keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37958504/pioglitazone-protects-tubular-epithelial-cells-during-kidney-fibrosis-by-attenuating-mirna-dysregulation-and-autophagy-dysfunction-induced-by-tgf-%C3%AE
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anna Manzéger, Gantsetseg Garmaa, Miklós M Mózes, Georg Hansmann, Gábor Kökény
Excessive renal TGF-β production and pro-fibrotic miRNAs are important drivers of kidney fibrosis that lack any efficient treatment. Dysfunctional autophagy might play an important role in the pathogenesis. We aimed to study the yet unknown effects of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) agonist pioglitazone (Pio) on renal autophagy and miRNA dysregulation during fibrosis. Mouse primary tubular epithelial cells (PTEC) were isolated, pre-treated with 5 µM pioglitazone, and then stimulated with 10 ng/mL TGF-β1 for 24 h...
October 24, 2023: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37926763/deficiency-of-histone-variant-macroh2a1-1-is-associated-with-sexually-dimorphic-obesity-in-mice
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Valentina Chiodi, Francesca Rappa, Oriana Lo Re, George N Chaldakov, Benjamin Lelouvier, Vincenzo Micale, Maria Rosaria Domenici, Manlio Vinciguerra
Obesity has a major socio-economic health impact. There are profound sex differences in adipose tissue deposition and obesity-related conditions. The underlying mechanisms driving sexual dimorphism in obesity and its associated metabolic disorders remain unclear. Histone variant macroH2A1.1 is a candidate epigenetic mechanism linking environmental and dietary factors to obesity. Here, we used a mouse model genetically depleted of macroH2A1.1 to investigate its potential epigenetic role in sex dimorphic obesity, metabolic disturbances and gut dysbiosis...
November 5, 2023: Scientific Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37874337/early-growth-response-2-a-novel-target-of-pelvic-organ-prolapse-is-highly-expressed-in-anterior-vaginal-wall-tissues-with-pelvic-organ-prolapse
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xin Jin, Hainan Xu, Qing Hu, Yitong Yin, Meiying Qin, Zhijun Xia
Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is a common disorder among women that negatively affects women's quality of life. Early growth response 2 (EGR2) is a transcription factor that regulates cell growth. The present study aimed to explore the role of EGR2 in POP progression and provided a new target for the treatment and prevention of POP. Firstly, we extracted primary vaginal anterior wall fibroblasts from POP tissues and non-POP tissues and then constructed an EGR2-silencing lentivirus for further study. Immunoblotting, qPCR, TUNEL assay, CCK-8 assay, dual luciferase assay, and ELISA assay were carried out...
October 24, 2023: Histochemistry and Cell Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37858785/galectin-9-restricts-viral-replication-in-teleost-via-the-autophagy-antiviral-pathway-and-polarizes-m2-macrophages-for-anti-inflammatory-response-new-insights-into-the-functional-properties-of-fish-galectin-9-from-planiliza-haematocheilus
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
W A D L R Warnakula, H M V Udayantha, D S Liyanage, W K M Omeka, Chaehyeon Lim, Gaeun Kim, D M K P Sirisena, B P M Vileka Jayamali, Qiang Wan, Jehee Lee
Galectin 9 (Gal9) is a tandem repeat type ß-galactoside-binding galectin that mediates various cellular biochemical and immunological functions. Many studies have investigated the functional properties of Gal9 in mammals; however, knowledge of fish Gal9 is limited to antibacterial studies. In this context, our aim was to clone Gal9 from Planiliza haematocheilus (PhGal9) and investigate its structural and functional characteristics. We discovered the PhGal9 open reading frame, which was 969 base pairs long and encoded a 322 amino acid protein...
October 17, 2023: Fish & Shellfish Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37857609/astragaloside-iv-derivative-hhq16-ameliorates-infarction-induced-hypertrophy-and-heart-failure-through-degradation-of-lncrna4012-9456
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jingjing Wan, Zhen Zhang, Chennan Wu, Saisai Tian, Yibei Zang, Ge Jin, Qingyan Sun, Pin Wang, Xin Luan, Yili Yang, Xuelin Zhan, Lingyu Linda Ye, Dayue Darrel Duan, Xia Liu, Weidong Zhang
Reversing ventricular remodeling represents a promising treatment for the post-myocardial infarction (MI) heart failure (HF). Here, we report a novel small molecule HHQ16, an optimized derivative of astragaloside IV, which effectively reversed infarction-induced myocardial remodeling and improved cardiac function by directly acting on the cardiomyocyte to reverse hypertrophy. The effect of HHQ16 was associated with a strong inhibition of a newly discovered Egr2-affiliated transcript lnc9456 in the heart. While minimally expressed in normal mouse heart, lnc9456 was dramatically upregulated in the heart subjected to left anterior descending coronary artery ligation (LADL) and in cardiomyocytes subjected to hypertrophic stimulation...
