keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38468303/public-attitudes-towards-covid-19-vaccine-mandates-and-vaccine-certificates-in-canada-a-time-series-study
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
David T Zhu, Steven Hawken, Mohamed Serhan, Frank Graves, Jeff Smith, Kumanan Wilson
INTRODUCTION: Since the beginning of the pandemic, numerous public health measures such as COVID-19 vaccines, vaccine mandates and vaccination certificates have been introduced to mitigate the spread of COVID-19. Public opinion and attitudes towards these measures have fluctuated in response to the dynamic political, social, and cultural landscape of the pandemic. METHODS: We conducted a time-series study consisting of national cross-sectional surveys between November 2021 to March 2022 to evaluate the Canadian public's attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccine mandates and vaccine certificates...
March 11, 2024: Archives of Public Health, Archives Belges de Santé Publique
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38465466/pandemic-preparedness-on-the-efficacy-of-non-pharmaceutical-interventions-in-covid-19-and-about-approaches-to-predict-future-pandemic-viruses
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Harald Brüssow
With three major viral pandemics over the last 100 years, namely the Spanish flu, AIDS and COVID-19 each claiming many millions of lives, pandemic preparedness has become an important issue for public health. The economic, social and political consequences of the upheaval caused by such pandemics also represent a major challenge for governments with respect to sustainable development goals. The field of pandemic preparedness is vast and the current article can only address selected aspects. The article looks first backwards and addresses the question of the efficacy of non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPI) on the trajectory of the COVID-19 pandemic...
March 2024: Microbial Biotechnology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38464154/orf48-is-required-for-optimal-lytic-replication-of-kaposi-s-sarcoma-associated-herpesvirus
#23
Beatriz H S Veronese, Amy Nguyen, Khushil Patel, Kimberly Paulsen, Zhe Ma
UNLABELLED: Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) establishes persistent infection in the host by encoding a vast network of proteins that aid immune evasion. One of these targeted innate immunity pathways is the cGAS-STING pathway, which inhibits the reactivation of KSHV from latency. Previously, we identified multiple cGAS/STING inhibitors encoded by KSHV, suggesting that the counteractions of this pathway by viral proteins are critical for maintaining a successful KSHV life cycle...
February 29, 2024: bioRxiv
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38462760/sexual-behaviour-and-stis-among-msm-living-with-hiv-in-the-prep-era-the-french-anrs-primo-cohort-study
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Virginie Baltes, Paul de Boissieu, Karen Champenois, Louise Luan, Rémonie Seng, Asma Essat, Sophie Novelli, Bruno Spire, Jean-Michel Molina, Cécile Goujard, Laurence Meyer
INTRODUCTION: In a context of declining condom use and high sexually transmitted infection (STI) incidence, the diffusion of "treatment as prevention" (Tasp) and more recently pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) may have changed the sexual behaviour of newly diagnosed men who have sex with men (MSM) with HIV. METHODS: Six hundred and nine MSM were enrolled and followed annually between 2014 and 2021 in the ANRS PRIMO Cohort (ClinicalTrials.gov:NCT03148964) from the time of HIV seroconversion...
March 2024: Journal of the International AIDS Society
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38453885/b-cell-memory-from-generation-to-reactivation-a-multipronged-defense-wall-against-pathogens
#25
REVIEW
Madiha Zahra Syeda, Tu Hong, Chunming Huang, Wenhua Huang, Qingchun Mu
Development of B cell memory is a conundrum that scientists are still exploring. Studies have been conducted in vitro and using advanced animal models to elucidate the mechanism underlying the generation of memory B cells (MBCs), the precise roles of MBCs against pathogens, and their protective functions against repeated infections throughout life. Lifelong immunity against invading diseases is mainly the result of overcoming a single infection. This protection is largely mediated by the two main components of B cell memory-MBCs and long-lived plasma cells (PCs)...
