renal kidney scope

Acute rhabdomyolysis (AR) leading to acute kidney injury has many underlying etiologies, however, when the primary trigger is exercise, the most usual underlying cause is either a genetic muscle disorder or unaccustomed intense exercise in a healthy individual. Three adult men presented with a history of exercise intolerance and episodes of acute renal impairment following intense exercise, thought to be due to AR in the case of two, and dehydration in one. The baseline serum CK was mildly raised between attacks in all three patients and acutely raised during attacks in two of the three patients...

BACKGROUND: Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are routinely prescribed complex medication regimes. Medication reconciliation, medicine reviews, patient counselling and disease state and medication education are all key pharmacist-led interventions, which can improve medication adherence in patients with CKD. AIM: To characterize peer reviewed literature on the role of pharmacists in supporting medication adherence of patients with chronic kidney disease and highlight the impact they might have in the health outcomes for patients...

INTRODUCTION: Global chronic kidney disease is now epidemic, with substantial health and economic consequences. While scientific support for living donor renal transplants (LDRT) is strong, donor shortages necessitate consideration of expanded criteria, including obese individuals. Bariatric surgery (BS) may mitigate obesity-related risks, but research on living donor candidates is scarce. Our scoping review aims to compile evidence, identify gaps, and formulate an algorithm to guide healthcare professionals in evaluating BS for obese living donors...

BACKGROUND: Acknowledging the importance of preparing the pediatric dialysis patient for successful transfer to adult providers, centers from the Standardizing Care to Improve Outcomes in Pediatric End Stage Renal Disease (SCOPE) Dialysis Collaborative developed transition tools and performed iterative implementation of a transition of care (TOC) program to gain real-life insight into drivers and barriers towards implementation of a transition program for patients receiving dialysis. METHODS: A TOC innovation workgroup was developed in 2019 from within SCOPE Collaborative that developed nine educational modules, along with introductory letter and assessment tool to be utilized by SCOPE centers...

The successful employment of messenger RNA (mRNA) as vaccine therapy for the prevention of COVID-19 infection has spotlighted the attention of scientific community onto the potential clinical application of these molecules as innovative and alternative therapeutic approaches in different fields of medicine. As therapy, mRNAs may be advantageous due to their unique biological properties of targeting almost any genetic component within the cell, many of which may be unreachable using other pharmacological/therapeutic approaches, and encoding any proteins and peptides without the need for their transport into the nuclei of the target cells...

BACKGROUND: In partial nephrectomy for highly complex tumors with expected long ischemia time, renal hypothermia can be used to minimize ischemic parenchymal damage. OBJECTIVE: To describe our case series, surgical technique, and early outcomes for robot-assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN) using intra-arterial cold perfusion through arteriotomy. DESIGN SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: A retrospective analysis was conducted of ten patients with renal tumors (PADUA score 9-13) undergoing RAPN between March 2020 and March 2023 with intra-arterial cooling because of expected arterial clamping times longer than 25 min...

Palliative care is an effective way to alleviate suffering and improve quality of life in older adults with end stage kidney disease (ESKD). The purpose of this scoping review was to identify gaps in available evidence about current and future needs for palliative care in community-residing older adults living in Thailand with advanced chronic kidney disease. Four essential elements (community, education, research, and nursing practice) were found related to older adults with ESKD, their families, and limited graduate palliative care education...

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and its downstream complications (i.e. cardiovascular) are a major source of morbidity worldwide. Additionally, deaths due to CKD or CKD-attributable cardiovascular disease account for a sizeable proportion of global mortality. However, the advent of new pharmacotherapies, diagnostic tools, and global initiatives are directing greater attention to kidney health in the public health agenda, including the implementation of effective strategies that (i) prevent kidney disease, (ii) provide early CKD detection, and (iii) ameliorate CKD progression and its related complications...

Although widespread, the burden of disease presented by chronic kidney disease (CKD) is not equally distributed among all demographics. Examining the social determinants of health (SDOH) that relate to barriers to renal dialysis care in CKD can help to prevent future disparities. There has not been a study addressing the social factors that create barriers to care for ethnic minority patients with CKD. The aim of this scoping review is to address the SDOH that affects access to renal dialysis for ethnic minority patients in the United States...

OBJECTIVE: The overall objective of this scoping review is to assess the extent of the literature related to the fluid management of critically ill patients with acute kidney injury (AKI). INTRODUCTION: AKI is common in critically ill patients where fluid therapy is a mainstay of treatment. An association between fluid balance (FB) and adverse patient-centred outcomes in critically ill patients with AKI regardless of severity has been demonstrated. The evidence for the prospective intervention of FB and its impact on outcomes is unknown...

