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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Saeed Ghasemi, Marzieh Mojbafan, Saeed Talebi, Nakysa Hooman, Rozita Hoseini
INTRODUCTION: Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI) is a rare genetic disease that causes water imbalance. The kidneys play a crucial role in regulating body fluids by controlling water balance through urine excretion. This highlights their essential function in managing the body's water levels, but individuals with NDI may have excess urine production (polyuria), that leads to excessive thirst (polydipsia). Untreated affected individuals may exhibit poor feeding and failure to thrive...
April 2024: Molecular Genetics & Genomic Medicine
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
A remarkable genetic shift in a transmitted/founder virus broadens antibody responses against HIV-1.
Swati Jain, Gherman Uritskiy, Marthandan Mahalingam, Himanshu Batra, Subhash Chand, Hung V Trinh, Charles Beck, Woong-Hee Shin, Wadad Alsalmi, Gustavo Kijak, Leigh A Eller, Jerome Kim, Daisuke Kihara, Sodsai Tovanabutra, Guido Ferrari, Merlin L Robb, Mangala Rao, Venigalla B Rao
A productive HIV-1 infection in humans is often established by transmission and propagation of a single transmitted/founder (T/F) virus, which then evolves into a complex mixture of variants during the lifetime of infection. An effective HIV-1 vaccine should elicit broad immune responses in order to block the entry of diverse T/F viruses. Currently, no such vaccine exists. An in-depth study of escape variants emerging under host immune pressure during very early stages of infection might provide insights into such a HIV-1 vaccine design...
April 15, 2024: ELife
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wilfredo De Jesús-Rojas, Zachary J Demetriou, José Muñiz-Hernández, Gabriel Rosario-Ortiz, Frances M Quiñones, Marcos J Ramos-Benitez, Ricardo A Mosquera
Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is an inherited disorder that impairs motile cilia, essential for respiratory health, with a reported prevalence of 1 in 16,309 within Hispanic populations. Despite 70% of Puerto Rican patients having the RSPH4A [c.921+3_921+6del (intronic)] founder mutation, the characterization of the ciliary dysfunction remains unidentified due to the unavailability of advanced diagnostic modalities like High-Speed Video Microscopy Analysis (HSVA). Our study implemented HSVA for the first time on the island as a tool to better diagnose and characterize the RSPH4A [c...
March 24, 2024: Cells
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Waleed Aamer, Aljazi Al-Maraghi, Najeeb Syed, Geethanjali Devadoss Gandhi, Elbay Aliyev, Alya A Al-Kurbi, Omayma Al-Saei, Muhammad Kohailan, Navaneethakrishnan Krishnamoorthy, Sasirekha Palaniswamy, Khulod Al-Malki, Saleha Abbasi, Nourhen Agrebi, Fatemeh Abbaszadeh, Ammira S Al-Shabeeb Akil, Ramin Badii, Tawfeg Ben-Omran, Bernice Lo, Younes Mokrab, Khalid A Fakhro
BACKGROUND: Genome sequencing of large biobanks from under-represented ancestries provides a valuable resource for the interrogation of Mendelian disease burden at world population level, complementing small-scale familial studies. METHODS: Here, we interrogate 6045 whole genomes from Qatar-a Middle Eastern population with high consanguinity and understudied mutational burden-enrolled at the national Biobank and phenotyped for 58 clinically-relevant quantitative traits...
