keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38546531/characterization-of-the-neurochemical-and-behavioral-effects-of-the-phenethylamine-2-cl-4-5-mdma-in-adolescent-and-adult-male-rats
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gessica Piras, Cristina Cadoni, Francesca Caria, Nicholas Pintori, Enrica Spano, Maksims Vanejevs, Anastasija Ture, Graziella Tocco, Nicola Simola, Maria Antonietta De Luca
BACKGROUND: The proliferation of Novel Psychoactive Substances (NPS) in the drug market raises concerns about uncertainty on their pharmacological profile and the health hazard linked to their use. Within the category of synthetic stimulant NPS, the phenethylamine 2-Cl-4,5-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (2-Cl-4,5-MDMA) has been linked to severe intoxication requiring hospitalization. Thereby, the characterization of its pharmacological profile is urgently warranted. METHODS: By in vivo brain microdialysis in adolescent and adult male rats we investigated the effects of 2-Cl-4,5-MDMA on dopamine (DA) and serotonin (5-HT) neurotransmission in two brain areas critical for the motivational and reinforcing properties of drugs, the nucleus accumbens (NAc) shell and the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC)...
March 28, 2024: International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38545521/prevalence-of-psychiatric-disorders-in-chhattisgarh-findings-from-national-mental-health-survey
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lokesh Kumar Singh, Anjan Kumar Giri, Vivek Chhalotre, Ravi Kumar Sharma, Girish N Rao, Gururaj Gopalkrishna, Mathew Varghese, Prabhat Chand, Veena A Satyanarayana, D Muralidhar, Aditya Somani
BACKGROUND: Psychiatric disorders are among the leading contributors to disability in India and worldwide. The pattern, prevalence, and distribution of psychiatric disorders in the country and its regions need to be assessed to facilitate early diagnosis and treatment. No study on the epidemiology of psychiatric disorders has been conducted in the Chhattisgarh state. This paper, as part of the National Mental Health Survey (NMHS), discusses the prevalence and pattern of psychiatric disorders in Chhattisgarh state...
November 2023: Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38543532/diversity-and-biotechnological-potential-of-cultivable-halophilic-and-halotolerant-bacteria-from-the-los-negritos-geothermal-area
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Joseph Guevara-Luna, Ivan Arroyo-Herrera, Erika Yanet Tapia-García, Paulina Estrada-de Los Santos, Alma Juliet Ortega-Nava, María Soledad Vásquez-Murrieta
Soil salinization is negatively affecting soils globally, and the spread of this problem is of great concern due to the loss of functions and benefits offered by the soil resource. In the present study, we explored the diversity of halophilic and halotolerant microorganisms in the arable fraction of a sodic-saline soil without agricultural practices and two soils with agricultural practices (one sodic and one saline) near the geothermal area "Los Negritos" in Villamar, Michoacán state. This was achieved through their isolation and molecular identification, as well as the characterization of their potential for the production of metabolites and enzymes of biotechnological interest under saline conditions...
February 27, 2024: Microorganisms
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38543295/combination-of-betulinic-acid-fragments-and-carbonic-anhydrase-inhibitors-a-new-drug-targeting-approach
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Matthias Bache, Niels V Heise, Andreas Thiel, Anne Funtan, Franziska Seifert, Marina Petrenko, Antje Güttler, Sarah Brandt, Thomas Mueller, Dirk Vordermark, Iris Thondorf, René Csuk, Reinhard Paschke
Human carbonic anhydrase IX (hCA IX) is a zinc(II)-dependent metalloenzyme that plays a critical role in the conversion of carbon dioxide and water to protons and bicarbonate. It is a membrane-bound protein with an extracellular catalytic center that is predominantly overexpressed in solid hypoxic tumors. Sulfamates and sulfonamides, for example acetazolamide (AZA), have been used to inhibit hCA IX in order to improve the response to solid hypoxic tumors. In the present study, we propose a new drug targeting approach by attaching the natural cytotoxic substances betulin and betulinic acid (BA) via a linker to sulfonamides...
