Non-regenerative anemia

A 2.5-year-old castrated male cat presented with fever and marked generalized lymphadenopathy of 4-months duration, despite treatment with amoxicillin-clavulanate/marbofloxacin. Abnormalities were not detected on complete blood count, serum chemistry, and FIV/FeLV test apart from a borderline, non-regenerative anemia. Peripheral lymph node fine needle aspirations revealed a marked increase in the percentage of intermediate- and lymphoblastic-lymphocytes in addition to reactive macrophages. Three weeks after presentation, the cat developed a severe, regenerative, immune-mediated hemolytic anemia (IMHA) which responded to immunosuppressive therapy...

A cat was presented with depression and anorexia. The complete blood cell count (CBC) revealed non-regenerative anemia (PCV, 8.5%), marked thrombocytopenia (2,400/µl), and leukocytosis (32,090/µl). In the peripheral blood, proliferation of blast cells (85%; 27,276/µl) and basophils (7.7%; 2,460/µl) was observed. Bone marrow aspirate showed hyperplasia with 8.8% blasts and 90.2% basophils of all nucleated cells. The blast cells were negative for myeloperoxidase staining and positive for alpha-naphthol butyrate esterase staining, indicating the agranular blasts are monoblasts...

BACKGROUND: Although precursor-targeted immune-mediated anemia (PIMA) is thought to be caused by immune targeting of erythroid precursors (nucleated RBCs, nRBCs), its pathogenesis is unknown. Immunoglobulin G (IgG) or phosphatidylserine (PS) may promote nRBC destruction in PIMA. HYPOTHESIS: Dogs with PIMA have increased nRBC IgG and PS, and dogs with immune-mediated hemolytic anemia (IMHA) have increased RBC PS compared to healthy dogs. ANIMALS: Blood from 20 healthy dogs and from dogs with IMHA (11) or other (non-IMHA) conditions (9), and marrow aspirates with or without blood from 10 healthy dogs and from dogs with PIMA (17) or other (non-IMHA, non-PIMA) conditions (7)...

BACKGROUND: In ineffective erythropoiesis, hepcidin synthesis is suppressed by erythroid regulators, namely erythroferrone and growth differentiation factor-15. For the first time, the hypothesis that iron overload in megaloblastic anemia may be related to ineffective erythropoiesis is explored by describing the kinetics of hepcidin, erythroferrone, and growth differentiation factor-15 levels in a patient diagnosed with megaloblastic anemia associated with iron overload. CASE PRESENTATION: An 81-year-old Caucasian male was admitted for fatigue...

Anemia is considered a common finding in dogs with chronic kidney disease (CKD), typically as normochromic, normocytic, and non-regenerative. Although anemia can occur at any CKD IRIS (International Renal Interest Society) stage, its severity is related with the loss of kidney function. The aim of the present study was to retrospectively evaluate quantitative and morphological abnormalities of the erythrogram in dogs at different CKD IRIS stages. A total of 482 CBCs from 3648 initially screened were included in the study...

A 4-month-old, 31-kg intact male mixed-breed Bernese mountain dog was presented for evaluation of severe non-regenerative anemia after several days of lethargy, inappetence and pale mucous membranes. Bone marrow evaluation and complete response to immunosuppressive therapy were suggestive of primary pure red cell aplasia (PRCA). Primary PRCA is a rare immune-mediated non-regenerative anemia that is overrepresented in middle-aged to older spayed female dogs and has not previously been described in an intact male puppy...

Black cohosh extract (BCE) is marketed to women as an alternative to hormone replacement therapy for alleviating menopausal symptoms. Previous studies by the National Toxicology Program (NTP) revealed that BCE induced micronuclei (MN) and a non-regenerative macrocytic anemia in rats and mice, likely caused by disruption of the folate metabolism pathway. Additional work using TK6 cells showed that BCE induced aneugenicity by destabilizing microtubules. In the present study, BCE-induced MN were confirmed in TK6 and HepG2 cells...

Renal maldevelopment (RM) has been proposed to replace the old and sometimes misused term "renal dysplasia" in dogs. Although renal dysplasia has been described in Boxers, hereditary transmission has only been hypothesized. This study reports clinical and renal histological findings in Boxer dogs with RM, proposing a possible mode of inheritance. Medical records of 9 female Boxer dogs, older than 5 months and with a clinical diagnosis of chronic kidney disease prior to one year of age, were retrospectively reviewed...

Iron is a major mineral in the human body. It participates in various metabolisms, including oxygen transport in hemoglobin. Iron deficiency (ID) is characterized by a deficit in circulating iron. There are two types of ID : 1) absolute ID (AID), in case of decrease in iron reserves and circulating iron, or 2) functional ID (FID), in case of decrease in circulating iron, while reserves are preserved or increased. AID is mainly due to bleeding, usually gastrointestinal, while FID is linked to the inflammatory syndrome...

Iron is involved in many types of metabolism, including oxygen transport in hemoglobin. Iron deficiency (ID), ie a decrease in circulating iron, can have severe consequences. We provide an update on iron metabolism and ID, highlighting the particularities in older adults (OAs). There are three iron compartments in the human body: 1) the functional compartment, which consists of heme proteins including hemoglobin, myoglobin and respiratory enzymes; 2) iron reserves (IR), which consist mainly of liver stocks and are stored as ferritin; and 3) transferrin...