April 8, 2024: Genome Medicine
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gregg E Homanics, Jung Eun Park, Lauren Bailey, David J Schaeffer, Lauren Schaeffer, Jie He, Shuoran Li, Tingting Zhang, Annat Haber, Catrina Spruce, Anna Greenwood, Takeshi Murai, Laura Schultz, Lauren Mongeau, Seung-Kwon Ha, Julia Oluoch, Brianne Stein, Sang Ho Choi, Hasi Huhe, Amantha Thathiah, Peter L Strick, Gregory W Carter, Afonso C Silva, Stacey J Sukoff Rizzo
INTRODUCTION: Fundamental questions remain about the key mechanisms that initiate Alzheimer's disease (AD) and the factors that promote its progression. Here we report the successful generation of the first genetically engineered marmosets that carry knock-in (KI) point mutations in the presenilin 1 (PSEN1) gene that can be studied from birth throughout lifespan. METHODS: CRISPR/Cas9 was used to generate marmosets with C410Y or A426P point mutations in PSEN1. Founders and their germline offspring are comprehensively studied longitudinally using non-invasive measures including behavior, biomarkers, neuroimaging, and multiomics signatures...
April 4, 2024: Alzheimer's & Dementia: the Journal of the Alzheimer's Association
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yilin Kang, Jussi Hepojoki, Rocio Sartori Maldonado, Takayuki Mito, Mügen Terzioglu, Tuula Manninen, Ravi Kant, Sachin Singh, Alaa Othman, Rohit Verma, Johanna Uusimaa, Kirmo Wartiovaara, Lauri Kareinen, Nicola Zamboni, Tuula Anneli Nyman, Anders Paetau, Anja Kipar, Olli Vapalahti, Anu Suomalainen
Mitochondria are critical modulators of antiviral tolerance through the release of mitochondrial RNA and DNA (mtDNA and mtRNA) fragments into the cytoplasm after infection, activating virus sensors and type-I interferon (IFN-I) response1-4 . The relevance of these mechanisms for mitochondrial diseases remains understudied. Here we investigated mitochondrial recessive ataxia syndrome (MIRAS), which is caused by a common European founder mutation in DNA polymerase gamma (POLG1)5 . Patients homozygous for the MIRAS variant p...
April 3, 2024: Nature
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alberto M Parra-Perez, Alvaro Gallego-Martinez, Jose A Lopez-Escamez
Meniere disease is a complex inner ear disorder with significant familial aggregation. A differential prevalence of familial MD (FMD) has been reported, being 9-10% in Europeans compared to 6% in East Asians. A broad genetic heterogeneity in FMD has been described, OTOG being the most common mutated gene, with a compound heterozygous recessive inheritance. We hypothesize that an OTOG-related founder effect may explain the higher prevalence of FMD in the European population. Therefore, the present study aimed to compare the allele frequency (AF) and distribution of OTOG rare variants across different populations...
March 22, 2024: Human Genetics
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Seung Hun Han, Sabrina Y Camp, Hoyin Chu, Ryan Collins, Riaz Gillani, Jihye Park, Ziad Bakouny, Cora A Ricker, Brendan Reardon, Nicholas Moore, Eric Kofman, Chris Labaki, David Braun, Toni K Choueiri, Saud H AlDubayan, Eliezer M Van Allen
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Previous germline studies on renal cell carcinoma (RCC) have usually pooled clear and non-clear cell RCCs and have not adequately accounted for population stratification, which might have led to an inaccurate estimation of genetic risk. Here, we aim to analyze the major germline drivers of RCC risk and clinically relevant but underexplored germline variant types. METHODS: We first characterized germline pathogenic variants (PVs), cryptic splice variants, and copy number variants (CNVs) in 1436 unselected RCC patients...