March 7, 2024: Cell Death Discovery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38450722/in-silico-development-of-a-novel-anti-mutation-multi-epitope-mrna-vaccine-against-mpxv-variants-of-emerging-lineage-and-sub-lineages-by-using-immunoinformatics-approaches
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Caixia Tan, Jingxiang Zhou, Anhua Wu, Chunhui Li
Over the past year, an unexpected surge in human monkeypox (hMPX) cases has been observed. This outbreak differs from previous ones, displaying distinct epidemiological characteristics and transmission patterns, believed to be influenced by a newly emerging monkeypox virus (MPXV) lineage. Notably, this emerging MPXV lineage has exhibited several non-synonymous mutations, some of which are linked to immunomodulatory activities and antigenic characteristics that aid in host detection. However, specific treatments or vaccines for human monkeypox are currently lacking...
March 7, 2024: Journal of Biomolecular Structure & Dynamics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38445068/the-pandemics-of-mass-destruction-a-comparative-analysis-of-hiv-aids-and-coronavirus-covid-19
#27
REVIEW
Robert Mutemi Kajiita, Simon Murote Kang'ethe
Historically, humanity has suffered and endured deadly pandemics of varying mortality rates. Irrefutably, research shows that the outbreak of pandemics is flooded by mythical and fallacious information among the public, hence stifling the prevention, treatment, and management of diseases. This paper focused on comparing selected aspects of the two pandemics, that is, HIV/AIDS and Coronavirus. This comparative analysis is important for drawing informative lessons for effective response and management of pandemics in the future...
2024: Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38444112/what-does-the-scale-up-of-long-acting-hiv-pre-exposure-prophylaxis-mean-for-the-global-hepatitis-b-epidemic
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Amir M Mohareb, Menan Gérard Kouamé, Marcellin Nouaman, Arthur Y Kim, Joseph Larmarange, Anne M Neilan, Karine Lacombe, Kenneth A Freedberg, Anders Boyd, Patrick Coffie, Emily P Hyle
INTRODUCTION: The HIV and hepatitis B virus (HBV) epidemics are interconnected with shared routes of transmission and specific antiviral drugs that are effective against both viruses. Nearly, 300 million people around the world live with chronic HBV, many of whom are from priority populations who could benefit from HIV prevention services. Oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for HIV has implications in the prevention and treatment of HBV infection, but many people at increased risk of HIV acquisition may instead prefer long-acting formulations of PrEP, which are currently not active against HBV...
March 2024: Journal of the International AIDS Society
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38443277/a-j-paramyxovirus-vectored-hiv-vaccine-induces-humoral-and-cellular-responses-in-mice
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ashley C Beavis, Krista Dienger-Stambaugh, Kelsey Briggs, Zhenhai Chen, Mathew Abraham, Paul Spearman, Biao He
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infects and depletes CD4+ T-cells, resulting in Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) and death. Despite numerous clinical trials, there is no licensed HIV vaccine. The HIV envelope glycoprotein (env) is a major target for vaccine development, especially for the development of antibody-mediated protection. In this study, we used J paramyxovirus (JPV) as a viral vector to express HIV-env. We replaced the JPV small hydrophobic (SH) gene with HIV-env (rJPV-env). Intranasal rJPV-env immunization induced anti-HIV-gp120 IgG antibodies in mice...
March 4, 2024: Vaccine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38441464/construction-of-an-infectious-clone-for-enterovirus-a89-and-mutagenesis-analysis-of-viral-infection-and-cell-binding
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jingjing Yan, Min Wang, Xiaohong Li, Jun Fan, Rui Yu, Miaomiao Kang, Yong Zhang, Jianqing Xu, Xiaoyan Zhang, Shuye Zhang
Enterovirus A89 (EV-A89) is an unconventional strain belonging to the Enterovirus A species. Limited research has been conducted on EV-A89, leaving its biological and pathogenic properties unclear. Developing reverse genetic tools for EV-A89 would help to unravel its infection mechanisms and aid in the development of vaccines and anti-viral drugs. In this study, an infectious clone for EV-A89 was successfully constructed and recombinant enterovirus A89 (rEV-A89) was generated. The rEV-A89 exhibited similar characteristics such as growth curve, plaque morphology, and dsRNA expression with parental strain...
