Fatal

A novel fiber optic biosensor was purposed for a new approach to monitor amyloid beta protein fragment 1-42 (Aβ42) for Alzheimer's Disease (AD) early detection. The sensor was fabricated by etching a part of fiber from single mode fiber loop in pure hydrofluoric acid solution and utilized as a Local Optical Refractometer (LOR) to monitor the change Aβ42 concentration in Artificial Cerebrospinal Fluid (ACSF). The Fiber Loop Ringdown Spectroscopy (FLRDS) technique is an ultra-sensitive measurement technique with low-cost, high sensitivity, real-time measurement, continuous measurement and portability features that was utilized with a fiber optic sensor for the first time for the detection of a biological signature in an ACSF environment...

INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE: Multiple Hereditary Exostoses is a rare autosomal dominant bone disorder that predominantly affects males at an incidence of (1:50,000 to 1:100,000) in Western populations. The etiology is owed to mutations in the EXT gene group, specifically EXT1 and EXT2 which cause the formation of Osteochondromas. Diagnosis is typically established in childhood. Nevertheless, vascular complications are extremely rare while being potentially fatal. Therefore, timely diagnosis and treatment are vital for such patients...

BACKGROUND: The U.S. opioid overdose crisis persists. Outpatient behavioral health services (BHS) are essential components of a comprehensive response to opioid use disorder and overdose fatalities. The Helping to End Addiction Long-Term® (HEALing) Communities Study developed the Communities That HEAL (CTH) intervention to reduce opioid overdose deaths in 67 communities in Kentucky, Ohio, New York, and Massachusetts through the implementation of evidence-based practices (EBPs), including BHS...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease whose pathobiology associates with peripheral blood immune cell levels and activation patterns in an age and sex-dependent manner. This study's objective was to identify immune profile associations with ALS progression, whether the associations are age and sex-specific, and whether immune profiles can predict a future disease course. METHODS: Flow cytometry immune profiles (a combination of 22 peripheral blood immune markers) were generated for 241 participants with ALS and linked to ALS progression, using progression-free survival, which is a composite combining the revised ALS Functional Rating Scale and survival...

Conventional treatments have shown a limited efficacy for pancreatic cancer, and immunotherapy is an emerging option for treatment of this highly fatal malignancy. Neoantigen is critical to improving the efficacy of tumor-specific immunotherapy. The cancer and peripheral blood specimens from human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A0201 positive pancreatic cancer patient were subjected to next-generation sequencing and bioinformatics analyses were performed to screen high-affinity and highly stable neoepitopes. The activation of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) by the mutBCL2A111-20 neoepitope targeting B-cell lymphoma 2-related protein A1 (BCL2A1) mutant epitope was investigated, and the cytotoxicity of mutBCL2A111-20 neoepitope-specific CTLs to pancreatic cancer cells was evaluated...

OBJECTIVES: Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an epidemic emerging infectious disease with high mortality rate. We investigated the association between liver injury and clinical outcomes in patients with SFTS. METHODS: A total of 291 hospitalized SFTS patients were retrospectively included. Cox proportional hazards model was adopted to identify risk factors of fatal outcome and Kaplan-Meier curves were used to estimate cumulative risks. RESULTS: 60...

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to identify the characteristics, causes, perioperative anesthetic, and obstetric outcomes of patients experiencing postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) after cesarean delivery. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed patients who underwent cesarean delivery at the largest university hospital in Bangkok, Thailand, during a 5-year period (January 1, 2016-December 31, 2020). PPH was defined as an estimated blood loss (EBL) of ≥ 1000 ml within 24 hours postpartum...

OBJECTIVE: Road traffic crashes cause 1.19 million deaths and millions more injuries annually. The persistently high burden has drawn attention from national and international stakeholders worldwide. Unsafe road infrastructure is one of the major risk factors for traffic safety, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. METHODS: Aiming to eliminate high-risk roads in all countries, the International Road Assessment Programme (iRAP) developed a robust and evidence-based approach to support country transportation agencies...

Tropical theileriosis is a fatal leukemic-like disease of cattle caused by the tick-transmitted protozoan parasite Theileria annulata. The economics of cattle meat and milk production is severely affected by theileriosis in endemic areas. The hydroxynaphtoquinone buparvaquone (BPQ) is the only available drug currently used to treat clinical theileriosis, whilst BPQ resistance is emerging and spreading in endemic areas. Here, we chronically exposed T. annulata-transformed macrophages in vitro to BPQ and monitored the emergence of drug-resistant parasites...

Many non-fatal events can be considered recurrent in that they can occur repeatedly over time, and some researchers may be interested in the trajectory and relative risk of non-fatal events. With the competing risk of death, the treatment effect on the mean number of recurrent events is non-identifiable since the observed mean is a function of both the recurrent event and terminal event processes. In this paper, we assume independence between the non-fatal and the terminal event process, conditional on the shared frailty, to fit a parametric model that recovers the trajectory of, and identifies the effect of treatment on, the non-fatal event process in the presence of the competing risk of death...

