We report a recent experience in this regard and outcome of this disease which was inadvertently managed surgically...

INTRODUCTION: Previous studies have reported a correlation between a high-grade CMV-infection and an unfavorable prognosis in glioblastoma (GB). Coversely, epilepsy has been associated with a more favorable outcome in GB patients. Despites epilepsy and CMV share similar molecular mechanisms in GB tumoral microenvironment, the correlation between Tumor-Related-Epilepsy (TRE) and CMVinfection remains unexplored. The aim of our study is to examine the correlation between the dregree of CMV infection and seizure types on the survival of TRE Adult-type-diffuse-glioma...

Several COVID-19 vaccines have been approved for emergency use according to China's immunization programs. These vaccines has created hope for patients with epilepsy, because the vaccines can help to reduce their risk of becoming infected with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The aim of this study was to investigate the COVID-19 vaccine safety in patients with epilepsy. Here, we assessed the time of symptom control and the features of adverse events of seizure patients following their COVID-19 vaccinations...

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Twelve patients between 18 and 53 years of age were included. MAD plus nutritional supplementation was administered to 75% ( n  = 10) of the participants, one (8.3%) received MAD alone, and 16.7 ( n  = 2) received Classic Ketogenic Diet (cKD) plus nutritional supplementation. Oral nutritional supplementation, administered in the outpatient setting, provided patients with between 31 and 55% of the total caloric value. In the first month of KDT treatment, 83.3% ( n  = 10) of patients reduced the number of weekly seizures by 40% (median)...

BACKGROUND: Congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) are a type of inborn error of metabolism (IEM) resulting from defects in glycan synthesis or failed attachment of glycans to proteins or lipids. One rare type of CDG is caused by homozygous or compound heterozygous loss-of-function variants in mannosidase alpha class 2B member 2 (MAN2B2). To date, only two cases of MAN2B2-CDG have been reported worldwide. METHODS: Trio whole-exome sequencing (Trio-WES) was conducted to screen for candidate variants...

Pontocerebellar hypoplasia (PCH) is a heterogeneous group of neurodegenerative disorders characterized by hypoplasia and degeneration of the cerebellum and pons. We aimed to identify the clinical, laboratory, and imaging findings of the patients with diagnosed PCH with confirmed genetic analysis. We collected available clinical data, laboratory, and imaging findings in our retrospective multicenter national study of 64 patients with PCH in Turkey. The genetic analysis included the whole-exome sequencing (WES), targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS), or single gene analysis...

Developmental and epileptic encephalopathy (DEEs) (OMIM#618,328) is characterized by seizures, hypotonia, and brain abnormalities, often arising from mutations in genes crucial for brain function. Among these genes, GLS stands out due to its vital role in the central nervous system (CNS), with homozygous variants potentially causing DEE type 71. Using Whole Exome Sequencing (WES) on a patient exhibiting symptoms of epileptic encephalopathy, we identified a novel homozygous variant, NM_014905.5:c.1849G > T; p...

Delta opioid receptors hold potential as a target for neurological and psychiatric disorders, yet no delta opioid receptor agonist has proven efficacious in critical phase II clinical trials. The exact reasons for the failure to produce quality drug candidates for the delta opioid receptor is nuclear. However, it is known that certain delta opioid receptor agonists can induce seizures and exhibit tachyphylaxis. Several studies have suggested that those adverse effects are more prevalent in delta agonists that share the SNC80/BW373U86 chemotype...

Epilepsy is a complex disease spanning across multiple scales, from ion channels in neurons to neuronal circuits across the entire brain. Over the past decades, computational models have been used to describe the pathophysiological activity of the epileptic brain from different aspects. Traditionally, each computational model can aid in optimizing therapeutic interventions, therefore, providing a particular view to design strategies for treating epilepsy. As a result, most studies are concerned with generating specific models of the epileptic brain that can help us understand the certain machinery of the pathological state...

BACKGROUND: The primary intracranial peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor (pPNET) is a lesion subtype within the Ewing sarcoma family of tumors. pPNETs are extremely uncommon pathologies, accounting for 0.03% of intracranial tumors and 1% to 2% of Ewing sarcoma cases. Given its histological aspect similar to other highly proliferative malignant neuroectodermal neoplasms, pPNET merits extensive workup for accurate diagnosis and treatment. OBSERVATIONS: A 36-year-old male presented to the emergency department with a 1-year history of headaches in the right frontoparietal area, generalized tonic-clonic seizures, and a history of the resection of a tumor labeled as a meningioma 5 years before admission...

OBJECTIVES: To assess the daily function of children with anti-N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor encephalitis (NMDARe) after a minimal follow-up of 5 years. METHODS: Patients 18 years and younger by the time of disease onset, whose serum and CSF were studied in our center between 2013 and 2017, were included in the study. Patients' daily life function was assessed by their physicians using a 15-domain question format (Liverpool Outcome Score). RESULTS: Of 76 patients, 8 (11%) died and 68 were followed for a mean of 7...