Anemia associated with Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) is usually hemolytic and regenerative. Cases of non-regenerative pure red cell aplasia are rare, and typically improve upon drug discontinuation and after corticotherapy. We herein report a case of nivolumab-related erythroblastopenia refractory to steroids in a melanoma patient that improved only after treatment with cyclosporin. Nivolumab had been well tolerated for 2 months after being introduced as an adjuvant treatment. Hemoglobin level then progressively decreased from 12...

Autoimmune hemolytic anemias. Autoimmune hemolytic anemias (AIHA) are a rare cause of acquired hemolytic anemia, linked to the presence of an autoantibody directed against one or more antigens expressed on the surface of the red blood cell and certified by a positive direct antiglobulin test (DAT). AIHA can be non regenerative (10-20% of cases) and DAT may be negative (5% of cases). There are two main forms: warm antibodies AIHA (IgG positive TDA +/- C3d) and cold antibodies AIHA (C3d positive TDA), which differ in their underlying causes and treatment...

The objectives of the current study were to assess the preliminary status of Cytauxzoon felis (C. felis) infection among outdoor cats in Mashhad, Iran and also to compare clinicopathological findings between C. felis infected and non-infected cats. Blood samples were collected from 100 outdoor domestic cats between April and September in 2019. Infection with C. felis was determined using microscopic observation of giemsa-stained blood smears and molecular analysis. The piroplasms was microscopically detected in 5 (5%) of the blood smears with low parasitemia...

Two domestic shorthair cats were presented with anorexia and dehydration following ingestion of caramelized onions. Shared key findings from a CBC (ADVIA 2120), serum biochemistry, and urinalysis included a spurious, marked leukocytosis with discordant basophil (BASO) channel and peroxidase channel WBC counts, normal manual leukocyte counts, mild, non-regenerative anemia with discrepancies between automated and manual reticulocyte counts, an abundance of large Heinz bodies (HBs), and highly irregular scattergrams...

Non-neoplastic bone marrow disorders such as non-regenerative immune-mediated anemia, pure red cell aplasia, and myelodysplastic syndrome are major causes of non-regenerative anemia in dogs. However, there has been no study on the clinical and clinicopathological features of canine non-neoplastic bone marrow disorders in Japan. Hence, we first investigated the breed disposition of non-neoplastic bone marrow disorders that induce anemia as a retrospective study and found that Miniature Dachshund (MD) was a predisposed breed...

BACKGROUND AND AIM: The aim of this study is to evaluate the clinical, biological and hematological profiles of autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) in children and to specify its etiologies, therapeutic modalities, and treatment responses. METHODS: This is a 14-year retrospective study of AIHA cases collected at the department of pediatric emergency and reanimation of Hedi Chaker University Hospital in Sfax. We included patients under 14 years old with clinical and biological features of hemolysis and a positive direct antiglobulin test (DAT)...

A 4-year-old male neutered domestic shorthair cat was presented to The Ohio State University College of Veterinary Medicine for a 2-month history of severe weight loss, lethargy, anemia, and bilaterally hyperechoic kidneys with loss of corticomedullary distinction as reported by the referring veterinarian. Relevant initial laboratory results included severe non-regenerative normocytic hypochromic anemia, increased blood urea nitrogen, minimally concentrated urine, proteinuria, and an increased urine protein:creatinine ratio...

OBJECTIVE: To document a case of transient AB blood type indicated by immunochromatography in a type B cat following administration of an incompatible type A transfusion. CASE SUMMARY: A 7-month-old neutered male domestic longhair cat was evaluted for anemia, pigmenturia, and intravascular hemolysis 1 day after receiving a feline whole blood transfusion. Neither blood donor nor patient had been blood-typed or crossmatched. The cat presented in shock with a severe non-regenerative anemia, hyperlactatemia, hyperbilirubinemia, hemoglobinemia, hemoglobinuria, and a positive saline slide agglutination test...

Nannizziopsiaceae is a family of fungal organisms within the order Onygenales containing two genera of important reptile pathogens, Nannizziopsis and Paranannizziopsis . A captive Galapagos tortoise ( Chelonoidis nigra ) from Boca Raton, Florida, United States, was presented for a clinical history of chronic progressive lethargy and inappetence. At initial presentation, the tortoise had a moderate non-regenerative anemia, leukocytosis, whip-like heterophil projections, erythrocyte fragmentation, and fibrin strands, with the latter two raising concern for disseminated intravascular coagulation...

Avian species experience extensive morbidity and mortality following large-scale oil spills, often resulting in oiled birds being rescued, and admitted to rehabilitation. Our objective was to experimentally establish time-specific, descriptive blood analyte data following sublethal oil exposure and subsequent rehabilitation. Thirty wild Ring-billed Gulls ( Larus delawarensis ) were randomly allocated to three treatment groups of 10 birds each. One treatment group served as controls and two treatment groups were externally oiled daily for 3 days with weathered MC252 oil collected from the Deepwater Horizon oil spill, mimicking the upper threshold of the US Fish and Wildlife Service's moderate oiling classification...