keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38497893/biomimetic-dual-network-collagen-fibers-with-porous-and-mechanical-cues-reconstruct-neural-stem-cell-niche-via-akt-yap-mechanotransduction-after-spinal-cord-injury
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Haitao Zhao, Tiandi Xiong, Yun Chu, Wangping Hao, Tongtong Zhao, Xinyue Sun, Yan Zhuang, Bing Chen, Yannan Zhao, Jun Wang, Yanyan Chen, Jianwu Dai
Tissue engineering scaffolds can mediate the maneuverability of neural stem cell (NSC) niche to influence NSC behavior, such as cell self-renewal, proliferation, and differentiation direction, showing the promising application in spinal cord injury (SCI) repair. Here, dual-network porous collagen fibers (PCFS) are developed as neurogenesis scaffolds by employing biomimetic plasma ammonia oxidase catalysis and conventional amidation cross-linking. Following optimizing the mechanical parameters of PCFS, the well-matched Young's modulus and physiological dynamic adaptability of PCFS (4...
March 18, 2024: Small
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38496903/activation-of-the-bmp2-smad1-cgrp-pathway-in-dorsal-root-ganglia-contributes-to-bone-cancer-pain-in-a-rat-model
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wei Wang, Zhihao Gong, Kai Wang, Mi Tian, Yuxin Zhang, Xin Li, Xingji You, Jingxiang Wu
Peripheral nerve remodeling and sensitization are involved in cancer-related bone pain. As a member of the transforming growth factor-β class, bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) is recognized to have a role in the development of the neurological and skeletal systems. Our previous work showed that BMP2 is critical for bone cancer pain (BCP) sensitization. However, the mechanism remains unknown. In the current study, we demonstrated a substantial increase in BMP2 expression in the dorsal root ganglia (DRG) in a rat model of BCP...
March 30, 2024: Heliyon
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38496681/dense-continuous-membrane-labeling-and-expansion-microscopy-visualization-of-ultrastructure-in-tissues
#3
Tay Won Shin, Hao Wang, Chi Zhang, Bobae An, Yangning Lu, Elizabeth Zhang, Xiaotang Lu, Emmanouil D Karagiannis, Jeong Seuk Kang, Amauche Emenari, Panagiotis Symvoulidis, Shoh Asano, Leanne Lin, Emma K Costa, Adam H Marblestone, Narayanan Kasthuri, Li-Huei Tsai, Edward S Boyden
Lipid membranes are key to the nanoscale compartmentalization of biological systems, but fluorescent visualization of them in intact tissues, with nanoscale precision, is challenging to do with high labeling density. Here, we report ultrastructural membrane expansion microscopy (umExM), which combines a novel membrane label and optimized expansion microscopy protocol, to support dense labeling of membranes in tissues for nanoscale visualization. We validated the high signal-to-background ratio, and uniformity and continuity, of umExM membrane labeling in brain slices, which supported the imaging of membranes and proteins at a resolution of ∼60 nm on a confocal microscope...
March 8, 2024: bioRxiv
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38496671/molecular-control-of-temporal-integration-matches-decision-making-to-motivational-state
#4
Aditya K Gautham, Lauren E Miner, Marco N Franco, Stephen C Thornquist, Michael A Crickmore
Motivations bias our responses to stimuli, producing behavioral outcomes that match our needs and goals. We describe a mechanism behind this phenomenon: adjusting the time over which stimulus-derived information is permitted to accumulate toward a decision. As a Drosophila copulation progresses, the male becomes less likely to continue mating through challenges. We show that a set of Copulation Decision Neurons (CDNs) flexibly integrates information about competing drives to mediate this decision. Early in mating, dopamine signaling restricts CDN integration time by potentiating CaMKII activation in response to stimulatory inputs, imposing a high threshold for changing behaviors...