Vaccine hesitancy is one of the top 10 threats to global health, which affects the prevalence and fatality of vaccine-preventable diseases over the world. During the COVID-19 pandemic, people living with HIV (PLWH) may have higher risks of infection, more serious complications, and worse prognosis without the protection of the COVID-19 vaccine. A systematic review and meta-analysis aiming to evaluate the prevalence of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among PLWH was conducted using PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases for studies published between January 1, 2020, and August 31, 2022...

Management of severe pediatric trauma remains challenging. Injury patterns vary according to patient age and trauma mechanism. This study analyzes trauma mechanisms in deceased pediatric patients. Fatal pediatric trauma cases aged 0-18 years who underwent forensic autopsy in the Federal State of Berlin, Germany, between 2008 until 2018 were enrolled in this retrospective study. Autopsy protocols were analyzed regarding demographic characteristics, trauma mechanisms, injury patterns, resuscitation measures, survival times as well as place, and cause of death...

OBJECTIVES: Research shows the highest rates of occupational heat-related fatalities among farm laborers and among Black and Hispanic workers in North Carolina (NC). The Hispanic population and workforce in NC have grown substantially in the past 20 years. We describe the epidemiology of heat-related fatal injuries in the general population and among workers in NC. METHODS: We reviewed North Carolina death records and records of the North Carolina Office of the Chief Medical Examiner to identify heat-related deaths (primary International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision diagnosis code: X30 or T67...

Swine acute diarrhea syndrome coronavirus (SADS-CoV) is a newly discovered swine coronavirus with potential cross-species transmission risk. Although SADS-CoV-induced host cell apoptosis and innate immunity antagonization has been revealed, underlying signaling pathways remain obscure. Here, we demonstrated that infection of SADS-CoV induced apoptosis in vivo and in vitro , and that viral protein NS7a is mainly responsible for SADS-CoV-induced apoptosis in host cells. Furthermore, we found that NS7a interacted with apoptosis-inducing factor mitochondria associated 1 (AIFM1) to activate caspase-3 via caspase-6 in SADS-CoV-infected cells, and enhanced SADS-CoV replication...

SIGNIFICANCE: Acute wounds such as severe burns and chronic wounds like diabetic ulcers present a significant threat to human health. Wound dressings made from natural polymers offer inherent properties that effectively enhance wound healing outcomes and reduce healing time. RECENT ADVANCES: Numerous innovative hydrogels are being developed and translated to the clinic to successfully treat various wound types. This underscores the substantial potential of hydrogels in the future wound care market...

BACKGROUND: Vitamin K deficiency can lead to severe coagulation dysfunction, which may be dangerous and fatal, especially in patients undergoing surgery. METHODS: We report an 84-year-old male patient with gallstones and cholecystitis who had a severe coagulation disorder without bleeding symptoms after endoscopic papillary balloon dilation for removal of bile duct stones. After vitamin K supplementation, the coagulation dysfunction was corrected the next day. RESULTS: In this case, long-term antibiotic treatment, inadequate diet, and abnormal liver function led to coagulation dysfunction...

BACKGROUND: This study aims to improve the understanding of lymphoma-associated hemophagocytic syndrome, and find effective methods to identify and manage this fatal disease. METHODS: Patients diagnosed with non-Hodgkin lymphoma-associated hemophagocytic syndrome from January 2008 to December 2022 in our center were included. Univariate and multivariate analyses were also conducted using the Cox proportional hazards model. RESULTS: Among 26 patients, 22 patients were diagnosed with T/NK cell lymphoma, while 4 patients were diagnosed with diffuse large B cell lymphoma...

BACKGROUND: Identifying clinical characteristics and risk factors, comorbid conditions, and complications arising from SARS-CoV-2 infection is important to predict the progression to more severe forms of the disease among hospitalized individuals to enable timely intervention and to prevent fatal outcomes. The aim of the study is to assess the possible role of the neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) as a biomarker of the risk of death in patients with comorbidities hospitalized with COVID-19 in a tertiary hospital in southern Brazil...

BACKGROUND: Evaluation of biomarkers as risk factors for mortality may provide early intervention and treatment for fatal diseases. We aimed to determine the usability of inexpensive and easily measurable tests in the differentiation of critically ill patients by investigating their relationship with mortality. METHODS: This study was executed by examining the sixth, third, and first month examinations of patients registered to the home health care services unit in 2022 before mortality due to any reason...

OBJECTIVE: To identify trends in motorcycle road deaths in Colombia between 2008 and 2021. METHODS: An observational and descriptive study of trends in motorcycle road deaths was conducted using official death records from 2008 to 2021. Jointpoint Poisson regression analysis was performed to detect inflection points in mortality rates specific to age, sex, and area of residence. RESULTS: A total of 28 200 motorcycle road deaths were identified during the period; 24 271 men and 3 929 women died...