Cam deformity

BACKGROUND: Studies have correlated symptomatic femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) with femoral retroversion and cam lesions. PURPOSE: To investigate any association between femoral and acetabular versions with cam deformity in a largely asymptomatic population. STUDY DESIGN: Descriptive laboratory study. METHODS: A total of 986 cadaveric hips were selected from a historical osteologic collection. Each hip was assessed to determine the femoral and acetabular versions, anterior offset, and alpha angle...

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of sterilization on the retention forces of lithium disilicate (LD) and polymer-infiltrated ceramic network (PICN) crowns bonded to titanium base (Ti-base) abutments. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty LD and 40 PICN crowns were milled and then bonded to 80 Ti-bases with two resin composite cements: Multilink Hybrid Abutment (mh) and Panavia V5 (pv) for a total of 8 groups (n = 10). Half of the specimens (test) underwent an autoclaving protocol (pressure 1...

BACKGROUND: In Sweden, most children with slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) are operated on with a single smooth pin or a short-threaded screw, allowing further growth of the femoral neck. Using the Swedish Pediatric Orthopaedic Quality registry, SPOQ, we investigated whether angular remodelling occurs adjacent to the proximal femoral epiphysis after fixation of SCFE using implants, allowing continued growth of the femoral neck. METHODS: During 2008-2010 a total national population of 155 children were reported to the SPOQ registry...

OBJECTIVES:  Maxillary lateral incisor agenesis (MLIA), treated orthodontically by space opening, requires complimentary aesthetic rehabilitation. Resin-bonded bridges (RBBs) can be equated as interim rehabilitation until skeletal maturity is achieved to place an implant-supported crown or as definitive rehabilitation in case of financial restrictions or implant contraindications. Scientific evidence of the best material must be confirmed in specific clinical situations. Computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) materials are promising versatile restorative options...

INTRODUCTION: Aligning dental arches in orthognathic treatment after undergoing LeFort I osteotomy or bilateral sagittal split osteotomy (BSSO) relies on occlusal splints, which do not provide precise control over the condylar head. AIM OF THE STUDY: To clinically and radiographically assess the accuracy of computer-assisted design and manufactured (CAD/CAM) surgical guide for condylar positioning in a BSSO. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study recruited 8 patients with a non-syndromic dentofacial deformity who underwent a BSSO...

BACKGROUND: Genioplasty as an isolated surgical technique is a highly demanded procedure in the maxillofacial surgery area. Advances in facial reconstructive surgery have been associated with less morbidity and more predictable results. In this paper, "conventional" genioplasty and genioplasty by means of virtual surgical planning (VSP), CAD-CAM cutting guides, and patient custom-made plates are compared. METHODS: A descriptive observational study was designed and implemented, and 43 patients were treated, differentiating two groups according to the technique: 18 patients were treated by conventional surgery, and 25 patients were treated through virtual surgical planning (VSP), CAD-CAM cutting guides, STL models, and titanium patient-specific plates...

The motion process of legged robots contains not only rigid-body motion but also flexible motion with elastic deformation of the legs, especially for heavy loads. Hence, the characteristics of the flexible components and their interactions with the rigid components need to be considered. In this paper, a hierarchical control strategy for robots with rigid-flexible coupling characteristics is proposed. This strategy involves (1) leg force prediction based on real-time motion trajectories and feedforward compensation for the error caused by flexible components; (2) building upon the centroid dynamics model of the rigid-body chassis, the centroid trajectories (centroid angular momentum (CAM) and centroid linear momentum (CLM)) and the body trajectory are taken into account to derive the optimal drive torque for maintaining body stability; (3) finally, the precise force control of the hydraulic drive units is achieved through the sliding mode control algorithm, integrating the dynamic model of the flexible legs...

PURPOSE: Nondisplaced femoral neck fractures have traditionally been treated with in situ fixation. However, poor surgical and clinical outcomes have been reported for fractures with valgus deformity >15°, and the reduction of valgus impaction has recently been emphasized. In addition, early degenerative osteoarthritis can be caused by cam-type femoroacetabular impingement after healing of femoral neck fractures. This study was designed with the objective of confirming the difference in progression of radiographic osteoarthritis according to the severity of the valgus deformity...

PURPOSE: There is high variability in femoral torsion, measured on two-dimensional (2D) computed tomography (CT) scans. The aim of this study was to find a reliable three-dimensional (3D) femoral torsion measurement method, assess the influence of CAM deformity on femoral torsion measurement, and to promote awareness for the used measurement method. METHODS: 3D models of 102 dry femur specimens were divided into a CAM and non-CAM group. Femoral torsion was measured by one 2D-CT method described by Murphy et al...

INTRODUCTION: We investigated the relationships between patient factors, including obesity, osteopenia, and scoliosis, and the reliability of measures of the spinopelvic sagittal parameters using conventional X-radiography (Xp) and slot-scanning Xp devices (EOS) and examined the differences in interobserver measurement reliability between them. METHODS: We retrospectively enrolled 55 patients (52.7±25.3 years, 27 females) with conventional whole-spine Xp and EOS images taken within three months...