March 5, 2024: bioRxiv
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38496663/lineage-commitment-pathways-epigenetically-oppose-oncogenic-g%C3%AE-q-11-yap-signaling-in-dormant-disseminated-uveal-melanoma
#5
Rama Kadamb, Melisa Lopez Anton, Timothy J Purwin, Vivian Chua, Lornella Seeneevassen, Jessica Teh, M Angela Nieto, Takami Sato, Mizue Terai, Sergio Roman Roman, Leanne De Koning, Deyou Zheng, Andrew E Aplin, Julio Aguirre-Ghiso
UNLABELLED: The mechanisms driving late relapse in uveal melanoma (UM) patients remains a medical mystery and major challenge. Clinically it is inferred that UM disseminated cancer cells (DCCs) persist asymptomatic for years-to-decades mainly in the liver before they manifest as symptomatic metastasis. Here we reveal using Gαq/11 mut /BAP wt human uveal melanoma models and human UM metastatic samples, that the neural crest lineage commitment nuclear receptor NR2F1 is a key regulator of spontaneous UM DCC dormancy in the liver...
March 8, 2024: bioRxiv
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38496661/light-and-dopamine-impact-two-circadian-neurons-to-promote-morning-wakefulness
#6
Jasmine Quynh Le, Dingbang Ma, Xihuimin Dai, Michael Rosbash
In both mammals and flies, circadian brain neurons orchestrate physiological oscillations and behaviors like wake and sleep; these neurons can be subdivided by morphology and by gene expression patterns. Recent single-cell sequencing studies identified 17 Drosophila circadian neuron groups. One of these include only two lateral neurons (LNs), which are marked by the expression of the neuropeptide ion transport peptide (ITP). Although these two ITP + LNs have long been grouped with five other circadian evening activity cells, inhibiting the two neurons alone strongly reduces morning activity; this indicates that they are prominent morning neurons...
March 8, 2024: bioRxiv
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38496612/alpha-synuclein-regulates-the-repair-of-genomic-dna-double-strand-breaks-in-a-dna-pk-cs-dependent-manner
#7
Elizabeth P Rose, Valerie R Osterberg, Jovin S Banga, Vera Gorbunova, Vivek K Unni
α-synuclein (αSyn) is a presynaptic and nuclear protein that aggregates in important neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's Disease (PD), Parkinson's Disease Dementia (PDD) and Lewy Body Dementia (LBD). Our past work suggests that nuclear αSyn may regulate forms of DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair in HAP1 cells after DNA damage induction with the chemotherapeutic agent bleomycin 1 . Here, we report that genetic deletion of αSyn specifically impairs the non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ) pathway of DSB repair using an extrachromosomal plasmid-based repair assay in HAP1 cells...
March 4, 2024: bioRxiv
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38496590/glutamate-signaling-and-neuroligin-neurexin-adhesion-play-opposing-roles-that-are-mediated-by-major-histocompatibility-complex-i-molecules-in-cortical-synapse-formation
#8
Gabrielle L Sell, Stephanie L Barrow, A Kimberley McAllister
Although neurons release neurotransmitter before contact, the role for this release in synapse formation remains unclear. Cortical synapses do not require synaptic vesicle release for formation 1-4 , yet glutamate clearly regulates glutamate receptor trafficking 5,6 and induces spine formation 7-11 . Using a culture system to dissect molecular mechanisms, we found that glutamate rapidly decreases synapse density specifically in young cortical neurons in a local and calcium-dependent manner through decreasing NMDAR transport and surface expression as well as co-transport with neuroligin (NL1)...
March 7, 2024: bioRxiv
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38496533/medial-prefrontal-dopamine-dynamics-reflect-allocation-of-selective-attention
#9
Patrick R Melugin, Suzanne O Nolan, Evelyn Kandov, Carson F Ferrara, Zahra Z Farahbakhsh, Cody A Siciliano
The mesocortical dopamine system is comprised of midbrain dopamine neurons that predominantly innervate the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and exert a powerful neuromodulatory influence over this region 1,2 . mPFC dopamine activity is thought to be critical for fundamental neurobiological processes including valence coding and decision-making 3,4 . Despite enduring interest in this pathway, the stimuli and conditions that engage mPFC dopamine release have remained enigmatic due to inherent limitations in conventional methods for dopamine monitoring which have prevented real-time in vivo observation 5 ...
