755

OBJECTIVES: The elimination of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of syphilis has been set as a public health priority. However, an instrument to predict the MTCT of syphilis is not available. We aimed to develop and validate an intuitive nomogram to predict the individualised risk of MTCT in pregnant women with syphilis in China. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. SETTING: Data was acquired from the National Information System of Prevention of MTCT of Syphilis in Guangdong province between 2011 and 2020...

BACKGROUND: Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is the predominant cause of hepatocellular carcinoma in west Africa, yet data on the incidence of HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma remain scarce. We aimed to describe the uptake and early outcomes of systematic ultrasound-based hepatocellular carcinoma screening in SEN-B, which is a prospective HBV cohort in Senegal. METHODS: In this prospective cohort study, we included treatment-naive, HBsAg-positive individuals who were referred to the two infectious diseases clinics (the Department of Tropical and Infectious Diseases and Ambulatory Treatment Center) at Fann University Hospital of Dakar, Senegal, between Oct 1, 2019, and Oct 31, 2022...

BACKGROUND: Poisoning-induced shock is a serious medical emergency with a high mortality rate. Hospitalized poisoned individuals experience multiple adverse cardiovascular events that could progress to cardiac arrest. This study was designed to compare the prognostic role of the admission shock index and plasma copeptin level in shocked poisoned patients and to evaluate their associations with initial patients' characteristics and outcomes. METHODS: We conducted a prospective study on acutely poisoned adult patients...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The duodenal papillae are the primary and essential pathway for ERCP, greatly determining its complexity and outcome. We aimed to investigate the association between papilla morphology and post-ERCP pancreatitis (PEP), and to construct a robust model for PEP prediction. METHODS: We enrolled retrospectively patients underwent ERCP in 2 centers from January 2019 and June 2022. Radiomic features of papilla were extracted from endoscopic images with deep learning...

This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility, safety, and perioperative outcomes of cholecystectomy and hernia repair performed with the Versius Robotic System by a surgeon with no prior robotic surgery experience. A retrospective analysis was conducted on adult patients who underwent cholecystectomy, inguinal, or umbilical hernia repair using the Versius Robotic System between August 2021 and June 2023 et al. Zahra Hospital, Dubai, UAE. A total of 105 patients (mean age 38.9 ± 9.2 years) were included...

Few studies have reported the timing and amount of gestational weight gain (GWG) to prevent large-for-gestational-age (LGA) or small-for-gestational-age (SGA). This study aimed to evaluate the association of GWG velocity in each trimester with LGA or SGA based on data from the Taicang and Wuqiang cohort study (TAWS, n = 2008). We used a linear mixed model to evaluate the association of trimester-specific GWG velocity with birthweight categories and stratified by prepregnancy body mass index category and parity...

Background: The United States has high and increasing rates of maternal morbidity and mortality, large proportions of which are related to cardiovascular health (CVH). Methods: We searched for National Institutes of Health (NIH) supported research as well as that of two other Agencies in the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) for fiscal years (FY) 2016-2021. Grants included maternal health conditions or exposures across all pregnancy stages, but excluded grants that focused entirely on birth, neonatal, infant/childhood outcomes...

INTRODUCTION: Atherosclerosis is a major pathological condition that underlies many cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Its etiology involves breach of tolerance to self, leading to clonal expansion of autoreactive apolipoprotein B (APOB)-reactive CD4+ T cells that correlates with clinical CVD. The T-cell receptor (TCR) sequences that mediate activation of APOB-specific CD4+ T cells are unknown. METHODS: In a previous study, we had profiled the hypervariable complementarity determining region 3 (CDR3) of CD4+ T cells that respond to six immunodominant APOB epitopes in most donors...

Temporary neurological dysfunction (TND), a common complication following surgical repair of Type A Aortic Dissection (TAAD), is closely associated with increased mortality and long-term cognitive impairment. Currently, effective treatment options for TND remain elusive. Therefore, we sought to investigate the potential of postoperative relative band power (RBP) in predicting the occurrence of postoperative TND, with the aim of identifying high-risk patients prior to the onset of TND. We conducted a prospective observational study between February and December 2022, involving 165 patients who underwent surgical repair for TAAD at our institution...

BACKGROUND: This study evaluates the association of diuresis and hydration through a new monitoring indicator called <mml:math xmlns:mml="https://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:msub><mml:mi>U</mml:mi> <mml:mrow><mml:mi>sen</mml:mi></mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:math> and the risk of acute kidney injury in patients treated with cisplatin based-EXTREME regimen. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed all the cycles of patients with recurrent and/or metastatic head and neck cancer who received cisplatin based-EXTREME regimen from June 2008 to July 2022...

