chlamydia, mycoplasma

BACKGROUND: Integrating STI and pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) care may optimize sexual and reproductive health. METHODS: We nested an STI-sub-study within an HIV prevention cohort (Parent study) of 18-35-year-old women from South Africa, planning pregnancy with a partner with HIV or of unknown-serostatus. Parent-study women completed annual surveys regarding HIV-risk perceptions and were offered oral PrEP. PrEP initiators completed quarterly plasma tenofovir testing...

The purpose of this study was to analyze the correlation between vaginal flora and immune function Type 1 helper T cells/Type 2 helper T cells imbalance in females having HPV infections at high risk within the female reproductive tract. We selected 150 female patients who visited our hospital for reproductive tract inflammation between March 2019 and March 2021. They were divided into high-risk HPV-positive and high-risk HPV-negative groups according to the results of the HPV tests. Vaginal flora composition, density, diversity, and Th1/Th2 immune cell cytokine expression were assessed, and their correlations were analyzed...

BACKGROUND: Little is known about the aetiology of urethral discharge syndrome (UDS) and genital ulcer disease (GUD) in Brazil due to limited access to laboratory tests and treatment based mainly on the syndromic approach. OBJECTIVES: To update Brazilian treatment guidelines according to the current scenario, the first nationwide aetiological study for UDS and GUD was performed. METHODS: Male participants with urethral discharge (UD) and/or genital ulcer (GU) reports were enrolled...

BACKGROUND: To investigate the pathogenic characteristics and risk factors of pediatric severe community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of hospitalized children with severe CAP from April 2014 to June 2019 in China. Data of age, sex and pathogenic results were collected: bacterial and fungal cultures, respiratory viruses from sputum or bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), serum Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP)-IgM and Chlamydia Pneumoniae -IgM, and BALF or blood (1-3)-β-D-glucan/galactomannan test...

BACKGROUND: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) have a high incidence in the US Armed Forces and can adversely impact service members' ability to perform their duties. Better knowledge of Mycoplasma genitalium (MG) epidemiology in the military is needed to understand the potential impact of this emerging pathogen on force readiness. METHODS: We conducted cross-sectional analyses of data from US Army service members and other Military Health System beneficiaries participating in a trial of an STI/HIV behavioral intervention at Fort Liberty, NC and Joint Base Lewis-McChord, WA...

Proctitis is an inflammatory condition of the distal rectum that can be associated with common sexually transmitted infections (STIs), such as gonorrhea, chlamydia, and syphilis. For persons presenting with ulcerative findings on examination, in addition to syphilis, Mpox, lymphogranuloma venereum, and herpes simplex virus should be in the differential. Providers should also be aware that there are evolving data to support a role for Mycoplasma genitalium in proctitis. Performing a comprehensive history, clinical evaluation including anoscopy, and rectal nucleic amplification STI testing may be useful in identifying the cause of proctitis and targeting treatment...

BACKGROUND: Empiric treatment of sexually transmitted infections can cause unnecessary antibiotic use. We determined if near-to-patient-testing (NPT) for Neisseria gonorrhoeae , Chlamydia trachomatis and Mycoplasma genitalium (MG) improved antibiotic-use for a range of clinical presentations. METHODS: Clients attending with non-gonococcal urethritis (NGU), proctitis, as STI-contacts, or for an MG-test-of-cure (MG-TOC) between March and December 2021 were recruited...

BACKGROUND: Doxycycline-based prevention of bacterial sexually transmitted infections (STIs) has been assessed in various studies and has been recommended by the European AIDS Clinical Society to be proposed to persons with repeated STIs on a case-by-case basis. However, while good preventive effects could be shown for Chlamydia trachomatis and Treponema pallidum in Europe, no reliable prevention against doxycycline resistance-affected bacterial causes of STIs like Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Mycoplasma genitalium was confirmed...

Objective: To explore the pathogenic agents of acute respiratory infection (ARI) in children in Beijing. Methods: In the cross-sectional study, 3 groups of children from different departments were enrolled from Feb 6th , 2023 (6th week) to May 28th (21th week), 2023, including influenza-like case group from emergency department for nucleic acid testing of influenza virus (Flu) and human metapneumovirus (HMPV), the outpatient ARI group under nucleic acid testing for Flu, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), adenovirus (ADV), and parainfluenza virus (PIV), and the inpatient ARI group under nucleic acid testing for Flu, RSV, HMPV, ADV, human bocavirus (HBoV), Rhinovirus (Rh), PIV, coronavirus (HCoV), Mycoplasma pneumoniae (Mp) and Chlamydia pneumonia (Cp)...

