keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38426177/novel-artificial-intelligence-based-hypodensity-detection-tool-improves-clinician-identification-of-hypodensity-on-non-contrast-computed-tomography-in-stroke-patients
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Angela Dos Santos, Milanka Visser, Longting Lin, Andrew Bivard, Leonid Churilov, Mark William Parsons
INTRODUCTION: In acute stroke, identifying early changes (parenchymal hypodensity) on non-contrast CT (NCCT) can be challenging. We aimed to identify whether the accuracy of clinicians in detecting acute hypodensity in ischaemic stroke patients on a non-contrast CT is improved with the use of an Artificial Intelligence (AI) based, automated hypodensity detection algorithm (HDT) using MRI-DWI as the gold standard. METHODS: The study employed a case-crossover within-clinician design, where 32 clinicians were tasked with identifying hypodensity lesions on NCCT scans for five a priori selected patient cases, before and after viewing the AI-based HDT...
2024: Frontiers in Neurology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38398201/emerging-trends-in-ai-and-radiomics-for-bladder-kidney-and-prostate-cancer-a-critical-review
#2
REVIEW
Georgios Feretzakis, Patrick Juliebø-Jones, Arman Tsaturyan, Tarik Emre Sener, Vassilios S Verykios, Dimitrios Karapiperis, Themistoklis Bellos, Stamatios Katsimperis, Panagiotis Angelopoulos, Ioannis Varkarakis, Andreas Skolarikos, Bhaskar Somani, Lazaros Tzelves
This comprehensive review critically examines the transformative impact of artificial intelligence (AI) and radiomics in the diagnosis, prognosis, and management of bladder, kidney, and prostate cancers. These cutting-edge technologies are revolutionizing the landscape of cancer care, enhancing both precision and personalization in medical treatments. Our review provides an in-depth analysis of the latest advancements in AI and radiomics, with a specific focus on their roles in urological oncology. We discuss how AI and radiomics have notably improved the accuracy of diagnosis and staging in bladder cancer, especially through advanced imaging techniques like multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) and CT scans...
February 16, 2024: Cancers
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38387114/sc-gan-structure-completion-generative-adversarial-network-for-synthetic-ct-generation-from-mr-images-with-truncated-anatomy
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xinru Chen, Yao Zhao, Laurence E Court, He Wang, Tinsu Pan, Jack Phan, Xin Wang, Yao Ding, Jinzhong Yang
Creating synthetic CT (sCT) from magnetic resonance (MR) images enables MR-based treatment planning in radiation therapy. However, the MR images used for MR-guided adaptive planning are often truncated in the boundary regions due to the limited field of view and the need for sequence optimization. Consequently, the sCT generated from these truncated MR images lacks complete anatomic information, leading to dose calculation error for MR-based adaptive planning. We propose a novel structure-completion generative adversarial network (SC-GAN) to generate sCT with full anatomic details from the truncated MR images...
February 10, 2024: Computerized Medical Imaging and Graphics: the Official Journal of the Computerized Medical Imaging Society
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38355987/learning-ct-free-attenuation-corrected-total-body-pet-images-through-deep-learning
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wenbo Li, Zhenxing Huang, Zixiang Chen, Yongluo Jiang, Chao Zhou, Xu Zhang, Wei Fan, Yumo Zhao, Lulu Zhang, Liwen Wan, Yongfeng Yang, Hairong Zheng, Dong Liang, Zhanli Hu
OBJECTIVES: Total-body PET/CT scanners with long axial fields of view have enabled unprecedented image quality and quantitative accuracy. However, the ionizing radiation from CT is a major issue in PET imaging, which is more evident with reduced radiopharmaceutical doses in total-body PET/CT. Therefore, we attempted to generate CT-free attenuation-corrected (CTF-AC) total-body PET images through deep learning. METHODS: Based on total-body PET data from 122 subjects (29 females and 93 males), a well-established cycle-consistent generative adversarial network (Cycle-GAN) was employed to generate CTF-AC total-body PET images directly while introducing site structures as prior information...
February 15, 2024: European Radiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38323878/feasibility-of-bone-marrow-edema-detection-using-dual-energy-cone-beam-computed-tomography
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Stephen Z Liu, Magdalena Herbst, Jamin Schaefer, Thomas Weber, Sebastian Vogt, Ludwig Ritschl, Steffen Kappler, Christopher E Kawcak, Holly L Stewart, Jeffrey H Siewerdsen, Wojciech Zbijewski
BACKGROUND: Dual-energy (DE) detection of bone marrow edema (BME) would be a valuable new diagnostic capability for the emerging orthopedic cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) systems. However, this imaging task is inherently challenging because of the narrow energy separation between water (edematous fluid) and fat (health yellow marrow), requiring precise artifact correction and dedicated material decomposition approaches. PURPOSE: We investigate the feasibility of BME assessment using kV-switching DE CBCT with a comprehensive CBCT artifact correction framework and a two-stage projection- and image-domain three-material decomposition algorithm...