March 14, 2024: Pharmaceutics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38543195/measuring-and-modeling-of-melt-viscosity-for-drug-polymer-mixtures
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Vincent Kimmel, Enrico Ercolin, Robin Zimmer, Muhammet Yörük, Judith Winck, Markus Thommes
Melt viscosity is an essential property in pharmaceutical processes such as mixing, extrusion, fused deposition modeling, and melt coating. Measuring and modeling of the melt viscosity for drug/polymer mixtures is essential for optimization of the manufacturing process. In this work, the melt viscosity of nine formulations containing the drug substances acetaminophen, itraconazole, and griseofulvin, as well as the pharmaceutical polymers Eudragit EPO, Soluplus, and Plasdone S-630, were analyzed with a rotational and oscillatory rheometer...
February 21, 2024: Pharmaceutics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38543172/effect-of-matricaria-aurea-essential-oils-on-biofilm-development-virulence-factors-and-quorum-sensing-dependent-genes-of-pseudomonas-aeruginosa
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Haitham Qaralleh, Sultan Ayesh Mohammed Saghir, Muhamad O Al-Limoun, Saif M Dmor, Khaled Khleifat, Basma Ezzat Mustafa Al-Ahmad, Laila Al-Omari, Yasser Tabana, Ramzi A Mothana, Hanan M Al-Yousef, Abdulaziz M Alqahtani
The emergence of drug-resistant microorganisms presents a substantial global public health threat. The increase in pathogens resistant to commonly prescribed antibiotics underscores the urgent requirement to explore alternative treatment strategies. This study adopts a novel approach by harnessing natural resources, specifically essential oils (EO), to combat bacterial pathogenicity. The primary aim of this research was to analyze the chemical composition of the aerial part of the Matricaria aurea ( M. aureas ) EO and evaluate its potential for inhibiting quorum sensing (QS) and disrupting biofilm formation in Pseudomonas aeruginosa ( P ...
March 18, 2024: Pharmaceuticals
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38542884/a-cell-penetrating-peptide-improves-anti-her2-single-chain-variable-fragment-internalization-and-antitumor-activity-against-her2-positive-breast-cancer-in-vitro-and-in-vivo
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Junmin Li, Yanting Zhou, Zhuowei Su, Xue Li, Lei Zhang, Shan Li
Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) are invaluable tools for delivering various substances into cells by crossing biological membranes. However, the effects of cell-penetrating peptide fusion proteins on the biological activity of antibodies remain to be fully understood. Here, we engineered a recombinant protein, LP-scFv, which combines the single-chain variable region of anti-human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 with a novel and non-oxic cell-penetrating peptide as a leader peptide. The introduction of this leader peptide led to a more than twofold increase in the internalization efficiency of the single-chain antibody, as confirmed using microscopic analysis and flow cytometry...
March 11, 2024: Molecules: a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38542805/methionine-supplementation-alleviates-the-germ-cell-apoptosis-increased-by-maternal-caffeine-intake-in-a-c-elegans-model
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hyemin Min, Juhae Kim, Mijin Lee, Sangwon Kang, Yhong-Hee Shim
Caffeine (1,3,7-trimethylxanthine) is a widely consumed bioactive substance worldwide. Our recent study showed that a reduction in both reproduction and yolk protein production (vitellogenesis) caused by caffeine intake were improved by vitamin B12 supplementation, which is an essential co-factor in methionine metabolism. In the current study, we investigated the role of methionine in the reproduction of caffeine-ingested animals (CIAs). We assessed the effect of methionine metabolism on CIAs and found that caffeine intake decreased both methionine levels and essential enzymes related to the methionine cycle...
March 20, 2024: Nutrients
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38542425/optical-intracranial-self-stimulation-oicss-a-new-behavioral-model-for-studying-drug-reward-and-aversion-in-rodents
#9
REVIEW
Rui Song, Omar Soler-Cedeño, Zheng-Xiong Xi
Brain-stimulation reward, also known as intracranial self-stimulation (ICSS), is a commonly used procedure for studying brain reward function and drug reward. In electrical ICSS (eICSS), an electrode is surgically implanted into the medial forebrain bundle (MFB) in the lateral hypothalamus or the ventral tegmental area (VTA) in the midbrain. Operant lever responding leads to the delivery of electrical pulse stimulation. The alteration in the stimulation frequency-lever response curve is used to evaluate the impact of pharmacological agents on brain reward function...
