Gastric paresis

Affinity probes are useful tools for determining molecular targets and elucidating mechanism of action for novel, bioactive compounds. In the case of covalent inhibitors, activity based probes are particularly valuable for ensuring acceptable selectivity margins. However, there is a variety of bioorthogonal chemistry reactions available for modifying compounds of interest with clickable tags. Here, we describe a direct comparison of tetrazine ligation and strain promoted azide-alkyne cycloaddition using benzimidazole based probes to bind their known target, the gastric proton pump, ATP4A...

Metastatic temporal bone tumors are rare, and tend to be asymptomatic. The clinical symptoms consist of aural discharge, bleeding, hearing loss and facial nerve paresis. The most common origin of the metastasis is breast cancer, and other sites of the primary tumor include the thyroid gland, brain, lungs, prostate and blood. Clinical reports of hearing loss due to gastric cancer metastatic to temporal bone are rare. In the present study, a case of gastric cancer metastasis to temporal bone without other organ involvement is described...

Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is effective in refractory epilepsy and depression and is being investigated in heart failure, headache, gastric motility disorders and asthma. The first VNS device required surgical implantation of electrodes and a stimulator. Adverse events (AEs) are generally associated with implantation or continuous on-off stimulation. Infection is the most serious implantation-associated AE. Bradycardia and asystole have also been described during implantation, as has vocal cord paresis, which can last up to 6 months and depends on surgical skill and experience...

Background: Gastral nutrition in critically ill surgical patients can be difficult because of gastric paresis and a large number of patients fail to reach required caloric intake. Endoscopic or radiologic placement of nasointestinal tube is frequently performed with delay and may raise the risks for critical ill patients. Objective: Bedside placement of electromagnetically guided nasointestinal tube (EGNT) may reduce the risk of x-ray exposure, "time out of ward" and caloric deficit. Methods: All patients in a surgical intensive care unit with need of post-pyloric feeding tube placement were identified...

Background: Gastral nutrition in critically ill surgical patients can be difficult because of gastric paresis and a large number of patients fail to reach required caloric intake. Endoscopic or radiologic placement of nasointestinal tube is frequently performed with delay and may raise the risks for critical ill patients. Objective: Bedside placement of electromagnetically guided nasointestinal tube (EGNT) may reduce the risk of x-ray exposure, "time out of ward" and caloric deficit. Methods: All patients in a surgical intensive care unit with need of post-pyloric feeding tube placement were identified...

BACKGROUND: Gastral nutrition in critically ill surgical patients can be difficult because of gastric paresis and a large number of patients fail to reach required caloric intake. Endoscopic or radiologic placement of nasointestinal tube is frequently performed with delay and may raise the risks for critical ill patients. OBJECTIVE: Bedside placement of electromagnetically guided nasointestinal tube (EGNT) may reduce the risk of x-ray exposure, "time out of ward" and caloric deficit...

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to analyze the early postoperative outcome of esophageal cancer treated by subtotal esophageal resection, gastric interposition and either intrathoracic or cervical anastomosis in a single center study. METHODS: 72 patients who received either a cervical or intrathoracic anastomosis after esophageal resection for esophageal cancer were matched by age and tumor stage. Collected data from these patients were analyzed retrospectively regarding morbidity and mortality rates...

Gastroparesis is often divided into subsets based on etiology and pathophysiology; however, the utility of these subsets in the diagnosis and treatment of gastro-paresis is not well defined. The objectives are to consider the subsets of gastroparesis from the perspectives of etiology and pathogenesis, pathophysiology, histopathology, and clinical associations, with particular focus on similarities and differences between diabetic and idiopathic gastroparesis and consideration of the potential subset of painful gastroparesis...

Severe trauma triggers endocrine and inflammatory responses, leading to hyperglycaemia, insulin resistance and protein catabolism. Pharmacological and nutritional interventions cannot counteract these metabolic disturbances. However, adequate supply of energy and proteins may reduce excessive catabolism.Available guidelines recommend early use of enteral nutrition with energetic supply of about 25 kcal/kg and additional protein supply of 1.5 g/kg/day. These aims will be missed frequently by solely providing enteral nutrition in severely injured patients...

There is little evidence to guide the choice of intravenous anesthetic agent to treat refractory status epilepticus but midazolam, propofol, and barbiturates are widely used. It is impractical to use inhalational anesthetic agents in most circumstances and there is little experience with non-GABA-ergic agents such as ketamine. A more aggressive treatment approach, aiming for EEG suppression, is most likely to result in sustained cessation of seizure activity but this is associated with increased treatment-related complications...

Organ failure secondary to fibrosis is the main cause of morbidity and death in patients with systemic sclerosis. Gastrointestinal tract dysmotility is a major visceral manifestation, clinically ranging from an asymptomatic form to severe paresis. Although the oesophagus is the most frequently affected part of the gastrointestinal tract, all other segments can be involved. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the histopathological changes of the gastric wall in a series of full-thickness biopsies from systemic sclerosis patients who underwent gastric surgery due to severe gastroesophageal involvement...