February 7, 2024: Medical Physics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38289518/parapet-non-invasive-deep-learning-method-for-direct-parametric-brain-pet-reconstruction-using-histoimages
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rajat Vashistha, Hamed Moradi, Amanda Hammond, Kieran O'Brien, Axel Rominger, Hasan Sari, Kuangyu Shi, Viktor Vegh, David Reutens
BACKGROUND: The indirect method for generating parametric images in positron emission tomography (PET) involves the acquisition and reconstruction of dynamic images and temporal modelling of tissue activity given a measured arterial input function. This approach is not robust, as noise in each dynamic image leads to a degradation in parameter estimation. Direct methods incorporate into the image reconstruction step both the kinetic and noise models, leading to improved parametric images...
January 30, 2024: EJNMMI Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38283756/evolution-of-spontaneous-portosystemic-shunts-over-time-and-following-aetiological-intervention-in-patients-with-cirrhosis
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Judit Vidal-González, Javier Martínez, Akhilesh Mulay, Marta López, Anna Baiges, Ahmed Elmahdy, Katharina Lampichler, Geert Maleux, Johannes Chang, Marta Poncela, Gavin Low, Gabriele Ghigliazza, Alexander Zipprich, Carmen Picón, Rushabh Shah, Elba Llop, Anna Darnell, Martin H Maurer, Lawrence Bonne, Enrique Ramón, Sergi Quiroga, Juan G Abraldes, Aleksander Krag, Jonel Trebicka, Cristina Ripoll, Vincenzo La Mura, Puneeta Tandon, Rita García-Martínez, Michael Praktiknjo, Wim Laleman, Thomas Reiberger, Annalisa Berzigotti, Virginia Hernández-Gea, José Luis Calleja, Emmanuel A Tsochatzis, Agustín Albillos, Macarena Simón-Talero, Joan Genescà
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Spontaneous portosystemic shunts (SPSS) develop frequently in cirrhosis. Changes over time and the effect of aetiological interventions on SPSS are unknown, so we aimed to explore the effect of these variables on SPSS evolution. METHODS: Patients with cirrhosis from the Baveno VI-SPSS cohort were selected provided a follow-up abdominal CT or MRI scan was available. Clinical and laboratory data were collected at baseline and follow-up. Imaging tests were reviewed to evaluate changes in the presence and size of SPSS (large (L)-SPSS was ≥8 mm) over time...
February 2024: JHEP reports: innovation in hepatology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38263843/staging-of-breast-cancer-in-the-breast-and-regional-lymph-nodes-using-contrast-enhanced-photon-counting-detector-ct-accuracy-and-potential-impact-on-patient-management
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mariana Yalon, Tiffany Sae-Kho, Akriti Khanna, Shaojie Chang, Boleyn R Andrist, Nikkole M Weber, Safa Hoodeshenas, Andrea Ferrero, Katrina N Glazebrook, Cynthia H McCollough, Francis I Baffour
OBJECTIVES: To describe the feasibility and evaluate the performance of multiphasic photon-counting detector (PCD) CT for detecting breast cancer and nodal metastases with correlative dynamic breast MRI and digital mammography as the reference standard. METHODS: Adult females with biopsy-proven breast cancer undergoing staging breast MRI were prospectively recruited to undergo a multiphasic PCD-CT using a 3-phase protocol: a non-contrast ultra-high-resolution (UHR) scan and 2 intravenous contrast-enhanced scans with 50 and 180 s delay...
January 23, 2024: British Journal of Radiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38252362/assessment-of-resectability-of-pancreatic-cancer-using-novel-immersive-high-performance-virtual-reality-rendering-of-abdominal-computed-tomography-and-magnetic-resonance-imaging
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Julia Madlaina Kunz, Peter Maloca, Andreas Allemann, David Fasler, Savas Soysal, Silvio Däster, Marko Kraljević, Gulbahar Syeda, Benjamin Weixler, Christian Nebiker, Vincent Ochs, Raoul Droeser, Harriet Louise Walker, Martin Bolli, Beat Müller, Philippe Cattin, Sebastian Manuel Staubli
PURPOSE: Virtual reality (VR) allows for an immersive and interactive analysis of imaging data such as computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The aim of this study is to assess the comprehensibility of VR anatomy and its value in assessing resectability of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). METHODS: This study assesses exposure to VR anatomy and evaluates the potential role of VR in assessing resectability of PDAC. Firstly, volumetric abdominal CT and MRI data were displayed in an immersive VR environment...