March 19, 2024: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38542036/sexualized-drug-use-and-chemsex-among-men-who-have-sex-with-men-in-europe-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis
#10
REVIEW
Marina Coronado-Muñoz, Emilio García-Cabrera, Angélica Quintero-Flórez, Encarnación Román, Ángel Vilches-Arenas
Background: In recent years, in Europe, there has been a growing concern about the use of sexualized drugs among men who have sex with men (MSM), due to its possible link to an increase in sexually transmitted infections. The aim of this review is to study the prevalence of chemsex, and the sexualized drug used in Europe, describing both different consumption patterns and other sexual behaviors considered risky and their possible relationship with positivity in diagnoses of sexually transmitted infections, including human immunodeficiency virus...
March 21, 2024: Journal of Clinical Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38541995/children-intoxicated-with-psychoactive-substances-the-health-status-on-admission-to-hospital-based-on-medical-records
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dorota Kosiorek, Jolanta Lewko, Ewa Romankiewicz
Introduction: Alcohol is the most common psychoactive substance among young people. The use of psychoactive substances gives rise to a number of health, social, moral and economic problems. The aim of the study was to characterise the symptoms reported by children and adolescents presenting with psychoactive substance intoxication on admission to hospital. Methods: The study included a group of 303 patients aged 0 to 18 years, diagnosed with psychoactive substance intoxication. This retrospective study assessed medical records of patients hospitalised at the Provincial Specialist Children's Hospital in Olsztyn between 2016 and 2018...
March 20, 2024: Journal of Clinical Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38541503/a-review-of-chloride-penetration-of-recycled-concrete-with-enhancement-treatment-and-service-life-prediction
#12
REVIEW
Yuanzhan Wang, Jing Liao, Baohua Zhang
The application of recycled coarse aggregate (RA) in structural concrete can save non-renewable resources and reduce land occupation. Developing comprehensive knowledge of chloride penetration and service life modeling of recycled coarse aggregate concrete (RAC) is a prerequisite for practice. However, compared with the natural aggregate concrete (NAC), the inferior durability performance, especially chloride penetration resistance, of RAC hinders its application in structural concrete. Therefore, many RAC performance enhancement methods have been proposed...
March 15, 2024: Materials
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38541192/metaphedrone-3-methylmethcathinone-pharmacological-clinical-and-toxicological-profile
#13
REVIEW
Igor Kelečević, Ana-Marija Vejnović, Jovan Javorac, Nemanja Gvozdenović, Nataša Janjić, Vesna Mijatović Jovin
Introduction: Synthetic cathinones are a group of novel psychoactive substances used as an alternative to classical recreational drugs. As a result of legal prohibitions on older generations of these compounds, new formulations appeared on the drug market. One of them is metaphedrone (3-methylmethcathinone, 3-MMC), a structural isomer of 4-methylmethcathinone and a psychostimulant drug. Metaphedrone became popular in a large number of countries in a short period of time. The aim: The collection, analysis, and review of relevant research on the subject of metaphedrone in order to present information about the pharmacological, clinical, and toxicological profile of this compound...
March 12, 2024: Medicina
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38540358/the-influence-of-genetic-polymorphic-variability-of-the-catechol-o-methyltransferase-gene-in-a-group-of-patients-with-a-diagnosis-of-behavioural-addiction-including-personality-traits
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Remigiusz Recław, Krzysztof Chmielowiec, Aleksandra Suchanecka, Agnieszka Boroń, Jolanta Chmielowiec, Aleksandra Strońska-Pluta, Michał Tomasz Kowalski, Jolanta Masiak, Grzegorz Trybek, Anna Grzywacz
Gambling Disorder (GD) is characterised by a harmful, enduring, and recurrent involvement in betting-related behaviours. Therefore, GD shares similar biological mechanisms and symptoms to substance use disorders (SUD). Therefore, in this study, we chose the behavioural addictions group. During the examination and recruitment to the study, it turned out that all the people undergoing treatment for gambling addiction were also addicted to amphetamines, which is consistent with the biological mechanism related to cerebral neurotransmission...
February 26, 2024: Genes
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38537867/oxytocin-and-social-learning-in-socially-anxious-men-and-women
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Aleya Flechsenhar, Seth M Levine, Laura E Müller, Sabine C Herpertz, Katja Bertsch
OBJECTIVE: This study extended a classic self-referential learning paradigm by investigating the effects of intranasally-administered oxytocin in high and low socially anxious participants during social learning, as a function of social anxiety levels and sex. METHODS: In a randomized double-blinded design, 160 participants were either given intranasal oxytocin (24 I·U.) or placebo. Subsequently, while lying in an MR scanner, participants were shown neutral faces that were paired with positively, neutrally, or negatively valenced self-referential sentences, during which we measured self-reported arousal and sympathy of the facial stimuli, pupil dilation, and changes in the brain-oxygen-level dependent signal...
