cleft palate, middle ear

UNLABELLED: This is an update of the 2015 Guidelines developed by the Japan Otological Society and Oto-Rhino-Laryngeal Society of Japan defining otitis media with effusion (OME) in children (younger than 12 years old) and describing the disease rate, diagnosis, and method of examination. Recommended therapies that received consensus from the guideline committee were updated in consideration of current therapies used in Japan and based on available evidence. METHOD: Regarding the treatment of OME in children, we developed Clinical Questions (CQs) and retrieved documents on each theme, including the definition, disease state, method of diagnosis, and medical treatment...

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the relationship between cleft width and otitis media (OM) and to determine whether a wide cleft palate (CP) is a risk factor of the incidence, type, amount of middle ear effusion, and prolonged morbidity in OM. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. METHODS: Children with CP who underwent palatoplasty between 2014 and 2018 were analyzed. Cleft width was measured at palatoplasty. The incidence of otitis media with effusion (OME) and acute otitis media (AOM), the type and amount of middle ear effusion, and OME duration and age at resolution were assessed in relation to cleft width...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the prevalence of diagnosed Eustachian tube dysfunction and related otologic diagnoses among children with achondroplasia as compared to a control population. METHODS: The TriNetX Analytics Network, a federated health research network that aggregates the de-identified electronic health record data of over 78 million patients across the United States, was queried for patients 18 years old or younger with achondroplasia. Patients in this group with any occurrence of diagnosed Eustachian tube dysfunction or specified otologic diagnoses were recorded and reported...

INTRODUCTION: The best strategy to treat otitis media with effusion in cleft lip/palate patients is still under debate. This research aimed to evaluate the otologic outcomes in children at least five years post-repair. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted on 40 children who underwent palatoplasty between January 1, 2012, and January 1, 2014, at Children's Medical Center (Tehran, Iran). Patients had intervelar veloplasty under magnification (Sommerlad's Technique)...

Purpose: The aims of this study were, in a cohort of children with neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome (NOWS), (a) to report 1-year neurodevelopmental outcomes and specifically characterize speech, language, and hearing outcomes and (b) to report the prevalence of cleft lip and/or cleft palate. Method: This prospective observational cohort study includes newborns with confirmed in utero opioid exposure who received pharmacological treatment for NOWS. During 1-year-old developmental visits, we administered standardized assessments (Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development-Third Edition [Bayley-III] or Developmental Assessment of Young Children-Second Edition [DAYC-2]-due to COVID-19 restrictions)...

Stickler syndrome is a connective tissue disorder characterized by ocular, skeletal, orofacial and auditory manifestations. Its main symptoms are high myopia, retinal detachment, joint hypermobility, early osteoarthritis, cleft palate, midfacial hypoplasia, micrognathia and hearing loss. Large phenotypical variability is apparent and partly explained by the underlying genetic heterogeneity, including collagen genes ( COL2A1 , COL11A1 , COL11A2 , COL9A1 , COL9A2 , COL9A3 ) and non-collagen genes ( BMP4 , LRP2 , LOXL3 )...

Comorbidities are common with craniofacial anomalies and can include auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder (ANSD). Identification of these comorbidities, such as a diagnosis of ANSD, has increased with expanded multi-disciplinary care teams and the use of auditory objective measures. Patients with craniofacial anomalies often have complex medical histories including extreme prematurity and jaundice, which may lead to the development of additional comorbidities. The 5-year-old boy that is the subject of this case study presented with noted developmental delays and residing in foster care with an unknown family/medical history...

OBJECTIVE: We aim to compare the modified Veau-Wardill-Kilner push-back technique (VWK) and the Sommerlad intravelar veloplasty (Sommerlad IVVP) in terms of middle ear outcomes and oronasal fistulae frequency in three years old children. METHODS: For this retrospective cohort study, data were collected and anonymized from consecutive patients with cleft palate (with or without cleft lip) who underwent surgery in our hospital between January 2008 and December 2018...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the prevalence of middle ear cholesteatoma in children with Turner syndrome (TS) as compared to the general population using a large database. METHODS: The TriNetx Analytics Network, a federated health research network that aggregates the de-identified electronic health record data of over 78 million patients across the United States, was queried for patients 18 years old or younger with TS. Patients in this group with any occurrence of a diagnosed middle ear cholesteatoma were recorded and reported...

OBJECTIVE: To assess the changes in hearing after rapid maxillary expansion (RME) and at the end of 6 months retention period in complete unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) patients using pure tone audiometry and tympanometry test. DESIGN: Prospective pilot study. SETTING: Tertiary health care teaching hospital in New Delhi. PATIENTS: This study was conducted on 6 UCLP patients in the age range of 6-14 years with normal ear anatomy...