January 22, 2024: International Journal of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38238598/imaging-characteristics-of-too-long-anterior-process-syndrome-in-children-and-adolescents
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Charlotte Chiri, Daniela Rapilat, Damien Fron, Jonathan Lichtle, Héloïse Lerisson, Mohamed El Fayoumi, Nathalie Boutry
BACKGROUND: In the presence of pain over the lateral aspect of the foot or recurrent ankle sprain in children, medical imaging is often employed to investigate potential causes, such as a calcaneonavicular coalition or a too-long anterior process (TLAP) of the calcaneus. Diagnosis and categorization of calcaneonavicular coalitions (synostosis, synchondrosis, or synfibrosis) is generally facilitated through imaging, in contrast to TLAP, which lacks well-defined semiological characteristics, apart from a calcaneonavicular space measurement of less than 5 mm...
January 19, 2024: Pediatric Radiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38084942/combined-transpetrosal-approach-2-dimensional-operative-video
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tingting Jiang, Dimitrios Charitos, Jerold Justo, Tancredo Alcantara, Michelle Grouls, Juan De Battista, Thibault Passeri, Sébastien Froelich
INDICATIONS CORRIDOR AND LIMITS OF EXPOSURE: This approach is suitable for petroclival lesions medial to V cranial nerve that extend in both middle and posterior fossa. It provides multiple surgical corridors with minimal brain retraction. ANATOMIC ESSENTIALS NEED FOR PREOPERATIVE PLANNING AND ASSESSMENT: Several critical neurovascular structures of the petrous bone are at risk during the approach. Meticulous reading of the preoperative images is fundamental. It is mandatory to perform a thin section computed tomography scan, an MRI, and, in case of petroclival meningiomas, a digital subtraction angiography...
December 12, 2023: Operative Neurosurgery (Hagerstown, Md.)
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38020497/an-improvement-of-the-cnn-xgboost-model-for-pneumonia-disease-classification
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yousra Hedhoud, Tahar Mekhaznia, Mohamed Amroune
PURPOSE: X-ray images are viewed as a vital component in emergency diagnosis. They are often used by deep learning applications for disease prediction, especially for thoracic pathologies. Pneumonia, a fatal thoracic disease induced by bacteria or viruses, generates a pleural effusion where fluids are accumulated inside lungs, leading to breathing difficulty. The utilization of X-ray imaging for pneumonia detection offers several advantages over other modalities such as computed tomography scans or magnetic resonance imaging...
2023: Polish Journal of Radiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37985553/surgeons-versus-radiologists-do-we-care-what-they-think
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jeff Thomas, Ashly Jerome, Georgia Marr, Diederick Willem De Boo, Jon Gani
BACKGROUNDS: Acute surgical care nowadays usually involves access to urgent imaging. There is a paucity of data on how often the images or radiologist reports of these images are used by the surgical team. We aimed to identify the rates and timeliness of radiology images and report viewing for acute surgical admissions in an Australian tertiary university teaching hospital. METHODS: We utilized a data set comprising radiological studies completed at our institute during a one-month period...
November 20, 2023: ANZ Journal of Surgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37969633/imaging-of-knee-osteoarthritis-a-review-of-multimodal-diagnostic-approach
#14
REVIEW
Claudia Lucia Piccolo, Carlo Augusto Mallio, Federica Vaccarino, Rosario Francesco Grasso, Bruno Beomonte Zobel
Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a common chronic condition among the elderly population that significantly affects the quality of life. Imaging is crucial in the diagnosis, evaluation, and management of KOA. This manuscript reviews the various imaging modalities available until now, with a little focus on the recent developments with Artificial Intelligence. Currently, radiography is the first-line imaging modality recommended for the diagnosis of KOA, owing to its wide availability, affordability, and ability to provide a clear view of bony components of the knee...
November 1, 2023: Quantitative Imaging in Medicine and Surgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37955389/multimodal-cross-device-and-marker-free-co-registration-of-preclinical-imaging-modalities
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mirko Thamm, Justin J Jeffery, Yapei Zhang, Bryan R Smith, Stephen Marchant, Fabian Kiessling, Felix Gremse
Integrated preclinical multimodal imaging systems, such as X-ray computed tomography (CT) combined with positron emission tomography (PET) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) combined with PET, are widely available and typically provide robustly co-registered volumes. However, separate devices are often needed to combine a standalone MRI with an existing PET-CT or to incorporate additional data from optical tomography or high-resolution X-ray microtomography. This necessitates image co-registration, which involves complex aspects such as multimodal mouse bed design, fiducial marker inclusion, image reconstruction, and software-based image fusion...