March 25, 2024: Neuropharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38537847/knockdown-of-mapk-p38-linked-genes-increases-the-susceptibility-of-chilo-suppressalis-larvae-to-various-transgenic-bt-rice-lines
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xurong Niu, Jialiang Jiang, Yajie Sun, J Joe Hull, Weihua Ma, Hongxia Hua, Yongjun Lin
Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) toxins have provided exceptional control of agricultural insect pests, however, over reliance on the proteins would potentially contribute to the development of field tolerance. Developing new sustainable insect pest control methods that target the mechanisms underlying Bt tolerance can potentially support the Bt control paradigm while also providing insights into basic insect physiology. The MAPK p38 pathway is strongly associated with Bt tolerance in Chilo suppressalis, a major pest of rice...
March 25, 2024: International Journal of Biological Macromolecules
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38537534/chromatin-compaction-by-polycomb-group-proteins-revisited
#17
REVIEW
Michael Uckelmann, Chen Davidovich
The chromatin compaction activity of Polycomb group proteins has traditionally been considered essential for transcriptional repression. However, there is very little information on how Polycomb group proteins compact chromatin at the molecular level and no causal link between the compactness of chromatin and transcriptional repression. Recently, a more complete picture of Polycomb-dependent chromatin architecture has started to emerge, owing to advanced methods for imaging and chromosome conformation capture...
March 26, 2024: Current Opinion in Structural Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38537476/wearing-face-masks-as-a-potential-source-for-inhalation-and-oral-uptake-of-inanimate-toxins-a-scoping-review
#18
REVIEW
Kai Kisielinski, Stefan Hockertz, Oliver Hirsch, Stephan Korupp, Bernd Klosterhalfen, Andreas Schnepf, Gerald Dyker
BACKGROUND: From 2020 to 2023 many people around the world were forced to wear masks for large proportions of the day based on mandates and laws. We aimed to study the potential of face masks for the content and release of inanimate toxins. METHODS: A scoping review of 1003 studies was performed (database search in PubMed/MEDLINE, qualitative and quantitative evaluation). RESULTS: 24 studies were included (experimental time 17 min to 15 days) evaluating content and/or release in 631 masks (273 surgical, 228 textile and 130 N95 masks)...
March 26, 2024: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38537432/i-can-t-believe-i-missed-that-how-the-fear-of-missing-out-impacts-on-alcohol-behaviours
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Joel Crawford, Andrew Jones, Abigail Rose, Richard Cooke
BACKGROUND: The Fear of Missing Out (FoMO), which is often experienced over missing opportunities for social gains associated with drinking, has been linked to heavy episodic drinking and experiencing negative consequences. The UK Coronavirus (COVID-19)-related lockdown provided a unique context to study FoMO's ability to predict of alcohol consumption. The aim of the current study was to test if FoMO predicted alcohol consumption during a time of social restrictions. METHODS: One hundred and five UK adults (aged 18-30, 61% female) participated in a study using an ecological momentary assessment design...
March 23, 2024: Drug and Alcohol Dependence
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535943/the-influence-of-textile-type-textile-weight-and-detergent-dosage-on-microfiber-emissions-from-top-loading-washing-machines
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Pongsiri Julapong, Palot Srichonphaisarn, Thidarat Meekoch, Carlito Baltazar Tabelin, Onchanok Juntarasakul, Theerayut Phengsaart
The use of washing machines to wash textiles gradually breaks down synthetic fibers like polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or polyester (PES) in diverse clothing materials, a process that is growing in notoriety because it generates microplastics (MPs). In this study, we investigated the emission of microfibers, including both microplastic fibers (MPFs) and natural fibers (MFs), from top-loading washing machines. Our investigation focused on four popular textiles with prevalent weave structures (plain, satin, and twill): (i) PES, (ii) tetron cotton (TC), (iii) chief value cotton (CVC), and (iv) cotton (CO) fabrics...
March 12, 2024: Toxics
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