We focused on abdominal aorta, clamped and transected bellow renal arteries, and aortic termino-terminal anastomosis created in Albino male rats. We suggested stomach cytoprotection theory holding endothelium protection and peptidergic anti-ulcer cytoprotection therapy to improve management of abdominal aorta anastomosis and thrombus formation. The stable gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157 (GEPPPGKPADDAGLV, MW 1419) is a small anti-ulcer peptide efficient in inflammatory bowel disease trials (PL 14736) and various wound treatment, no toxicity reported...

Amyloidosis is a rare disease caused by extracellular deposits of insoluble fibrillar proteins in various organs and tissues. There are different forms of amyloidosis distinguished by the type of protein fibrils, by the sites of deposition and by associated conditions. Gastrointestinal involvement is common both in primary and secondary amyloidosis, while isolated gastrointestinal amyloidosis is rare. We describe a case of AL amyloidosis with a gastrointestinal involvement and restrictive cardiomiopathy. A 64 year old woman came to our attention with a history of chronic diarrhoea and weight loss, associated with dysphagia, dry mouth, xerophtalmia, chronic gastritis and depression...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinic effect of abdominal needling (AN) on post-cardiosurgical operational gastrointestinal dysfunction. METHODS: Sixty patients were equally assigned to two groups, the AN group and the control group. AN applied on the AN group was conducted by needling at Xiawan (Ren 10), Qihai (Ren 6), Qipang, Guanyuan (Ren 4), Qixue, Shuifen (Ren 9), Tianshu (St. 25) and Daju (St. 27), starting from the first day after operation, once every day with the needle retained time of 20 min, 5 days as one therapeutic course...

A 13-year-old previously asymptomatic patient presented with abdominal pain and vomiting. Chest radiogram revealed a left intrathoracic stomach. Laparotomy confirmed a dilated, hypertrophic stomach herniating through a left Bochdalek hernia. The patient recovered after a period of prolonged gastric paresis. While highlighting the importance of considering this condition in the differential diagnosis of a cystic lesion in the chest, this article also postulates a mechanism for the hypertrophic gastric dilatation in a late presentation of a congenital diaphragmatic hernia...

Obesity and diabetes, termed "diabesity," are serious health problems that are increasing in frequency. However, the molecular mechanisms and neuronal regulation of these metabolic disorders are not fully understood. We show here that Shp2, a widely expressed Src homology 2-containing Tyr phosphatase, plays a critical role in the adult brain to control food intake, energy balance, and metabolism. Mice with a neuron-specific, conditional Shp2 deletion were generated by crossing a pan-neuronal Cre-line (CRE3) with Shp2(flox/flox) mice...

OBJECTIVE: Acute gastric dilatation (AGD) is a very rare entity which can sometimes be life-threatening. We report a case of a patient presenting with a rupture of a BCA during the treatment of AGD. METHOD: A 24-year-old woman, who had a history of bulimia and vomiting episodes, was transferred in shock with marked abdominal distension. A large nasogastric tube was inserted, and 9 liters of viscous gastric contents were drained out. Her circulation became stable...

This paper describes two different cases of acute suicidal arsenic trioxide intoxication. Case no 1. A 38-year-old man, alcohol abuser, who ingested 4-5 g dental paste, which corresponds to 2.2-2.7 g of pure arsenic trioxide, developed gastritis with vomiting and abdominal pain, but without diarrhea. No cardiovascular collapse or renal failure were observed. The patient developed also symptoms of central nervous system injury (minor left paresis) and transient hepatic impairment. A head CT revealed no pathological changes in the brain...

BACKGROUND: This study investigated the use of robotics to perform extended esophageal resection in a series of patients. METHODS: A total of 14 patients with a median age of 64 years underwent esophagectomy using the da Vinci robot. At presentation, there were 12 cases of cancer, staged at T2N1 (n = 2), T3N0 (n = 2), T3N1 (n = 6), T4N1 (n = 1), and M1a (n = 1); 2 cases of high-grade dysplasia; 8 cases of adenocarcinoma; and 4 cases of squamous cell cancer; as well as 2 middle third, 9 lower third, and one gastroesophageal junction tumor...

OBJECTIVE: Gastric paresis in traumatic brain injury (TBI) hinders the effectiveness of enteral support in this patient group. In this study we have investigated the effect of metoclopramide on gastric emptying in TBI patients. METHOD: In this prospective, randomized, controlled, double-blind study, 19 TBI patients with Glasgow Coma Scale scores of 3-11 were included. In all patients, enteral nutrition was commenced with a nasogastric feeding tube within 48 hours of trauma...