Diphenhydramine

A new green micellar liquid chromatographic method has been developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of diphenhydramine (DPH) and tripelennamine hydrochloride (TRP) using a micellar mobile phase consisting of 1 mM Tween 20 in phosphate buffer pH 4:isopropanol (85:15, %v/v). The method was linear in the range of 4-150 and 5-120 μg/mL for TRP and DPH, respectively. The method was successfully applied for the simultaneous determination of DPH and TRP in a laboratory-prepared gel containing all possible excipients with mean percent recoveries ± standard deviation of 100...

DISCLAIMER: In an effort to expedite the publication of articles, AJHP is posting manuscripts online as soon as possible after acceptance. Accepted manuscripts have been peer-reviewed and copyedited, but are posted online before technical formatting and author proofing. These manuscripts are not the final version of record and will be replaced with the final article (formatted per AJHP style and proofed by the authors) at a later time. PURPOSE: Orolingual angioedema (OA) secondary to administration of thrombolytic therapy is a rare, but serious, known adverse effect...

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To compare the occurrence of cefazolin perioperative anaphylaxis (POA) in patients with and without a penicillin allergy label (PAL) to determine whether the prevalence of cefazolin POA differs based on the presence of a PAL. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTING: A large U.S. healthcare system in the Baltimore-D.C. region, July 2017 to July 2020. PATIENTS: 112,817 surgical encounters across inpatient and outpatient settings in various specialties, involving 90,089 patients...

BACKGROUND: The overdose crisis driven by synthetic opioids continues to escalate in the USA. We evaluated the efficacy of multiple manufacturing lots of a fentanyl test strip (FTS) to detect fentanyl and fentanyl analogs and assessed cross-reactivity with possible interferences. METHODS: Drug standards were dissolved in water in a laboratory setting and serially diluted. Drug dilutions were tested using five different manufacturing lots of BTNX Rapid Response (20 ng/mL cutoff) lateral flow chromatographic immunoassay strips to assess lot-to-lot variability for FTS sensitivity and cross-reactivity for the analytes of interest...

Pharmaceuticals are receiving increasing attention as emerging contaminants in the aquatic environment. Herein, we investigated the occurrence of 11 antidepressants, 6 antihistamines and 4 metabolites in treated wastewater effluents, rivers, stormwater, and seawater in Hong Kong, with special focus on chirality. The average levels of ∑pharmaceuticals ranged from 0.525 to 1070 ng/L in all samples and the total annual mass load of target pharmaceuticals in the marine environment of Hong Kong was 756 kg/y...

In this research, a new Lewis acid-based deep eutectic solvent (LA-DES) was synthesized using diphenhydramine hydrochloride and CoCl2 ·6H2 O, (2[HDPH]:CoCl4 2- ), and identified by FT-IR and 1 HNMR techniques. The physicochemical properties of this LA-DES, such as thermal behavior, thermal stability, and solubility in common solvents were also investigated. The catalytic ability of 2[HDPH]:CoCl4 2- was ascertained in the efficient synthesis of a novel array of thiadiazolo[2,3-b]quinazolin-6-one scaffolds via a one-pot three-component reaction of dimedone/1,3-cyclohexanedione, aldehydes, and 5-aryl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-amines/3-(5-amino-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)-2H-chromen-2-one under solvent-free conditions...

New methods and strategies for the direct oxidation of benzylic C-H bonds are highly desirable, owing to the importance of ketone motifs in significant organic transformations and the synthesis of valuable molecules, including pharmaceuticals, pesticides, and fine chemicals. Herein, we describe an electrochemical benzylic C-H oxidation strategy for the synthesis of ketones using MeOH as an oxygen source. Inexpensive and safe KBr serves as both an electrolyte and a bromide radical precursor in the reaction. This transformation also offers several advantages such as mild conditions, broad functional group tolerance, and operational simplicity...

This case summarizes a 66 year old woman with a past medical history of asthma, breast cancer, anxiety, and chronic back pain with prior surgical insertion of spinal hardware, presenting for removal of spinal hardware at L5-S1 and spinal laminectomy and fusion at L4-L5. Her course was complicated by acute blood loss anemia and post-operative hypotension managed with a phenylephrine infusion, for which she experienced a possible anaphylactic reaction requiring upgrade to the intensive care unit. She was managed using intramuscular epinephrine, diphenhydramine, methylprednisolone, albuterol, famotidine, and oxygen...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Marijuana usage has increased significantly as it has become more readily available and legal, either recreationally or medicinally, in many states. It has been postulated that marijuana usage increases the amount of sedation required for procedures. However, there is minimal data defining this relationship. We aim to establish the relationship between marijuana usage and the amount of sedation used during endoscopy. METHODS: This was a single institution prospective study of patients undergoing outpatient endoscopy (both Monitored Anesthesia Care (MAC) and moderate sedation) at the Oklahoma City Veterans Affairs Medical Center with a total of 976 patients participating...

INTRODUCTION: In the realm of organ transplantation, particularly heart transplantation, angioedema presents a significant challenge. This clinical condition ranges from minor facial edema to life-threatening swelling of vital structures. Its multifactorial etiology involves various factors and mechanisms, including C1 esterase inhibitor deficiency, food allergen hypersensitivity, and adverse drug reactions, notably involving angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and mechanistic target of rapamycin inhibitors (mTOR-Is)...