BACKGROUND: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is among the most common complications following cardiac surgery in adult and pediatric patients, significantly affecting morbidity and mortality. Artificial Intelligence (AI) with Machine Learning (ML) can be used to predict outcomes. AKI diagnosis anticipation may be an ideal target of these methods. The scope of the study is building a Machine Learning (ML) train model with Random Forest (RF) algorithm, based on electronic health record (EHR) data, able to forecast AKI continuously after 48 h in post-cardiac surgery children, and to test its performance...

The objective of this scoping review is to provide a summary of the current literature regarding adolescents and young adults with histories of cloacal anomalies. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis Extension for Scoping Reviews were used. Data were categorized into four domains-urologic, colorectal, gynecologic/obstetric, and sexual/psychosocial. The current literature has poor study quality and mostly consists of retrospective studies of small cohorts with varying definitions of outcomes...

BACKGROUND: The necessity and importance of pharmaceutical care services (PCS) are well recognized, yet the concept and scope of PCS have not yet been clearly defined in Korea, particularly in kidney transplantation outpatient clinics. AIM: The main purpose of this study is to evaluate whether PCS is effective in the outpatient setting for kidney transplant patients. METHODS: For three years, a clinical pharmacist provided PCS to kidney transplant patients in an outpatient setting to evaluate the clinical effectiveness of PCS...

There are a wide number of indications for extracorporeal therapies in the critical care environment. A common indication seen by the acute physician is continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) in a proportion of patients with acute kidney injury. It is therefore important that acute physicians have a sound understanding of the principles of CRRT in the acutely unwell patient. This review will outline the indications for its use, commonly used methods and anticoagulation considerations. It will discuss when to start and stop CRRT as well as describing potential treatment complications...

PURPOSE: Flexible ureteroscopy (fURS) is steadily gaining popularity in the management of renal calculi, including those located in the lower pole (LP). Due to difficulty in accessing to the LP of kidney in minority of cases with fURS and reports of lower stone-free rate (SFR), it is still considered as a challenge in selected cases. The purpose of the review was to analyze the various aspects of fURS for LP stones. METHODS: An extensive review of the recent literature was done including different factors such as anatomy, preoperative stenting, stone size, flexible scopes, types of lasers, laser fibers, suction, relocation, stone-free rates, and complications...

BACKGROUND: Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) upon transplantation is one of the most impactful events that the kidney graft suffers during its life. Its clinical manifestation in the recipient, Delayed Graft Function (DGF), has indeed serious prognostic consequences. However, the different definitions of DGF are subjected to physicians' choices and centers' policies and a more objective tool to quantify IRI is needed. Here, we propose the use of donor-derived cell-free DNA (ddcfDNA) for this scope...

Patient and caregiver involvement broadens the scope of new knowledge generated from research and can enhance the relevance, quality and impact of research on clinical practice and health outcomes. Incorporating the perspectives of people with lived experience of chronic kidney disease (CKD) affords new insights into the design of interventions, study methodology, data analysis and implementation and has value for patients, healthcare professionals and researchers alike. However, patient involvement in CKD research has been limited and data on which to inform best practice is scarce...

BACKGROUND: Dialysis is a life-sustaining treatment for patients with advanced kidney failure, but it is extremely burdensome. Despite this, there are very few tools available to assess treatment burden within the dialysis population. OBJECTIVE: To conduct a scoping review of generic and disease-specific measures of treatment burden in chronic kidney disease, and assess their suitability for use within the dialysis population. DESIGN: We searched CINAHL, MEDLINE and the Cochrane Library for kidney disease-specific measures of treatment burden...

BACKGROUND: Upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) is the most common urothelial malignancy in the renal pelvis or ureter. Renal pelvic carcinoma accounts for 90% of all tumours in the renal pelvis, so the mass in the renal pelvis is usually considered a UTUC. Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) in the renal pelvis, calyces and upper ureter is extremely rare, especially MiT family translocation RCC, which makes this case even more uncommon. CASE PRESENTATION: We report the case of a 54-year-old man had intermittent painless gross haematuria with occasional blood clots and urodynia for 2 years...

BACKGROUND: Populations in rural and remote areas have higher rates of chronic kidney disease and kidney failure than those in urban or metropolitan areas, and mortality rates for chronic kidney disease are almost twice as high in remote areas compared to major cities. Despite this, patients residing in regional, rural, or remote areas are less likely to be wait-listed for or receive a kidney transplant. The objective of this scoping review is to identify specific barriers to kidney transplantation for adult patients residing in rural and remote areas from the perspectives of health professionals and patients/carers...