March 5, 2024: Microbiology Spectrum
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38436913/dietary-habits-traveling-and-the-living-situation-potentially-influence-the-susceptibility-to-sars-cov-2-infection-results-from-healthcare-workers-participating-in-the-riscoin-study
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Paul R Wratil, Thu Giang Le Thi, Andreas Osterman, Irina Badell, Melanie Huber, Ana Zhelyazkova, Sven P Wichert, Anna Litwin, Stefan Hörmansdorfer, Frances Strobl, Veit Grote, Tarek Jebrini, Helga P Török, Veit Hornung, Alexander Choukér, Berthold Koletzko, Kristina Adorjan, Sibylle Koletzko, Oliver T Keppler
PURPOSE: To explore occupational and non-occupational risk and protective factors for the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in healthcare workers (HCWs). METHODS: Serum specimens and questionnaire data were obtained between October 7 and December 16, 2021 from COVID-19-vaccinated HCWs at a quaternary care hospital in Munich, Germany, and were analyzed in the RisCoin Study. RESULTS: Of 3,696 participants evaluated, 6.6% have had COVID-19 at least once...
March 4, 2024: Infection
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38435173/hiv-encoded-gene-therapy-as-anti-cancer-therapeutics-a-narrative-review
#32
REVIEW
Pachamuthu Balakrishnan, Sankar Sathish, Shanmugam Saravanan
Recently, there has been interest in using viruses as cancer treatments. Oncolytic virology was founded by scientists who noticed that viruses might preferentially lyse cancer cells over healthy ones. Oncolytic virotherapy has similar obstacles as other treatment approaches, gaining entry into the specific tumour cell, encountering antiviral immune responses, off-target infection and many other unfavourable circumstances in the tumour microenvironment, and a lack of unique therapeutic and predictive biomarkers...
February 2024: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38432651/a-career-in-solving-clinical-pathological-conundrums-heyde-syndrome-anti-platelet-factor-4-disorders-and-microvascular-limb-ischemic-necrosis
#33
REVIEW
Theodore E Warkentin
Hematology is a clinical specialty with strong roots in the laboratory; accordingly, the lab can help solve perplexing clinical problems. This review highlights clinical-pathological conundrums addressed during my 35-year hematology career at McMaster University. Heyde syndrome is the association between aortic stenosis and bleeding gastrointestinal (GI) angiodysplasia where the bleeding is usually cured by aortic valve replacement; the chance reading of a neonatal study showing reversible deficiency of high-molecular-weight (HMW) multimers of von Willebrand factor (vWF) following surgical correction of congenital heart disease provided the key insight that a subtle deficiency of HMW multimers of vWF explains Heyde syndrome...
March 3, 2024: International Journal of Laboratory Hematology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38425680/the-potential-risk-components-and-prevention-measures-of-the-ebola-virus-disease-outbreak-in-liberia-an-in-depth-interview-with-the-health-workers-and-stakeholders
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Moses Tende Stephens, Juniastuti, Sulistiawati, Peter Chilaque Dossen
BACKGROUND: The Ebola virus, a highly infectious and deadly pathogen, has posed a significant public health threat in West Africa for several decades. Liberia is one of the most severely affected countries. Healthcare personnel, including nurses, are on the front lines of patient care, and their perspectives are invaluable in understanding the challenges that arise during outbreaks, especially in implementing prevention measures. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to explore the potential risk components and prevention measures of the Ebola virus disease (EVD)...
2024: Belitung nursing journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38425667/norovirus-in-children-under-2-years-of-age-an-epidemiological-study-in-panama-during-the-covid-19-pandemic
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rodrigo DeAntonio, Morgan Hess-Holtz, Leyda Abrego, Zeuz Capitan-Barrios, Leyla Hernandez Donoso, Tirza De León, Xavier Sáez Llorens, Brechla Moreno, John Gerard Weil
INTRODUCTION: Norovirus infection is a common cause of acute gastroenteritis (AGE). Surveillance activities are important to aid investigation into effective norovirus control strategies, including vaccination. Here, we report ancillary findings related to the incidence, prevalence, and etiology of AGE caused by norovirus in Panama after adjustment of study methodology to comply with national coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) mandates. METHODS: In January 2020, children aged <2 years began enrolling into an epidemiological study in Panama to estimate the burden of norovirus in preparation for evaluating upcoming prevention strategies...
