keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38547062/force-induced-tail-autotomy-mitochondrial-fission-and-biogenesis-of-matrix-excluded-mitochondrial-derived-vesicles-for-quality-control
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xiaoying Liu, Linyu Xu, Yutong Song, Zhihao Zhao, Xinyu Li, Cheuk-Yiu Wong, Rong Chen, Jianxiong Feng, Yitao Gou, Yajing Qi, Hei-Man Chow, Shuhuai Yao, Yi Wang, Song Gao, Xingguo Liu, Liting Duan
Mitochondria constantly fuse and divide for mitochondrial inheritance and functions. Here, we identified a distinct type of naturally occurring fission, tail-autotomy fission, wherein a tail-like thin tubule protrudes from the mitochondrial body and disconnects, resembling autotomy. Next, utilizing an optogenetic mitochondria-specific mechanostimulator, we revealed that mechanical tensile force drives tail-autotomy fission. This force-induced fission involves DRP1/MFF and endoplasmic reticulum tubule wrapping...
April 2, 2024: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38546892/influence-of-degree-of-substitution-on-the-hydroxypropyl-%C3%AE-cyclodextrin-complexation-with-rifampicin-in-water-solution-a-molecular-simulation
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Elena Alvira
CONTEXT: Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPβCD) is one of the derivatized cyclodextrins most widely used as an excipient in the pharmaceutical industry, for its capacity to improve certain drugs properties. Different configurations of HPβCD are possible depending on the number and location of the 2-hydroxypropyl groups substituted on the glucose rings. Rifampicin has become the most commonly clinically used antibiotic against tuberculosis in recent years, despite its low solubility and variable bioavailability...
March 28, 2024: Journal of Molecular Modeling
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38546291/theoretical-relationships-between-axoneme-distortion-and-internal-forces-and-torques-in-ciliary-beating
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Louis G Woodhams, Philip V Bayly
The axoneme is an intricate nanomachine responsible for generating the propulsive oscillations of cilia and flagella in an astonishing variety of organisms. New imaging techniques based on cryoelectron-tomography (cryo-ET) and subtomogram averaging have revealed the detailed structures of the axoneme and its components with sub-nm resolution, but the mechanical function of each component and how the assembly generates oscillations remains stubbornly unclear. Most explanations of oscillatory behavior rely on the dynamic regulation of dynein by some signal, but this may not be necessary if the system of dynein-driven slender filaments is dynamically unstable...
March 28, 2024: Cytoskeleton
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38546049/reverse-mechanotransduction-driving-chromatin-compaction-to-decompaction-increases-cell-adhesion-strength-and-contractility
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Julie Buisson, Xinyu Zhang, Tomaso Zambelli, Philippe Lavalle, Dominique Vautier, Morgane Rabineau
Mechanical extracellular signals elicit chromatin remodeling via the mechanotransduction pathway, thus determining cellular function. However, the reverse pathway is an open question: does chromatin remodeling shape cells, regulating their adhesion strength? With fluidic force microscopy, we can directly measure the adhesion strength of epithelial cells by driving chromatin compaction to decompaction with chromatin remodelers. We observe that chromatin compaction, induced by performing histone acetyltransferase inhibition or ATP depletion, leads to a reduction in nuclear volume, disrupting actin cytoskeleton and focal adhesion assembly, and ultimately decreases in cell adhesion strength and traction force...
March 28, 2024: Nano Letters
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38546038/anchoring-of-fe-mil-101-nh-2-to-the-polymer-membrane-matrix-through-the-hinsberg-reaction-to-promote-conductivity-of-speek-membranes
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hong-Jie Zhang, Xue-Bin Shang, Xu-Ran Wang, Chen-Xi Zhang, Qing-Lun Wang
SCPEEK@MOF proton exchange membranes, where SCPEEK is sulfinyl chloride polyether ether ketone and MOF is a metal-organic framework, were prepared by doping Fe-MIL-101-NH2 into polymers. The amino group in the MOF and the -SOCl2 group in thionyl chloride polyether ether ketone cross-link to form a covalent bond through the Hinsberg reaction, and the prepared composite membrane has stronger stability than other electrostatic interactions and simple physical doping composite membranes. The formation of covalent bonds improves the water absorption of the composite membrane, which makes it easy for water molecules to form hydrogen bonds...