April 2024: European urology open science
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Julie George, Lukas Maas, Nima Abedpour, Maria Cartolano, Laura Kaiser, Rieke N Fischer, Andreas H Scheel, Jan-Philipp Weber, Martin Hellmich, Graziella Bosco, Caroline Volz, Christian Mueller, Ilona Dahmen, Felix John, Cleidson Padua Alves, Lisa Werr, Jens Peter Panse, Martin Kirschner, Walburga Engel-Riedel, Jessica Jürgens, Erich Stoelben, Michael Brockmann, Stefan Grau, Martin Sebastian, Jan A Stratmann, Jens Kern, Horst-Dieter Hummel, Balazs Hegedüs, Martin Schuler, Till Plönes, Clemens Aigner, Thomas Elter, Karin Toepelt, Yon-Dschun Ko, Sylke Kurz, Christian Grohé, Monika Serke, Katja Höpker, Lars Hagmeyer, Fabian Doerr, Khosro Hekmath, Judith Strapatsas, Karl-Otto Kambartel, Geothy Chakupurakal, Annette Busch, Franz-Georg Bauernfeind, Frank Griesinger, Anne Luers, Wiebke Dirks, Rainer Wiewrodt, Andrea Luecke, Ernst Rodermann, Andreas Diel, Volker Hagen, Kai Severin, Roland T Ullrich, Hans Christian Reinhardt, Alexander Quaas, Magdalena Bogus, Cornelius Courts, Peter Nürnberg, Kerstin Becker, Viktor Achter, Reinhard Büttner, Jürgen Wolf, Martin Peifer, Roman K Thomas
The evolutionary processes that underlie the marked sensitivity of small cell lung cancer (SCLC) to chemotherapy and rapid relapse are unknown1-3 . Here we determined tumour phylogenies at diagnosis and throughout chemotherapy and immunotherapy by multiregion sequencing of 160 tumours from 65 patients. Treatment-naive SCLC exhibited clonal homogeneity at distinct tumour sites, whereas first-line platinum-based chemotherapy led to a burst in genomic intratumour heterogeneity and spatial clonal diversity...
March 13, 2024: Nature
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lidia Fernández-Caballero, Inmaculada Martín-Merida, Fiona Blanco-Kelly, Almudena Avila-Fernandez, Ester Carreño, Patricia Fernandez-San Jose, Cristina Irigoyen, Belen Jimenez-Rolando, Fermina Lopez-Grondona, Ignacio Mahillo, María Pilar Martin-Gutierrez, Pablo Minguez, Irene Perea-Romero, Marta Del Pozo-Valero, Rosa Riveiro-Alvarez, Cristina Rodilla, Lidya Rodriguez-Peña, Ana Isabel Sánchez-Barbero, Saoud T Swafiri, María José Trujillo-Tiebas, Olga Zurita, Blanca García-Sandoval, Marta Corton, Carmen Ayuso
PRPH2 , one of the most frequently inherited retinal dystrophy (IRD)-causing genes, implies a high phenotypic variability. This study aims to analyze the PRPH2 mutational spectrum in one of the largest cohorts worldwide, and to describe novel pathogenic variants and genotype-phenotype correlations. A study of 220 patients from 103 families recruited from a database of 5000 families. A molecular diagnosis was performed using classical molecular approaches and next-generation sequencing. Common haplotypes were ascertained by analyzing single-nucleotide polymorphisms...
March 2, 2024: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chandrima Majumdar, Merve Demir, Steven R Merrill, Mohammad Hashemian, Sheila S David
ConspectusBase excision repair (BER) enzymes are genomic superheroes that stealthily and accurately identify and remove chemically modified DNA bases. DNA base modifications erode the informational content of DNA and underlie many disease phenotypes, most conspicuously, cancer. The "OG" of oxidative base damage, 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine (OG), is particularly insidious due to its miscoding ability that leads to the formation of rare, pro-mutagenic OG:A mismatches. Thwarting mutagenesis relies on the capture of OG:A mismatches prior to DNA replication and removal of the mis-inserted adenine by MutY glycosylases to initiate BER...
March 12, 2024: Accounts of Chemical Research
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xinhui Chen, Fan Zhang, Yihua Shi, Haotian Wang, Miao Chen, Dehao Yang, Lebo Wang, Peng Liu, Fei Xie, Jiawen Chen, Aisi Fu, Ben Hu, Bo Wang, Zhiyuan Ouyang, Sheng Wu, Zhiru Lin, Zhidong Cen, Wei Luo
Familial cortical myoclonic tremor with epilepsy type 1 (FCMTE1) is caused by (TTTTA)exp(TTTCA)exp repeat expansions in SAMD12, while pure (TTTTA)exp is polymorphic. Our investigation focused on the origin and evolution of pure (TTTTA)exp and (TTTTA)exp(TTTCA)exp at this locus. We observed a founder effect between them. The phylogenetic analysis suggested that the (TTTTA)exp(TTTCA)exp might be generated from pure (TTTTA)exp through infrequent transformation events. Long-read sequencing revealed somatic generation of (TTTTA)exp(TTTCA)exp from pure (TTTTA)exp, likely via long segment (TTTCA) repeats insertion...