2024: Frontiers in Pediatrics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38425460/promoting-informed-decision-making-about-maternal-pertussis-vaccination-the-systematic-development-of-an-online-tailored-decision-aid-and-a-centering-based-group-antenatal-care-intervention
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Charlotte Anraad, Pepijn van Empelen, Robert A C Ruiter, Marlies Rijnders, Katja van Groessen, Hilde M van Keulen
INTRODUCTION: Maintaining and enhancing vaccine confidence continues to be a challenge. Making an informed decision not only helps to avoid potential future regret but also reduces susceptibility to misinformation. There is an urgent need for interventions that facilitate informed decision-making about vaccines. This paper describes the systematic development of two interventions designed to promote informed decision making and indirectly, acceptance of maternal pertussis vaccination (MPV) in the Netherlands...
2024: Frontiers in Public Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38425120/turkish-translation-and-cross-cultural-validity-of-whoqol-hiv-bref-tool
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Okan Derin, Ahsen Öncül, Hakkı Meriç Türkkan, Nazife Duygu Demirbaş, Özlem Gül, Hüsrev Diktaş, Dilek Yıldız Sevgi, Osman Hayran
BACKGROUND: The assessment of health-related quality of life among people living with HIV (PLWH) has gained increasing importance as it assesses their overall well-being, guides treatment decisions, and addresses psychosocial challenges, improving their quality of life. This study focuses on adapting and validating the Turkish version of the WHOQOL-HIV Bref, a tool developed by the World Health Organization (WHO) to measure health-related quality of life in PLWH. This adaptation is based on the generic WHOQOL-Bref Turkish and WHOQOL-HIV Bref inventory...
February 29, 2024: Current HIV Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38414028/molecular-epidemiology-and-phylogenetic-analysis-of-feline-calicivirus-in-kunshan-china
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Semin Kim, Yixi Cheng, Zhenkun Fang, Xinyue Liu, Qiu Zhongqi, Yu Weidong, Aysun Yilmaz, Huseyin Yilmaz, Sajid Umar
Feline calicivirus (FCV) is a highly contagious virus in cats, which typically causes respiratory tract and oral infections. Despite vaccination against FCV being a regular practice in China, new FCV cases still occur. Antigenic diversity of FCV hinders the effective control by vaccination. This is first report which aims to investigate the molecular epidemiology and molecular characteristics of FCV in Kunshan, China. The nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from cats showing variable clinical signs from different animal clinics in Kunshan from 2022 to 2023...
February 27, 2024: Virology Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38413060/-survival-analysis-on-hiv-aids-cases-newly-received-antiretroviral-therapy-who-coinfected-with-hepatitis-b-virus-in-jiangsu-province-2005-2020
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
T Qiu, P Ding, Z Zhang, X J Zhai
Objective: To analyze the incidence of co-infection of HIV and HBV and death in HIV/AIDS cases who newly received antiretroviral therapy (ART) from 2005-2020 in Jiangsu Province. Methods: According to the baseline and follow-up data of HIV/AIDS cases on ART enrolled between January 2005 and December 2020, the last follow-up clinical visit was up until December 31, 2022, the national information system was retrospectively collected for HIV/AIDS cases from Chinese System Disease for Control and Prevention. Excel database was established, and statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS 16...
February 10, 2024: Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue za Zhi, Zhonghua Liuxingbingxue Zazhi
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38410513/fully-automated-high-throughput-immuno-%C3%A2%C2%B5plaque-assay-for-live-attenuated-tetravalent-dengue-vaccine-development
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yi Wang, Matthew C Troutman, Carl Hofmann, Ariel Gonzalez, Liping Song, Robert Levin, Heidi Yoder Pixley, Kristine Kearns, Pete DePhillips, John W Loughney
Dengue fever has remained a continuing global medical threat that impacts half of the world's population. Developing a highly effective dengue vaccine, with live-attenuated tetravalent vaccines as leading candidates, remains essential in preventing this disease. For the development of live virus vaccines (LVVs), potency measurements play a vital role in quantifying the active components of vaccine drug substance as well as drug product during various stages of research, development, and post-licensure evaluations...
2024: Frontiers in Immunology
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