October 19, 2023: Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37857190/atm-ampk%C3%AE-mediated-lag-3-expression-suppresses-t-cell-function-in-prostate-cancer
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xinyao Zhang, Haiqi Chen, Jiawen Han, Zongren Wang, Yu Guo, Zhongyang Zhou, Rong Luo, Meiqin Dai, Wei Ou, Lingwu Chen, Lan Shao
Immunotherapy for prostate cancer (PCa) faces serious challenges. Therefore, the co-inhibitory receptors that regulate T cell function of PCa must be elucidated. Here we identified that the inhibitory receptor LAG3 was significantly induced in T cells from PCa patients. Gene array analysis revealed that insufficient ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) gene expression in PCa T cells was responsible for the elevated LAG3 expression. Mechanistically, insufficient ATM expression impaired its ability to activate AMPKα signaling and CD4+ T cell functions, which further enhances the binding of the transcription factors XBP1 and EGR2 to LAG3 promoter...
September 28, 2023: Cellular Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37813864/systematic-identification-of-gene-combinations-to-target-in-innate-immune-cells-to-enhance-t-cell-activation
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lei Xia, Anastasia Komissarova, Arielle Jacover, Yehuda Shovman, Sebastian Arcila-Barrera, Sharona Tornovsky-Babeay, Milsee Mol Jaya Prakashan, Abdelmajeed Nasereddin, Inbar Plaschkes, Yuval Nevo, Idit Shiff, Oshri Yosefov-Levi, Tamara Izhiman, Eleonora Medvedev, Elad Eilon, Asaf Wilensky, Simon Yona, Oren Parnas
Genetic engineering of immune cells has opened new avenues for improving their functionality but it remains a challenge to pinpoint which genes or combination of genes are the most beneficial to target. Here, we conduct High Multiplicity of Perturbations and Cellular Indexing of Transcriptomes and Epitopes (HMPCITE-seq) to find combinations of genes whose joint targeting improves antigen-presenting cell activity and enhances their ability to activate T cells. Specifically, we perform two genome-wide CRISPR screens in bone marrow dendritic cells and identify negative regulators of CD86, that participate in the co-stimulation programs, including Chd4, Stat5b, Egr2, Med12, and positive regulators of PD-L1, that participate in the co-inhibitory programs, including Sptlc2, Nckap1l, and Pi4kb...
October 9, 2023: Nature Communications
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37752256/hk-2-cell-response-to-tgf-%C3%AE-highly-depends-on-cell-culture-medium-formulations
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gantsetseg Garmaa, Anna Manzéger, Samaneh Haghighi, Gábor Kökény
The immortalized human renal proximal tubular epithelial cell line HK-2 is most commonly used to study renal cell physiology and human kidney diseases with tubulointerstitial fibrosis such as diabetic nephropathy, obstructive uropathy or allograft fibrosis. Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is the main pathological process of tubulointerstitial fibrosis in vitro. Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) is a key inducer of EMT. Several pro-fibrotic gene expression differences have been observed in a TGF-β-induced EMT model of HK-2 cells...
September 26, 2023: Histochemistry and Cell Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37713834/to-identify-biomarkers-associated-with-the-transfer-of-diabetes-combined-with-cancer-in-human-genes-using-bioinformatics-analysis
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yiting Li, Shinong Gu, Xuanwen Li, Qing Huang
Currently, the incidence of diabetes mellitus is increasing rapidly, particularly in China, and its pathogenesis is still unclear. The goal of this study was to find meaningful biomarkers of metastasis in patients with diabetes and cancer using bioinformatic analysis in order to predict gene expression and prognostic importance for survival. We used the Differentially Expressed Gene, Database for Annotation Visualization and Integrated Discovery, and Gene Set Enrichment Analyses databases, as well as several bioinformatics tools, to explore the key genes in diabetes...