March 28, 2024: Journal of Physical Chemistry. B
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38545197/comparative-evaluation-of-two-cetylpyridinium-chloride-based-mouthwashes-on-the-mechanical-properties-and-strength-loss-of-elastomeric-chains-used-in-dentistry-an-vitro-study
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Carolina Andrés Castelló, Natalia Zamora-Martínez, Beatriz Tarazona-Álvarez, Vanessa Paredes-Gallardo
OBJECTIVES: Evaluate the strength degradation of polymeric ligature chains after their immersion in cetylpyridinium chloride-based mouthwashes. METHODS: 240 elastomeric samples from four different manufacturers (Rocky Mountain®, Ormco®, Morelli® and Dentaurum®) in two types of configurations (with and without intermodular links) and divided in 3 groups (distilled water, Vitis CPC Protect® and PERIO·AID® 0.05%) at 5 follow-up periods (0-24 h, 7-14 -21 days) were immersed twice a day for 60 s, following the manufacturers' protocols...
March 30, 2024: Heliyon
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38544905/progress-in-the-synthesis-of-colloidal-machines
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nicolle S Jackson, Samira Munkaila, Lasya Damaraju, Marcus Weck
For the past decade, the field of colloidal science has expanded the collection of colloidal particles to include an entire library of subunits that can be isotropic or anisotropic in terms of structural morphology or chemical composition. Using anisotropic subunits, the field has assembled a variety of static and dynamic structures. For this Account, we use the umbrella term "dynamic colloids" to describe subunits capable of movement, shape-shifting, or any other type of action in response to a stimulus and "static colloids" to describe those that are unresponsive to such stimuli...
March 22, 2024: Accounts of materials research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38544822/biophysical-interplay-between-extracellular-matrix-remodeling-and-hypoxia-signaling-in-regulating-cancer-metastasis
#8
REVIEW
Sun-Ah Lee, Gi-Ju Cho, Doyoung Kim, Dong-Hwee Kim
Mechanical properties of the tumor microenvironment play a critical role in cancer progression by activation of cancer mechano-responses. The biophysical interactions between cancer cells and their dynamic microenvironment are attributed to force-dependent alterations in molecular pathways that trigger the structural reorganization of intracellular organelles and their associated genetic modifications. Recent studies underscore the role of oxygen concentration in cancer metastasis. Suppressed oxygen levels promote the development of invasive phenotypes and aggressive proliferation of cancer cells, accompanied by remodeling of tumor microenvironment encompassing the modulation of physical settings of extracellular matrix...
2024: Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38544534/gait-analysis-and-functional-knee-scores-in-primary-knee-osteoarthritis-and-their-correlation-with-progression-of-the-disease-in-the-indian-population
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nihar Kanti Barai, Ravi Mittal, Mohammed Tahir Ansari, Venkatesan Sampath Kumar, M L V Sai Krishna, Manish Gupta, Shivam Pandey
INTRODUCTION: Osteoarthritis of the knee is a leading cause of disability and is a multi-factorial disease. Moreover, it is partly considered a mechanically driven disease in which higher abnormally disbursed forces play a prime role. With the progression of the disease, the gait function declines, so a comprehensive and objective evaluation of gait function would help in prognostic evaluation and management. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study included two groups: patients with primary knee osteoarthritis and a control group of healthy volunteers...
April 2024: Indian Journal of Orthopaedics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38544045/evaluation-of-ground-pressure-bearing-capacity-and-sinkage-in-rigid-flexible-tracked-vehicles-on-characterized-terrain-in-laboratory-conditions
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Omer Rauf, Yang Ning, Chen Ming, Ma Haoxiang
Trafficability gives tracked vehicles adaptability, stability, and propulsion for various purposes, including deep-sea research in rough terrain. Terrain characteristics affect tracked vehicle mobility. This paper investigates the soil mechanical interaction dynamics between rubber-tracked vehicles and sedimental soils through controlled laboratory-simulated experiments. Focusing on Bentonite and Diatom sedimental soils, which possess distinct shear properties from typical land soils, the study employs innovative user-written subroutines to characterize mechanical models linked to the RecurDyn simulation environment...