BACKGROUND: The prevalence of chondrolabral lesions due to femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) is 93% in cadaveric material. As a biomechanically determined factor, it can lead to hip destruction and early osteoarthritis in pincer-type impingement. The aim of this work was to study the biomechanism and stress-strain behavior of chondrolabral lesions in pincer-type impingement during daily activity-associated movements. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The SolidWorks package was used to build a 3D pelvis model with and without pincer-type impingement in the femoroacetabular (FA) region...

OBJECTIVE: Computer assistance has become indispensable in the reconstruction of the orbit and midface. Although these are key areas of an individual's esthetic appearance, defects or deformities of the midface, especially those of the orbit, are treated diversely. METHODS: The aim of this article is to present the wide utility of computer-assistance in modern craniomaxillofacial surgery, including virtual planning, computer-aided design, guided surgery, navigational control, patient-specific implants, and quality control via image fusion...

Genioplasty is performed for the orthognathic surgical correction of dentofacial deformities. This article reports a safe and accurate method for genioplasty combining a novel three-dimensional (3D) device with mixed reality (MR)-assisted surgery using a registration marker and a head-mounted display. Four types of devices were designed based on the virtual operation: a surgical splint with a connector; an osteotomy device; a repositioning device; and a registration marker. Microsoft HoloLens 2 and Holoeyes MD were used to project holograms created using computed tomography (CT) data onto the surgical field to improve the accuracy of the computer-aided designed and manufactured (CAD/CAM) surgical guides...

Early detection and accurate identification of thyroid nodules are the major challenges in controlling and treating thyroid cancer that can be difficult even for expert physicians. Currently, many computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) systems have been developed to assist this clinical process. However, most of these systems are unable to well capture geometrically diverse thyroid nodule representations from ultrasound images with subtle and various characteristic differences, resulting in suboptimal diagnosis and lack of clinical interpretability, which may affect their credibility in the clinic...

BACKGROUND: The aim of our study was to evaluate the long-term impacts of Kawasaki disease on our patients regarding coronary involvement demographic characteristics, treatment regimens, and clinical course. METHODS: Our study included 104 patients diagnosed and hospitalized with Kawasaki disease in our center, from January 2004 to January 2019. In our study, patients were divided into three groups according to coronary artery involvement. Patients in group 1 had no echocardiographic findings, while the ones in group 2 had coronary artery dilatation and ones in group 3 had coronary artery aneurysm (CAA)...

UNLABELLED: The aim of this study was to determine the mechanical implications of four-unit fixed dental prostheses (FDPs) made of (1) monolithic zirconium dioxide (ZR O2 ), (2) polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), (3) metal ceramic (PFM) and (4) impression resin (3DPP). METHODS: Four groups were studied with eight samples for each material (n: 32). Each structure was weighed, subjected to compressive tests and analyzed using 3D FEA. RESULTS: PMMA presented the lowest structural weight (1...

BACKGROUND: Surgical treatment for adolescent patients with femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) is increasing. The purpose of this study was to determine the clinical outcomes of FAI surgery in a multicenter cohort of adolescent patients and to identify predictors of suboptimal outcomes. METHODS: One hundred twenty-six adolescent hips (114 patients < 18 years of age) undergoing surgery for symptomatic FAI were studied from a larger multicenter cohort. The group included 74 (58...

BACKGROUND: Endoscopic calcaneoplasty (ECP) and gastrocnemius recession (GR) are procedures that have been described to effectively treat Haglund's deformity and insertional Achilles tendinopathy respectively. The purpose of our manuscript is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of ECP and GR with immediate weightbearing for the treatment of Haglund's deformity with mild to moderate insertional Achilles tendinopathy. METHODS: We performed ECP coupled with GR on 14 patients with an average age of 52 years...

OBJECTIVE: To compare the shear bond strength (SBS) of brackets bonded to three different types of ceramic surfaces (feldspathic ceramic, lithium disilicate ceramic, and zirconia), conditioned with either hydrofluoric acid or sandblasting, using Assure® Plus All bonding agent. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 72 monolithic CAD/CAM ceramic specimens were divided into six groups of 12 samples. Three groups (G1: feldspathic ceramic, G3: lithium disilicate ceramic, G5: zirconia surfaces) were conditioned with 9...

An electromechanical interface plays a pivotal role in determining the performance of a stretchable strain sensor. The intrinsic mechanical property of the elastomer substrate prevents the efficient modulation of the electromechanical interface, which limits the further evolution of a stretchable strain sensor. In this study, a chiral auxetic metamaterial (CAM) is incorporated into the elastomer substrate of a stretchable strain sensor to override the deformation behavior of the pristine device and regulate the device performance...