hyperthrophy

Congenital hypertrophy of intrinsic foot muscles is a rare condition. We report an unusual case of a 24-year-old male with a painless swelling at the plantar and medial aspect of the right foot, which was present since birth. The significant size of deformity and discomfort in wearing shoes were major concerns. MRI revealed expansion of multiple intrinsic foot muscles, which are abductor hallucis, flexor digitorum brevis, and quadratus plantae. We used shear wave elastography (SWE) as an imaging technique besides MRI and ultrasonography, which has not been used or published previously...

<b>Introduction:</b> Tonsillectomy belongs to the most frequently performed surgical treatments; however, the necessity of its performance is questioned. Therefore, there are many attempts to unify and define the indications for the procedure. <br><b>Aim:</b> The main objective of the current dissertation was an analysis of the clinical symptoms occurring in patients qualified for tonsillectomy, as well as a comparison of those with a histopathological image of the removed tonsils in a repeatedly carried out, unified pathomorphological examination...

INTRODUCTION: Short-stem hip prostheses present variable proximal femoral bone radiological findings. The aims of this study were to analyse, in our patients with implanted collum femoris-preserving (CFP) stems, cancellous bone remodelling, cortical distal hypertrophy and pedestal formation, and the relationship between those radiological changes that suggest distal fixation with the size of the stem. METHODS: From October 2001 to December 2012 a total of 199 consecutive primary total hip arthroplasties in 180 patients were performed at our department using the CFP stem and followed up for a minimum of 5 years until December 2017...

Kisspeptin-expressing neurons in the anteroventral periventricular nucleus (AVPV) and the arcuate nucleus (ARC) of the hypothalamus relay hormonal and metabolic information to gonadotropin-releasing hormone neurons, which in turn regulate pituitary and gonadal function. Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) blocks phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), a signaling pathway utilized by peripheral factors to transmit their signals. However, whether PTEN signaling in kisspeptin neurons helps to integrate peripheral hormonal cues to regulate gonadotropin release is unknown...

The oral-facial-digital syndrome belongs to a group of hereditary diseases, manifested by multiple birth defects (usually, the face and fingers). At the current stage, there are 14 genetic variations of the oral-facial-digital syndrome. The presence of various abnormalities of the oral cavity, face and fingers is common for all of them, but each syndrome has a specific phenotype or type of inheritance. The etiology of this syndrome is unknown. It is inherited in an X-linked dominant pattern. Aim of the study: to describe and analyze the clinical case of oral-facial-digital syndrome...

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of Pycnogenol® supplementation in terms of safety and tolerability in the setting of preclinical or borderline, initial symptoms of benign prostatic hyperthrophy (BPH), in otherwise healthy subjects, using Pycnogenol® over a period of 60 days. METHODS: Seventy-five healthy men with symptoms and signs of initial BPH were included. The subjects were divided into three groups: 1) control group using only the standard management (SM); 2) a group using SM plus Pycnogenol® 150 mg/day; 3) a group using standard pharmacological management...

The negative effects of ambient ultraviolet (UVA) on the water environment have been recently highlighted; UVA can create deleterious effects by stimulating stress on pelagic organisms. Little is known about UVA effects on oocyte characteristics of female fish. In the present study we explored the effects of exposure to ecologically relevant levels of simulated UVA radiation on ovaries of two major strains WT (HdrR) and P53 (-/-) of medaka (Oryzias latipes) mature female. Fish were assigned to control and three UVA-exposed groups as (15 min, 30 min, and 60 min/day) for three days and sample selection was 24 h and 14 days after exposure...

BACKGROUND: A major role of the innate immunity in the defence of mucosal tissue is well established. However, a balance between the main components of the immunity such as toll-like receptors (TLRs) and defensins in the pathology of upper respiratory tract in children has not been addressed yet. Our aim was to investigate the gene expression of some TLRs as well as alpha and beta-defensins in children suffered from adenoid hyperthrophy in comparison with healthy children. METHODS: Samples (nasal epithelium and adenoids) from patients with hypertrophic adenoids (n = 77) and control group (n = 33) were investigated...

Edematous states caused by an excessesive extracellular fluid retention are major components of cardiovascular and renal disorders including chronic kidney disease, nephrotic syndrome, and heart failure. The use of diuretic drugs from various groups including loop duiretics are important means of pharmacological correction of these clinical conditions. Moreover, diuretics used to lower bood pressure as a part of antihypertensive treatment, reduce cardiovascular events. The response of patients to the dose of a diuretic is reflected by a sigmoid dose-response curve which can be affected by changes of sodium content in the body...