The case series details 2 unusual cases of male newborns with cleft lip and palate (CLP) that later developed formula otorrhea. Both patients underwent bilateral myringotomies with the insertion of pressure equalizing (PE) tubes for chronic otitis media with effusion (OME). Chronic otorrhea associated with feeding occurred post-PE tube insertion and the otorrhea was later confirmed to be due to reflux of formula. Patients were treated with antibiotic ear drops, routine ear cleaning, anti-reflux medication, and reflux precautions...

Acute otitis media (AOM) is an acute infection of the middle ear and, depending on the age of the child, the certainty of diagnosis, and the severity of symptoms, should be either observed closely or treated (with high-dose amoxicillin, if not allergic). Host-related risk factors such as age, sex, cleft palate, or genetic predisposition or environmental risk factors such as seasonality, day care attendance, or tobacco smoke exposure may contribute to recurrent AOM (RAOM) episodes. Tympanostomy tubes are recommended in children with RAOM and an abnormal ear examination at the time of the clinic evaluation...

OBJECTIVE: To understand the indication for and the effects of early ventilation tube insertion (VTI) on hearing and speech for patients with cleft lip and/or palate (CLP). DESIGN: We conducted a Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA)-guided systematic review of relevant literature. SETTING: Setting varied by geographical location and level of clinical care across studies. PATIENTS, PARTICIPANTS: Patients with CLP who underwent VTI were included...

OBJECTIVE: Cleft palates are one of the most common congenital malformations. Because of the loss of Eustachian tube function, middle-ear ventilation is reduced. The aim of this study was to determine if middle-ear effusions were present at birth or at the three-month audiological evaluation. METHOD: A total of 53 children with a cleft palate were included. Data review included the results of newborn hearing screening, microscopic findings, a tympanometry, a free field audiometry and intra-operative findings...

OBJECTIVE: To compare the incidence of middle ear effusion (MEE) at the time of bilateral tympanostomy tube insertion (BTI) for recurrent acute otitis media (rAOM) patients initially seen in-office or via telehealth. METHODS: After obtaining IRB approval from Nationwide Children's Hospital, a total of 524 patients evaluated for rAOM were retrospectively reviewed after being divided into two cohorts: those seen via a telehealth visit from April to June of 2020 (n = 140), and those seen via an in-person visit from April to June of 2019 (n = 384)...

PURPOSE: Otitis media with effusion (OME), recurrent acute otitis media and conductive hearing loss (CHL) are significantly prevalent in children with cleft palate (CP) and cleft lip and palate (CLP). Rapid Maxillary Expansion (RME) appears to have a positive effect also on middle ear disorders in these patients. The study aims to offer a prospective evaluation of RME effects in a group of patients with CP/CLP in terms of OME, CHL. METHODS: A prospective observational study was conducted...

OBJECTIVE: There have been few studies on the anatomy of palatine aponeurosis (PA). Herein, we elucidated the relationship between the PA and soft palate muscles and pharyngeal muscles. DESIGN: Two cadaveric specimens were dissected to observe the gross anatomy of the PA. Six cadaveric specimens were processed and scanned by micro-computed tomography to determine the elaborate anatomy. Images were exported to Mimics software to reconstruct a three-dimensional model...

PURPOSE: Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) mitigation measures have led to a sustained reduction in tympanostomy tube (TT) placement in the general population. The present aim was to determine if TT placement has also decreased in children at risk for chronic otitis media with effusion (COME), such as those with cleft palate (CP). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cohort study with medical record review was performed including consecutive children, ages 0-17 years, undergoing primary palatoplasty at a tertiary children's hospital February 2019-January 2020 (pre-COVID) or May 2020-April 2021 (COVID)...

INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE: Cyclopia is a rare congenital disorder characterized by facial abnormalities. In this condition, the orbits of the eye are not properly divided into two cavities so that they can be seen either as a single eye field or two bilateral fields that are very close to each other. This syndrome affects the embryos that are either aborted or stillborn upon delivery or, at best, die shortly after birth. CASE PRESENTATION: This case report is of a 37-week- and 5-day-old female fetus with a birth weight of 2300 g, a height of 43 cm, and a head circumference of 31 cm...

OBJECTIVE: Cleft lip palate (CLP) and cleft palate (CP) patients have a higher incidence of otitis media with effusion (OME) and conductive hearing problems. This article aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a 6-month course of self-administered autoinflation therapy in paediatric CP/CLP patients in terms of conductive hearing loss (CHL) and OME prevalence. METHODS: Fifty-one patients with surgically corrected CP/CLP and diagnosis of OME received indication to 6-months autoinflation therapy with an Otovent® device...