BACKGROUND: Diphenhydramine (DPH), known as the brand name Benadryl, is an over-the-counter medication associated with accidental ingestion leading to nonfatal overdoses. Additionally, DPH has been used in tandem with illicit substances leading to fatal drug overdoses. OBJECTIVE: In response to DPH being seized with illicit drugs as an adulterant, as well as its growing intentional misuse, we sought to explore its recent involvement in fatal and nonfatal drug overdoses in the state of Tennessee...

BACKGROUND: People who inject drugs (PWID) are at high risk of severe wounds, invasive infections, and overdoses. To date, there are few data on the bacterial and chemical contaminants PWID are exposed to when using illicitly manufactured fentanyls and stimulants. METHODS: Previously used injection drug use equipment was recovered in St Louis, Missouri, by harm reduction organizations over a 12-month period. Syringe residue was analyzed for bacterial contaminants by routine culturing followed by whole genome sequencing of single bacterial isolates...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: We evaluate evidence-based treatments for posttraumatic headache (PTH), a secondary headache disorder resulting from traumatic brain injury (TBI), comprising nearly 4% of all symptomatic headache disorders. Utilizing recent publications, we aim to inform clinicians of current treatment methods. RECENT FINDINGS: There is limited research on PTH treatment. A randomized controlled trial (RCT) of metoclopramide with diphenhydramine for acute PTH found that the treatment group (N = 81) experienced more significant pain improvement than placebo by 1...

RATIONALE: Although rare, systemic hypersensitivity reactions to nedaplatin chemotherapy arise rapidly and can be life-threatening. The causes are unclear, and multiple potential mechanisms exist. Here, we report a case of systemic hypersensitivity reaction to nedaplatin and review the literature to establish a recommended protocol. PATIENT CONCERNS: A 62-year-old man was being treated for squamous lung cancer with multiple metastases. On the first day of chemotherapy, 5 minutes after nedaplatin infusion, he developed panic, shortness of breath, and dyspnea with rapid heart rate, reduced oxygen saturation, and elevated blood pressure...

This work highlighted the counterion association of diphenhydramine hydrochloride (DPC) and chlorpheniramine maleate (CPM) with anionic sodium tetradecyl sulfate (STS) by conductivity, fluorescence, and UV spectrophotometer measurements. The presence of drugs and the formation of premicellar aggregates of STS were highlighted. The modified Corrin-Harkins CH approaches assessed the STS counterion binding values B = 0.300 for DPC and 0.379 for CPM in the aqueous media at 25 °C. The counterion binding constant (βc ) and Gibb's free energy of micellization (Δ G mic °) were increased and became more negative, suggesting that the drug-surfactant interaction was controlled by electrostatic interaction...

INTRODUCTION: Oral candidiasis is the most prevalent opportunistic infection in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), impacting their quality of life. This report aims to emphasize the importance of clinical assessment and management of HIV/AIDS patients with oral candidiasis to improve their quality of life. CASE: Five male patients, aged between 32 and 71 years, came to the HIV clinic and complained of white plaques in their mouths and painful swallowing...

Introduction: Anaphylaxis is a fatal condition that can be easily managed if discovered early. Only a few examples of anaphylaxis-like reactions caused by heparin have been documented, and immediate-type hypersensitivity reactions to heparin are extremely uncommon. Case Presentation: We report a case of a 53-yearold gentleman known to have an End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) on Hemodialysis for two years, who went to the dialysis facility in his usual state of health. After two hours of dialysis, a new lock of taurolidine/heparin was installed; one minute later, the patient started to vomit and became restless, blood pressure dropped to 60/47 mmHg, and urticarial hives and a reddish rash developed on his skin, covering his trunk and limbs...

INTRODUCTION: Medications used to treat oral ulcers include corticosteroids, anesthetics, and antihistamines. These can be used as gels, mouthwashes, pastes, ointments, etc. Diphenhydramine hydrochloride (DPH) has local anesthetic properties that can help treat the aphthae. One of the drawbacks of the delivery to the transmucosal is the quick turnaround time of the gel, a mucous form that is located on the epithelial film surface. METHODS: Therefore, it seems that the preparation of a carrier that has the characteristics of adhesive mucus can increase the duration of drug retention on the mucous surface...

BACKGROUND: A comprehensive guideline named "Diagnostic Therapeutic Flow Chart for Covid-19″ (DTFC) was released by the Scientific Committee of Covid-19 of Iran's Ministry of Health and Medical Education and regularly was updated. The aim of this study was to compare the prescription pattern of drug treatment in outpatient Covid-19 patients with the DTFC. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted on the prescription pattern of drugs given to outpatients with a diagnosis of Covid-19, in Isfahan City from June to September 2021 (concurrent with the fifth peak of Covid-19 in Iran) taking into account the recommendations of the 9th version of DTFC (December 2020)...

BACKGROUND: On July 1st, 2021, the University of Colorado Hospital (UCH) implemented new sedation protocols in the luminal gastrointestinal (GI) suite. GI proceduralist supervised, Nurse Administered Sedation with fentanyl, midazolam, and diphenhydramine (NAS) sedation was transitioned to Monitored Anesthesia Care with propofol under physician anesthesiologist supervision (MAC). OBJECTIVE: To determine if there are statistically significant reductions in Sedation-Start to Scope-In time (SSSI) when using Monitored Anesthesia Care with propofol (MAC) versus Nurse Administered Sedation with fentanyl, midazolam, and diphenhydramine (NAS)...