BACKGROUND: The three-dimensional (3D) system is one of the important factors to engineer a biocompatible and functional scaffold for the applications of cell-based therapies for cartilage repair. The 3D alginate hydrogels system has previously been shown to potentially promote chondrogenesis. The chondrocytic differentiation of co-cultured adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) and nasal chondrocytes (NCs) within alginate constructs are hypothesized to be influenced by concentration of alginate hydrogel...

The interactions between heart and kidney are various and of clinical relevance. Worsening of one organ often influences the function of the other. With NYHA and KDIGO we have classification systems for heart and kidney failure and those should be used for cardiorenal systems as well. Furthermore there is a useful classification system for cardiorenal syndromes itself. Cardiorenal syndrome is a complex illness which should be treated by interdisciplinary medical teams. A key roll in pathophysiology is the renin-angiotensin-aldosteron-system (RAAS)...

The aim of this registry was to evaluate the management of initial symptoms of benign prostatic hyperthrophy (BPH) in otherwise healthy subjects, using Prostaquil® (Alchem) in a 8-week registry. Prostaquil was used at the dosage of 200 mg/day. The product includes Pygeum extract (100 mg) and Saw palmetto oil (35 mg). The two resulting groups standard management and supplement) were comparable. RESULTS: No side effects or comparability problems were observed and compliance was optimal with more than 95% of the capsules correctly used...

AIM: to develop a prediction risk model of prostate cancer based on Indonesia population. METHODS: we included all benign prostate hyperthrophy (BPH) and PCa patients who had prostate biopsy and prostatectomy between January 2009 and December 2013 from 5 urology centers in Indonesia. The relationship between the possibility of PCa with the following variables including: age; PSA level, prostate volume (by transabdominal ultrasound or transrectal ultrasound) and digital rectal examination (DRE) finding...

OBJECTIVES: The primary aim of this study was to assess the ultrasonographic features of hip joints in patients with mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) type I and II in comparison with healthy population. The secondary aims were to correlate these features with clinical measures and to evaluate the utility of ultrasound in the diagnosis of MPS disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixteen MPS I (n = 3) and II (n = 13) patients were enrolled in the present study and underwent clinical and radiological evaluation, and bilateral high-resolution ultrasonography (US) of hip joints...

OBJECTIVES: This study aims to investigate the effects of adenoid hypertrophy on negative middle ear pressure and diagnostic efficiency of tympanogram in the detection of otitis media with effusion in children without parental suspicion of hearing loss. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Fifty-six children (26 boys, 30 girls; mean age 5.9±2.2 years; range, 3 to 12 years) who underwent adenoidectomy were analyzed using otoscopy, nasal endoscopy, and tympanometry (before 1 week and 3 months after adenoidectomy)...

The hormonal abuse in physical exercise practioners is very common. Many pleople believe these substances can promote skeletal muscle hyperthrophy and improve physical fitness without health damaging effects. However, this is another myth that science unmasked. This article updates information regarding abuse of insulin, growth hormone, thyroid hormones, and erythropoitin. The peptide hormone abuse can cause motor paralysis, skeletal muscle damage and loss, diabetes mellitus, hypothyroidism, arterial hypertension, sweating, headaches, vomiting and enhances the risk for atherosclerosis, thrombosis, osteoporosis, and cancer...

INTRODUCTION: Rapidly vanishing lung pseudotumor (phantom tumor) refers to the transient well-demarcated accumulation of pleural fluid in the interlobar pulmonary fissures. Most frequently their appearance is associated with congestive heart failure, but also other disorders like hypoalbuminemia, renal insufficiency or pleuritis. Its rapid disappearance in response to the treatment of the underlying disorder is a classical feature of this clinical entity. CASE REPORT: A 47-year-old woman, chronic smoker with symptoms of shortness of breath, orthopnea, chills, cough, weakness and the temperature of 39...

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to follow longitudinally the prominent ears treated by percutaneous adjustable closed otoplasty (PACO) and evaluate this procedure in terms of technical efficiency, recurrence, complications, and patient satisfaction. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Percutaneous adjustable closed otoplasty was used to treat 28 ears in 15 patients presenting with prominent ear deformities. To determine the success of each operation, distances between the helical rim and scalp were measured at 4 levels preoperatively, at the end of the surgery and again postoperatively at the first week and the first, third, and sixth months...

The worldwide prevalence of obesity and its associated metabolic and cardiovascular disorders has risen dramatically within the past 2 decades. Our objective is to review the mechanisms that link obesity with altered kidney function. Current evidence suggests that excess weight gain may be responsible for 65-75% of the risk for arterial hypertension. Impaired renal pressure natriuresis, initially due to increased renal tubular sodium reabsorption, is a key factor linking obesity with hypertension. Obesity increases renal sodium reabsorption by activating the renin-angiotensin and sympathetic nervous systems, and by altering intrarenal physical forces...

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