INTRODUCTION: The pandemic of COVID-19 continues to impact people worldwide, with more than 755 million confirmed cases and more than 6.8 million reported deaths. Although two types of treatment, antiviral and immunomodulatory therapy, have been approved to date, vaccination has been the best method to control the spread of the disease. OBJECTIVE: To explore factors associated with the intention to be vaccinated with the COVID-19 booster dose in Peru. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Cross-sectional study, using virtual and physical surveys of adults with two or more doses of COVID-19 vaccine, where the dependent variable was the intention to be vaccinated (IBV) with the booster dose...

Background: Much effort and resources have been invested to control malaria transmission in Sub-Saharan Africa, but it remains a major public health problem. For the disease to be transmitted from one person to another, the female Anopheles vector must survive 10-14 days following an infective bite for the Plasmodium gametocytes to develop into infectious sporozoites which can be transmitted to the next person during a bloodmeal. The goal of this investigation was to assess factors associated with wild-caught Anopheles survival and infection following host-seeking and indoor resting...

BACKGROUND: Fordyce angiokeratoma, a benign tiny lesion usually on the scrotum, increases with age and may cause symptoms like itching and bleeding in nearly half of the cases. Although treatment is not always necessary, it is primarily considered for cosmetic reasons in the case of larger or atypical lesions. CASE REPORT: We present the case of a healthy adult male with multiple large red-blue hyperkeratotic nodules and papules on his scrotal skin, causing bleeding upon minor trauma and personal embarrassment...

BACKGROUND: Type 1 diabetes in children is known to be highly heritable, but much less is known about the heritability of adult-onset type 1 diabetes. Thus, our objective was to compare the familial aggregation and heritability of type 1 diabetes in adults and children. METHODS: This Swedish nationwide register-based cohort study included individuals born from Jan 1, 1982, to Dec 31, 2010, identified through the Medical Birth Register who were linked to their parents, full siblings, half siblings, and cousins through the Multi-Generation Register (MGR)...

INTRODUCTION: The rise in cardiovascular disease (CVD) in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) reflects a major shift from communicable to noncommunicable diseases as primary health challenges. Consequently, this study aims to explore the burden of CVD and associated risk factors in SSA using data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) database. METHODS: This study utilized data from the GBD 1990 to 2019 to examine CVD prevalence in 46 SSA countries. We employed Bayesian regression models, demographic techniques, and mortality-to-incidence ratios to analyze both prevalence and mortality rates...

The role of serum albumin (ALB) has been extensively studied in patients with cancer; however, research on its effect on bone metastasis in these patients remains limited. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between serum ALB and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels in patients with tumors. Using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011 to 2018, we assessed the correlation between serum ALB and ALP levels using a weighted multivariate linear regression model, whereas a weighted generalized additive model and smooth curve fitting were used to address potential nonlinearities...

Introduction: Violence during pregnancy (VDP) is a prevalent global issue with dire consequences for the mother and the developing fetus. These consequences include prematurity, low birthweight, and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), but its pathways remain elusive. This study investigated the causal pathways between VDP and IUGR using mediation analysis. Methods: A prospective population-based birth cohort was followed from the beginning of the third gestational trimester to the second year of life. IUGR was defined by the Kramer index, and information on VDP was collected using the WHO-Violence Against Women (WHO VAW) questionnaire...

PURPOSE: Patients with advanced prostate cancer (PCa) often develop castration-resistant PCa (CRPC) with poor prognosis. Prognostic information obtained from multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) and histopathology specimens can be effectively utilized through artificial intelligence (AI) techniques. The objective of this study is to construct an AI-based CRPC progress prediction model by integrating multimodal data. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Data from 399 patients diagnosed with PCa at three medical centers between January 2018 and January 2021 were collected retrospectively...

African Trypanosomiasis caused by trypanosome parasites continues to be a major neglected health problem, particularly in developing countries. Current treatments are marked by serious side effects, low effectiveness, high toxicity, and drug resistance prompting the need to develop novel, safe, effective, and alternative antitrypanosomal compounds. Anopyxis klaineana is an ethnomedicinal plant used in West Africa to treat many ailments including protozoan diseases. In this study, we investigated the antitrypanosomal potential of stem bark extracts of A...

BACKGROUND: Patients often mention distress, anxiety, or claustrophobia related to MRI, resulting in no-shows, disturbances of the workflow, and lasting psychological effects. Patients' experience varies and is moderated by socio-demographic aspects alongside the clinical condition. While qualitative studies help understand individuals' experiences, to date a systematic review and aggregation of MRI individuals' experience is lacking. PURPOSE: To investigate how adult patients experience MRI, and the characterizing factors...