March 10, 2024: Sensors
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38544011/simulation-and-on-site-detection-of-the-failure-characteristics-of-overlying-strata-under-the-mining-disturbance-of-coal-seams-with-thin-bedrock-and-thick-alluvium
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Qunlei Zhang, Jianping Guo, Xiaowei Lu, Kunpeng Ding, Ruifu Yuan, Decai Wang
When mining deep coal seams with thin bedrock and thick alluvium, the collapse and fracture of thin bedrock layers may cause geological disasters, such as water inrush and sand inrush of the mining face. Comprehensively obtaining the response data of coal mining and reasonably analyzing the failure characteristics of overlying strata are helpful in guiding safe production. In this study, the caving zone heights of overlying strata are obtained by field detection during layered mining. Then, the caving zone heights during the once-full-height mining are evaluated by theoretical analysis...
March 8, 2024: Sensors
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38543792/structural-insights-into-plant-viruses-revealed-by-small-angle-x-ray-scattering-and-atomic-force-microscopy
#12
REVIEW
Eleonora V Shtykova, Evgeniy V Dubrovin, Alexander L Ksenofontov, Polina K Gifer, Maxim V Petoukhov, Valeriy K Tokhtar, Irina M Sapozhnikova, Andrey N Stavrianidi, Larisa V Kordyukova, Oleg V Batishchev
The structural study of plant viruses is of great importance to reduce the damage caused by these agricultural pathogens and to support their biotechnological applications. Nowadays, X-ray crystallography, NMR spectroscopy and cryo-electron microscopy are well accepted methods to obtain the 3D protein structure with the best resolution. However, for large and complex supramolecular structures such as plant viruses, especially flexible filamentous ones, there are a number of technical limitations to resolving their native structure in solution...
March 10, 2024: Viruses
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38543450/characterization-of-ceria-nanoparticles-as-abrasives-applied-with-defoaming-polymers-for-cmp-chemical-mechanical-polishing-applications
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sohee Hwang, Woonjung Kim
Chemical mechanical polishing/planarization (CMP) is an essential manufacturing process in semiconductor technologies. This method combines chemical and mechanical forces to smooth the surfaces of wafers. The effectiveness of CMP relies on a carefully chosen slurry, demanding a sophisticated manufacturing technology. This technology must seamlessly integrate both chemical composition and mechanical elements, highlighting the intricate synergy required for successful semiconductor fabrication. Particularly in milling processes, if agglomerated particles due to slurry particle corrosion are present during polishing, uneven polishing, numerous fine scratches occur, leading to an increase in roughness and a deterioration in the quality of the finished surface...
March 19, 2024: Polymers
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38543443/preliminary-assessment-of-tara-gum-as-a-wall-material-physicochemical-structural-thermal-and-rheological-analyses-of-different-drying-methods
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Elibet Moscoso-Moscoso, Carlos A Ligarda-Samanez, David Choque-Quispe, Mary L Huamán-Carrión, José C Arévalo-Quijano, Germán De la Cruz, Rober Luciano-Alipio, Wilber Cesar Calsina Ponce, Reynaldo Sucari-León, Uriel R Quispe-Quezada, Dante Fermín Calderón Huamaní
Tara gum, a natural biopolymer extracted from Caesalpinia spinosa seeds, was investigated in this study. Wall materials were produced using spray drying, forced convection, and vacuum oven drying. In addition, a commercial sample obtained through mechanical methods and direct milling was used as a reference. The gums exhibited low moisture content (8.63% to 12.55%), water activity (0.37 to 0.41), bulk density (0.43 to 0.76 g/mL), and hygroscopicity (10.51% to 11.42%). This allows adequate physical and microbiological stability during storage...
March 19, 2024: Polymers
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38543417/extraction-of-mechanical-parameters-via-molecular-dynamics-simulation-application-to-polyimides
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Philipp Rosenauer, Christoph Kratzer, Silvia Larisegger, Stefan Radl
Polyimides feature a vast number of industrial applications due to their high thermal stability and insulation properties. These polymers exhibit an exceptional combination of thermal stability and mechanical toughness, which allows the semiconductor industry to use them as a mechanical stress buffer. Here, we perform all-atom molecular dynamics (MD) simulations for such materials to assess their predictive capability with respect to their mechanical properties. Specifically, we demonstrate that the OPLS-AA force field can be used to successfully describe an often-used polyimide (i...