September 15, 2023: Medicine (Baltimore)
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37659596/identification-and-analysis-of-key-genes-in-adipose-tissue-for-human-obesity-based-on-bioinformatics
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yuchen Hua, Danyingzhu Xie, Yugang Zhang, Ming Wang, Weiheng Wen, Jia Sun
BACKGROUND: Obesity is a complex condition that is affected by a variety of factors, including the environment, behavior, and genetics. However, the genetic mechanisms underlying obesity remains poorly elucidated. Therefore, our study aimed at identifying key genes for human obesity using bioinformatics analysis. METHODS: The microarray datasets of adipose tissue in humans were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. After the selection of differentially expressed genes (DEGs), we used Lasso regression and Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithm to further identify the feature genes...
August 31, 2023: Gene
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37602300/lncrna-and-circrna-expression-profiles-in-the-hippocampus-of-a%C3%AE-25%C3%A2-35-%C3%A2-induced-ad-mice-treated-with-tripterygium-glycoside
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Liang Tang, Yan Wang, Ju Xiang, Dawei Yang, Yan Zhang, Qin Xiang, Jianming Li
Tripterygium glycosides (TG) have been reported to ameliorate Alzheimer's disease (AD), although the mechanism involved remains to be determined. In the present study, the lncRNA and circRNA expression profiles of an AD mouse model treated with TG were assessed using microarrays. lncRNAs, mRNAs, and circRNAs in the hippocampi of 3 AD+normal saline (NS) mice and 3 AD+TG mice were detected using microarrays. The most differentially expressed lncRNAs, mRNAs, and circRNAs were screened between the AD+NS and AD+TG groups...
September 2023: Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37551796/osteogenic-effect-and-mechanism-of-il-10-in-diabetic-rat-jaw-defect-mode
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sitong Hu, Yihui Zhu, Shujia Yu, Yanchuan Guo, Yihu Wang, Menghao Lv, Wei Bai, Pan Ma
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of IL-10 on the phenotype polarization of macrophages and osteogenesis in diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2DM) rat jaw defects. METHODS: Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) were chosen to induce the polarization of macrophages. In vitro assessment included wound-healing assay, western blotting, and alizarin red staining after co-culture of the bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and induced macrophages...
August 8, 2023: Oral Diseases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37549144/influence-of-n6-methyladenosine-m6a-modification-on-cell-phenotype-in-alzheimer-s-disease
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Pengyun Ni, Kaiting Pan, Bingbing Zhao
OBJECTIVE: Recent research has suggested that m6A modification takes on critical significance to Neurodegeneration. As indicated by the genome-wide map of m6A mRNA, genes in Alzheimer's disease model achieved significant m6A methylation. This study aimed to investigate the hub gene and pathway of m6A modification in the pathogenesis of AD. Moreover, possible brain regions with higher gene expression levels and compounds exerting potential therapeutic effects were identified. Thus, this study can provide a novel idea to explore the treatment of AD...
2023: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37499396/azithromycin-alters-colony-stimulating-factor-1r-csf-1r-expression-and-functional-output-of-murine-bone-marrow-derived-macrophages-a-novel-report
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shivani Yadav, Parmeswar Dalai, Sharath Gowda, Manish Nivsarkar, Reena Agrawal-Rajput
Antibiotic treatment may lead to side effects that require mechanistic explanation. We investigated the effect of azithromycin (AZM) treatment on bone marrow-derived macrophage (Mφ) generation, their functional output, and the subsequent effect on bacterial clearance in a mouse model of S. flexneri infection. To our fascination, AZM increased PU.1, C/EBPβ, CSF-1R/pCSF-1R expressions leading to M2-skewed in vitro BMDM generation. Altered Mφ-functions like- phagocytosis, oxidative stress generation, inflammasome-activation, cytokine release, and phenotype (pro-inflammatory-M1, anti-inflammatory-M2) even in the presence of infection were observed with AZM treatment...