PURPOSE: Mycoplasma genitalium (Mgen) is a sexually transmitted infection (STI) that has an estimated prevalence in the general population of 2.3% in women and 1.1% in men aged 21-23 years. (Hilbert and Reno, 2018) A cross-sectional study conducted in a community emergency department (ED) determined that the prevalence of Mgen was 14.8% in asymptomatic female patients. (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Sexually Transmitted Infections Treatment Guidelines, 2021) The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) 2021 STI Treatment Guidelines recommend testing for Mgen in select circumstances...

BACKGROUND: To analyse the correlation between vaginal flora and cervical immune function of HPV-infected patients with cervical cancer. METHODS: Six hundred females with genital tract infections treated in Xuzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2014 to December 2016 were selected and divided into a high-risk HPV group (n=246) and a control group (n=354). The vaginal flora and human T lymphocyte subsets (CD3+, CD4+, CD8+) were detected. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to explore the risk factors for HPV infection...

A review of the association between microbes and mental illness is performed, including the history, relevant definitions, infectious agents associated with mental illnesses, complex interactive infections, total load theory, pathophysiology, psychoimmunology, psychoneuroimmunology, clinical presentations, early-life infections, clinical assessment, and treatment. Perspectives on the etiology of mental illness have evolved from demonic possession toward multisystem biologically based models that include gene expression, environmental triggers, immune mediators, and infectious diseases...

We assess the performances of the Alinity M STI assay (Abbott Molecular) in comparison to the Xpert CT/NG assay (Cepheid). We first retrospectively used a collection of 70 frozen samples of which 33, 31, and 6 were positives for Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), Neisseria gonorrhoea (NG), and both micro-organisms respectively. The Alinity M STI and the Xpert CT/NG results were in accordance for all. The mean difference in cycle threshold values between the Xpert CT/NG and the Alinity M STI were -1.6 and 0.0 for CT and NG respectively...

INTRODUCTION: Non-viral sexually transmitted infections are known to be associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. For these pathogens, standard antenatal screening is not broadly performed in Latin America and the Caribbean. The aim of this study was to comprehensively review the association of non-viral sexually transmitted infections and neonatal outcomes among pregnant women in the region. METHODS: Four databases (PubMed, Embase, SciELO and LILACS) were examined to identify eligible studies published up to September 2022...

BACKGROUND: Respiratory tract infections (RTIs) are a major global health burden due to their high morbidity and mortality. This retrospective study described the epidemiology of respiratory pathogens in adults over a 5-year period at an Australian tertiary healthcare network. METHODS: All multiplex reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction respiratory samples taken between the 1st of November 2014 and the 31st of October 2019 were included in this study. Overall prevalence and variations according to seasons, age groups and sex were analysed, as well as factors associated with prolonged hospital and intensive care length of stay...

BACKGROUND: Men who have sex with men (MSM) are at risk for sexually transmitted infections (STIs), but more data on extragenital carriage are needed. AIM: We assessed the genital and extragenital prevalence of bacterial and other STIs in MSM in a Lisbon sexual health clinic. METHODS: We screened oral, anal, and urine samples of MSM visiting the GAT-CheckpointLX clinic June 2017-December 2021 for Chlamydia trachomatis (including lymphogranuloma venereum, LGV), Neisseria gonorrhoeae , Mycoplasma genitalium , Trichomonas vaginalis , Mycoplasma hominis , Ureaplasma urealyticum , and U...

INTRODUCTION: Preterm birth complications are the most common cause of death in children under 5 years. The presence of multiple microorganisms and genital tract inflammation could be the common mechanism driving early onset of labour. South Africa has high levels of preterm birth, genital tract infections and HIV infection among pregnant women. We plan to investigate associations between the presence of multiple lower genital tract microorganisms in pregnancy and gestational age at birth...

(1) Background: Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) in men are a significant public health problem due to the consequences they can have, such as chronic diseases, infertility, cancer, and even death. This study aimed to determine the frequency of microorganisms associated with STIs in men with urethritis attending urology consultations, and to explore their clinical correlations. (2) Methods: A population that attended the urology consultation of the University Hospital "Dr. José E. González" was studied...

This study used metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) technology to explore the changes of the microbial characteristics in the lower respiratory tract in patients with acute exacerbations of bronchiectasis (noncystic fibrosis) to guide clinical treatment and improve patients' quality of life and prognosis. This prospective study included 54 patients with acute exacerbation and 46 clinically stable patients admitted to the Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine Center of the People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region from January 2020 to July 2022...

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) and Mycoplasma genitalium (MG) among HPV-positive women undergoing colposcopy at the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Hunan, China. Additionally, we aimed to assess the impact of C. trachomatis or M. genitalium co-infection with HPV on the severity of cervical lesions. METHODS: We collected HPV data, cervical cytology results, and demographic information from 439 women attending colposcopy...