October 27, 2023: Journal of Visualized Experiments: JoVE
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37811095/role-of-radiological-corroboration-in-a-locally-aggressive-inverted-papilloma-a-case-report
#16
Asim Mahat, Gopal K Yadav, Durga Neupane, Upama Mishra, Sujan Khadka, Bishesh Lamichhane
INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE: Sinonasal inverted papilloma is a rare benign tumor of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses (PNS). Radiological evaluation is the key to management. CASE PRESENTATION: A 46-year-old male presented with complaints of right nasal congestion and occasional bleeding for 4 months. During anterior rhinoscopy, a pinkish fleshy mass occupying the right nasal cavity was seen. X-ray and computed tomography (CT) PNS view showed opacification in the right nasal cavity and maxillary sinus...
October 2023: Annals of Medicine and Surgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37785903/radiosensitizer-releasing-fiducial-nanofiducial-a-new-concept-in-radiotherapy
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
I P Aral, G Tezel, G A Inan, A K Aksakal, Z Gani, S Aytac Arslan, I Eroğlu, O Alp, H Eroğlu, Y Tezcan
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S): Fiducial is a material used in stereotactic radiotherapy (SRT). Additionally, radiosensitizing nanostructures are an interesting opportunity for improving RT clinical benefits. In this study, it was aimed to combine both technologies by designing and synthesizing a tailor-made 'nanofiducial' functionalized with a radiosensitizing nanoparticle. MATERIALS/METHODS: AGuIX are sub-5 nm nanoparticles containing gadolinium (Z = 64) having both MRI contrast capability and radiosensitization effects...
October 1, 2023: International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37780482/incidentally-detected-retroperitoneal-paraganglioma-in-a-10-year-old-french-bulldog
#18
Baptiste Porte, Julie Deprey, Antonin Tortereau, Eve Ramery, Frédérique Ponce, Jean Luc Cadoré, Thibaut Cachon
This article reports a case of a 10-year-old French bulldog initially seen for reluctance to move and episodes of pain. A magnetic resonance imaging study was undertaken in order to rule out a herniated disc. A large, retroperitoneal mass was visualized and cytological analysis suggested a neoplastic proliferation. The mass appeared to compress the caudal vena cava when viewed by abdominal CT scan. The mass was surgically removed. A nephrectomy was also carried out and aortic bleeding identified after dissection of adhesions...
October 2023: Canadian Veterinary Journal. la Revue Vétérinaire Canadienne
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37714440/a-combined-surgical-approach-for-recurrent-patellar-dislocation-in-adolescents-with-patella-alta-and-increased-tibial-tuberosity-trochlear-groove-distance-improved-clinical-outcomes-but-decreased-posterior-tibial-slopes-in-skeletally-immature-patients-at-minimum
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yunhe Mao, Junqiao Li, Yinghao Li, Jianwei Zhu, Yan Xiong, Jian Li
PURPOSE: (1) To report the clinical and radiological outcomes of a surgical technique combining anatomic medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) reconstruction and tibia tuberosity transfer in adolescents with patella alta and elevated tibial tuberosity-trochlear groove (TT-TG) distance, in the treatment of recurrent patellar dislocation (RPD); (2) To investigate the potential risks of growth arrest or developmental deformities associated with this combined technique. METHODS: Medical records of patients underwent the combined surgery were reviewed from 2015 to 2019...
September 13, 2023: Arthroscopy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37665518/consensus-for-management-of-sacral-fractures-from-the-diagnosis-to-the-treatment-with-a-focus-on-the-role-of-decompression-in-sacral-fractures
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alessandro Aprato, Luigi Branca Vergano, Alessandro Casiraghi, Francesco Liuzza, Umberto Mezzadri, Alberto Balagna, Lorenzo Prandoni, Mohamed Rohayem, Lorenzo Sacchi, Amarildo Smakaj, Mario Arduini, Alessandro Are, Concetto Battiato, Marco Berlusconi, Federico Bove, Stefano Cattaneo, Matteo Cavanna, Federico Chiodini, Matteo Commessatti, Francesco Addevico, Rocco Erasmo, Alberto Ferreli, Claudio Galante, Pietro Domenico Giorgi, Federico Lamponi, Alessandro Moghnie, Michel Oransky, Antonio Panella, Raffaele Pascarella, Federico Santolini, Giuseppe Rosario Schiro, Marco Stella, Kristijan Zoccola, Alessandro Massé
BACKGROUND: There is no evidence in the current literature about the best treatment option in sacral fracture with or without neurological impairment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The Italian Pelvic Trauma Association (A.I.P.) decided to organize a consensus to define the best treatment for traumatic and insufficiency fractures according to neurological impairment. RESULTS: Consensus has been reached for the following statements: When complete neurological examination cannot be performed, pelvic X-rays, CT scan, hip and pelvis MRI, lumbosacral MRI, and lower extremities evoked potentials are useful...
September 4, 2023: Journal of Orthopaedics and Traumatology: Official Journal of the Italian Society of Orthopaedics and Traumatology
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