March 14, 2024: Polymers
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38543396/study-on-the-low-velocity-impact-response-and-damage-mechanisms-of-thermoplastic-composites
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Liu Han, Hui Qi, Jinshui Yang, Fuqing Chu, Changliang Lin, Pingan Liu, Qian Zhang
A comparative experimental and numerical study of the impact behaviour of carbon-fiber-reinforced thermoplastic (TP) and thermoset (TS) composites has been carried out. On the one hand, low velocity impact (LVI) tests were performed on TP and TS composites with different lay-up sequences at different energy levels, and the damage modes and microscopic damage mechanisms after impact were investigated using macroscale inspection, C-scan inspection, and X-ray-computed tomography. The comparative results show that the initial damage valve force under LVI depends not only on the material, but also on the layup sequence...
March 13, 2024: Polymers
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38543376/functionalization-of-carbon-nanotubes-in-polystyrene-and-properties-of-their-composites-a-review
#17
REVIEW
Hongfu Li, Guangfei Wang, Ying Wu, Naisheng Jiang, Kangmin Niu
The inherent π-π interfacial interaction between carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and polystyrene (PS) makes the CNT/PS composite a representative thermoplastic nanocomposite. However, the strong van der Waals force among CNTs poses challenges to achieving effective dispersion. This review provides an overview of various CNT functionalization methods for CNT/PS composites, encompassing covalent grafting with PS-related polymers and non-covalent modification. A focus in this section involves the pre-introduction surface modification of CNTs with PS or PS-related polymers, substantially enhancing both CNT dispersibility and interfacial compatibility within the PS matrix...
March 11, 2024: Polymers
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38543370/investigation-of-the-reaction-between-a-homemade-peek-oligomer-and-an-epoxy-prepolymer-optimisation-of-critical-parameters-using-physico-chemical-methods
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Léopold Stampfer, Cécile Bouilhac, Tiphaine Mérian, France Chabert, Toufik Djilali, Valérie Nassiet, Jean-Pierre Habas
Several researchers have examined the interest in using a thermoplastic to increase thermoset polymers' shock resistance. However, fewer studies have examined the nature of the mechanisms involved between both kinds of polymers. This was the objective of our work, which was carried out using a gradual approach. First, we describe the synthesis of a poly(ether ether ketone) oligomer (oPEEK) with hydroxyl terminations from the reaction of hydroquinone and 4,4'-difluorobenzophenone in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone. Then, the main physicochemical properties of this oligomer were determined using different thermal analyses (i...
March 11, 2024: Polymers
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38543345/specific-fret-probes-sensitive-to-chitosan-based-polymeric-micelles-formation-drug-loading-and-fine-structural-features
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Igor D Zlotnikov, Ivan V Savchenko, Elena V Kudryashova
Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) probes are a promising tool for studying numerous biochemical processes. In this paper, we show the application of the FRET phenomenon to observe the micelle formation from surfactants, micelles self-assembling from chitosan grafted with fatty acid (oleic-OA, or lipoic-LA), cross-linking of SH groups in the micelle's core, and inclusion and release of the model drug cargo from the micelles. Using the carbodiimide approach, amphiphilic chitosan-based polymers with (1) SH groups, (2) crosslinked with S-S between polymer chains, and (3) without SH and S-S groups were synthesized, followed by characterization by FTIR and NMR spectroscopy...
March 8, 2024: Polymers
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38543322/utilization-and-evaluation-of-rice-bran-and-rice-bran-wax-as-a-tablet-lubricant
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ornanong S Kittipongpatana, Karnkamol Trisopon, Phanphen Wattanaarsakit, Nisit Kittipongpatana
The rice bran and rice bran wax of the KJ CMU107 rice strain were investigated as potential tablet lubricants in a directly compressed tablet formulation. Stabilized full-fatted rice bran (sFFRB), stabilized defatted rice bran (sDFRB), and rice bran wax (RBW) extracted and purified from crude rice bran oil (cRBO) were tested. Two commercial lubricants, including magnesium stearate (MGS) and hydrogenated cottonseed oil (HVO), were employed as the standards in the formulated mixtures, which contained spray-dried rice starch (SDRS) as a diluent...
March 20, 2024: Pharmaceutics
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