March 12, 2024: European Journal of Human Genetics: EJHG
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Andreas Machens, Henning Dralle
BACKGROUND: Homozygous mutations, two identical gene versions (alleles), one from each biological parent, are exceptional. Clinical descriptions of affected families, comprising few carriers only, are scattered throughout the literature, hindering evidence generation. METHODS: Included in this literature analysis were 5 RET families with ≥1 homozygous carrier and ≥3 heterozygous carriers per family. RESULTS: In consanguineous families with first-degree cousins, homozygotes presented with node-positive medullary thyroid cancer and pheochromocytoma in their mid-teens, whereas heterozygotes presented in their end-thirties and early forties...
March 11, 2024: European Journal of Endocrinology
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mana Khojasteh, Parsa Soleimani, Aida Ghasemi, Peyman Taghizadeh, Mohammad Rohani, Afagh Alavi
INTRODUCTION: Mutations in JAM2 have been linked to ~ 2% of primary familial brain calcification (PFBC) cases. PFBC is a rare neurological disorder characterized by excessive calcium deposition in the brain. It causes movement disorders and psychiatric problems. Six other genes were identified as causing PFBC. However, the genetic basis of ~ 50% of PFBC cases remains unknown. This study presented the results of a comprehensive analysis of five unrelated Iranian PFBC families...
March 5, 2024: Neurological Sciences
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kathleen A Dogantzis, Rika Raffiudin, Ramadhani Eka Putra, Ismail Shaleh, Ida M Conflitti, Mateus Pepinelli, John Roberts, Michael Holmes, Benjamin P Oldroyd, Amro Zayed, Rosalyn Gloag
Invasive populations often have lower genetic diversity relative to the native-range populations from which they derive.1 , 2 Despite this, many biological invaders succeed in their new environments, in part due to rapid adaptation.3 , 4 , 5 , 6 Therefore, the role of genetic bottlenecks in constraining the adaptation of invaders is debated.7 , 8 , 9 , 10 Here, we use whole-genome resequencing of samples from a 10-year time-series dataset, representing the natural invasion of the Asian honey bee (Apis cerana) in Australia, to investigate natural selection occurring in the aftermath of a founding event...
February 21, 2024: Current Biology: CB
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Amir Hozhabrpour, Marzieh Mojbafan, Fahimeh Palizban, Fatemeh Vahidnezhad, Saeed Talebi, Maliheh Amani, Masoud Garshasbi, Anoosh Naghavi, Raziyeh Khalesi, Parvin Mansouri, Soheila Sotoudeh, Hamidreza Mahmoudi, Aida Varghaei, Maryam Daneshpazhooh, Fatemeh Karimi, Sirous Zeinali, Elnaz Kalamati, Jouni Uitto, Leila Youssefian, Hassan Vahidnezhad
Inherited photosensitivity syndromes are a heterogeneous group of genetic skin disorders with tremendous phenotypic variability, characterized by photosensitivity and defective DNA repair, especially nucleotide excision repair. A cohort of 17 Iranian families with heritable photosensitivity syndromes was evaluated to identify their genetic defect. The patients' DNA was analyzed with either whole-exome sequencing or RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq). The interpretations of the genomic results were guided by genome-wide homozygosity mapping...