July 25, 2023: International Immunopharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37474655/egr2-drives-t-h-17-cell-pathogenicity-in-autoimmune-neuroinflammation
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
(no author information available yet)
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
July 20, 2023: Nature Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37459313/optimization-of-differentiation-and-transcriptomic-profile-of-thp-1-cells-into-macrophage-by-pma
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tiezhu Liu, Tao Huang, Jiajia Li, Aqian Li, Chuan Li, Xiaoxia Huang, Dexin Li, Shiwen Wang, Mifang Liang
THP-1 monocyte, which can be differentiated into macrophages by PMA, is widely used in researches on pathogen infection and host innate immunity, but reports on the induction methods of PMA are different and lack a unified standard, and the transcriptome characteristics of macrophage compared with THP-1 cells remains unclear. In this research, we examined the differentiation effect of three factors including induction time, cell seeding density and PMA concentration by detecting the positive rate of CD14 expression...
2023: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37449212/gata3-induces-the-pathogenicity-of-th17-cells-via-regulating-gm-csf-expression
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Matthew J Butcher, Rama Krishna Gurram, Xiaoliang Zhu, Xi Chen, Gangqing Hu, Vanja Lazarevic, Keji Zhao, Jinfang Zhu
T-bet-expressing Th17 (T-bet+ RORγt+ ) cells are associated with the induction of pathology during experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) and the encephalitic nature of these Th17 cells can be explained by their ability to produce GM-CSF. However, the upstream regulatory mechanisms that control Csf2 (gene encoding GM-CSF) expression are still unclear. In this study, we found that Th17 cells dynamically expressed GATA3, the master transcription factor for Th2 cell differentiation, during their differentiation both in vitro and in vivo ...
2023: Frontiers in Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37443284/transcription-factor-egr2-controls-homing-and-pathogenicity-of-t-h-17-cells-in-the-central-nervous-system
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yuanyuan Gao, Yan Wang, Daniel Chauss, Alejandro V Villarino, Verena M Link, Hiroyuki Nagashima, Camille A Spinner, Vishal N Koparde, Nicolas Bouladoux, Michael S Abers, Timothy J Break, Laura B Chopp, Jung-Hyun Park, Jinfang Zhu, David L Wiest, Warren J Leonard, Michail S Lionakis, John J O'Shea, Behdad Afzali, Yasmine Belkaid, Vanja Lazarevic
CD4+ T helper 17 (TH 17) cells protect barrier tissues but also trigger autoimmunity. The mechanisms behind these opposing processes remain unclear. Here, we found that the transcription factor EGR2 controlled the transcriptional program of pathogenic TH 17 cells in the central nervous system (CNS) but not that of protective TH 17 cells at barrier sites. EGR2 was significantly elevated in myelin-reactive CD4+ T cells from patients with multiple sclerosis and mice with autoimmune neuroinflammation. The EGR2 transcriptional program was intricately woven within the TH 17 cell transcriptional regulatory network and showed high interconnectivity with core TH 17 cell-specific transcription factors...
July 13, 2023: Nature Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37404899/significance-of-ppara-as-a-treatment-target-for-chronic-lymphocytic-leukemia
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xixi Xiang, Fu Li, Sha Zhou, Yunjing Zeng, Xiaojuan Deng, Hongyang Zhang, Jiali Li, Hongyun Liu, Jun Rao, Lei Gao, Cheng Zhang, Qin Wen, Li Gao, Xi Zhang
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARA) has been suggested as a therapeutic target for chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). However, the underlying molecular mechanism remains largely unclear. In this study, we analyzed DNA next-generation sequencing (NGS) data and clinical information from 86 CLL patients to identify gene markers related to treatment-free survival (TFS) length. We then constructed a genetic network that includes CLL promoters, treatment targets, and TFS-related marker genes...
2023: PPAR Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37400364/extremely-low-frequency-electromagnetic-field-exposure-alters-dna-methylation-levels-in-the-endometrium-of-pigs-during-the-peri-implantation-period
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Pawel Jozef Wydorski, Wiktoria Kozlowska, Ewa Monika Drzewiecka, Agata Zmijewska, Anita Franczak
CONTEXT: Extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF) emission is increasing due to substantial technological progress. The results of previous research provided evidence that ELF-EMF may exert changes in molecular mechanisms that control female reproduction. AIMS: We hypothesised that short-term ELF-EMF treatment alters the DNA methylation level of genes in the endometrium. Hence, the research aimed to determine the methylation level of selected genes whose expression was altered in response to ELF-EMF radiation in the endometrium of pigs during the peri-implantation period (days 15-16 of pregnancy)...
July 4, 2023: Reproduction, Fertility, and Development
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