February 28, 2024: DNA Repair
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Fabiana D'Esposito, Viviana Randazzo, Maria Igea Vega, Gabriella Esposito, Paolo Enrico Maltese, Salvatore Torregrossa, Paola Scibetta, Florinda Listì, Caterina Gagliano, Lucia Scalia, Antonino Pioppo, Antonio Marino, Marco Piergentili, Emanuele Malvone, Tiziana Fioretti, Angela Vitrano, Maria Piccione, Teresio Avitabile, Francesco Salvatore, Matteo Bertelli, Ciro Costagliola, Maria Francesca Cordeiro, Aurelio Maggio, Elena D'Alcamo
Background and Objectives . Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is the most common inherited rod-cone dystrophy (RCD), resulting in nyctalopia, progressive visual field, and visual acuity decay in the late stages. The autosomal dominant form (ADRP) accounts for about 20% of RPs. Among the over 30 genes found to date related to ADRP, RP1 pathogenic variants have been identified in 5-10% of cases. In a cohort of RCD patients from the Palermo province on the island of Sicily, we identified a prevalent nonsense variant in RP1 , which was associated with ADRP...
February 1, 2024: Medicina
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Daniel Martínez-Carballeira, Alberto Caro, Ángel Bernardo, José Ramón Corte, José Carlos Iglesias, Isabel Asunción Hernández de Castro, Laura Gutiérrez, Inmaculada Soto
INTRODUCTION: Due to their low prevalence, rare bleeding disorders (RBDs) remain poorly characterized. AIM: To gain insight of RBDs through our clinical practice. METHODS: Retrospective study of the medical records of RBD patients followed up at the Central University Hospital of Asturias between January 2019 and December 2022. RESULTS: A total of 149 patients were included. Factor (F) VII (44 %) and FXI (40 %) deficiencies were the most common diagnosed coagulopathies...
February 15, 2024: Blood Cells, Molecules & Diseases
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ayda Abolhassani, Zohreh Fattahi, Maryam Beheshtian, Mahsa Fadaee, Raheleh Vazehan, Fatemeh Ahangari, Shima Dehdahsi, Mehrshid Faraji Zonooz, Elham Parsimehr, Zahra Kalhor, Fatemeh Peymani, Maryam Mozaffarpour Nouri, Mojgan Babanejad, Khadijeh Noudehi, Fatemeh Fatehi, Shima Zamanian Najafabadi, Fariba Afroozan, Hilda Yazdan, Bita Bozorgmehr, Azita Azarkeivan, Shokouh Sadat Mahdavi, Pooneh Nikuei, Farzad Fatehi, Payman Jamali, Mahmoud Reza Ashrafi, Parvaneh Karimzadeh, Haleh Habibi, Kimia Kahrizi, Shahriar Nafissi, Ariana Kariminejad, Hossein Najmabadi
Next-generation sequencing (NGS) has been proven to be one of the most powerful diagnostic tools for rare Mendelian disorders. Several studies on the clinical application of NGS in unselected cohorts of Middle Eastern patients have reported a high diagnostic yield of up to 48%, correlated with a high level of consanguinity in these populations. We evaluated the diagnostic utility of NGS-based testing across different clinical indications in 1436 patients from Iran, representing the first study of its kind in this highly consanguineous population...
February 19, 2024: NPJ Genomic Medicine
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yaling Wang, Jingwen Chen, Xueying Huang, Bangguo Wu, Peng Dai, Feng Zhang, Jinsong Li, Lingbo Wang
Cytosine base editing achieves C•G-to-T•A substitutions and can convert four codons (CAA/CAG/CGA/TGG) into STOP-codons (induction of STOP-codons, iSTOP) to knock out genes with reduced mosaicism. iSTOP enables direct phenotyping in founders' somatic cells, but it remains unknown whether this works in founders' germ cells so as to rapidly reveal novel genes for fertility. Here, we initially establish that iSTOP in mouse zygotes enables functional characterization of known genes in founders' germ cells: Cfap43-iSTOP male founders manifest expected sperm features resembling human "multiple morphological abnormalities of the flagella" syndrome (i...
February 7, 2024: Science China. Life Sciences
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