March 6, 2024: bioRxiv
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38496510/the-auditory-midbrain-mediates-tactile-vibration-sensing
#10
Erica L Huey, Josef Turecek, Michelle M Delisle, Ofer Mazor, Gabriel E Romero, Malvika Dua, Zoe K Sarafis, Alexis Hobble, Kevin T Booth, Lisa V Goodrich, David P Corey, David D Ginty
Vibrations are ubiquitous in nature, shaping behavior across the animal kingdom. For mammals, sound waves traveling through air are captured by the cochlea and the neural signals they generate are encoded in the auditory system 1 . Mechanical vibrations acting on the body are detected by mechanoreceptors of the skin and deep tissue and processed by the somatosensory system 2 . As such, the neural pathways that underlie perception and reaction to sound waves and mechanical vibrations are believed to be anatomically distinct and functionally independent...
March 8, 2024: bioRxiv
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38496508/deep-sequencing-of-proteotoxicity-modifier-genes-uncovers-a-presenilin-2-beta-amyloid-actin-genetic-risk-module-shared-among-alpha-synucleinopathies
#11
Sumaiya Nazeen, Xinyuan Wang, Dina Zielinski, Isabel Lam, Erinc Hallacli, Ping Xu, Elizabeth Ethier, Ronya Strom, Camila A Zanella, Vanitha Nithianandam, Dylan Ritter, Alexander Henderson, Nathalie Saurat, Jalwa Afroz, Andrew Nutter-Upham, Hadar Benyamini, Joseph Copty, Shyamsundar Ravishankar, Autumn Morrow, Jonathan Mitchel, Drew Neavin, Renuka Gupta, Nona Farbehi, Jennifer Grundman, Richard H Myers, Clemens R Scherzer, John Q Trojanowski, Vivianna M Van Deerlin, Antony A Cooper, Edward B Lee, Yaniv Erlich, Susan Lindquist, Jian Peng, Daniel H Geschwind, Joseph Powell, Lorenz Studer, Mel B Feany, Shamil R Sunyaev, Vikram Khurana
Whether neurodegenerative diseases linked to misfolding of the same protein share genetic risk drivers or whether different protein-aggregation pathologies in neurodegeneration are mechanistically related remains uncertain. Conventional genetic analyses are underpowered to address these questions. Through careful selection of patients based on protein aggregation phenotype (rather than clinical diagnosis) we can increase statistical power to detect associated variants in a targeted set of genes that modify proteotoxicities...
March 7, 2024: bioRxiv
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38496461/effects-of-electroconvulsive-shock-on-the-function-circuitry-and-transcriptome-of-dentate-gyrus-granule-neurons
#12
Adrienne N Santiago, Julia Castello-Saval, Phi Nguyen, Hannah M Chung, Victor M Luna, Rene Hen, Wei-Li Chang
Therapeutic use of electroconvulsive shock (ECS) is 75% effective for the remission of treatment-resistant depression. Like other more common forms of antidepressant treatment such as fluoxetine, ECS has been shown to increase neurogenesis in the hippocampal dentate gyrus of rodent models. Yet the question of how ECS-induced neurogenesis supports improvement of depressive symptoms remains unknown. Here, we show that ECS-induced neurogenesis is necessary to improve depressive-like behavior of mice exposed to chronic corticosterone (Cort)...
March 5, 2024: bioRxiv
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38496434/spiking-gabaergic-opc-tumor-cells-prolong-survival-in-idh1-mutant-glioma
#13
Rachel Naomi Curry, Qianqian Ma, Malcolm F McDonald, Yeunjung Ko, Snigdha Srivastava, Pey-Shyuan Chin, Peihao He, Brittney Lozzi, Isamu Aiba, Jochen Meyer, Junzhan Jing, Su Wang, Arif O Harmanci, Prazwal Athukuri, Jeffrey Noebels, Benjamin Arenkiel, Xiaolong Jiang, Benjamin Deneen, Ganesh Rao, Akdes Serin Harmanci
Prior studies have shown that glioma cells form synapses with neurons to receive synaptic inputs. To discern if glioma cells can send outgoing electrochemical signals in the form of action potentials (APs), we employed Patch-sequencing on surgically-resected human glioma slices. Results showed that half of patched cells in IDH1 mutant (IDH1 mut ) tumors demonstrate select properties of both neurons and glia and fire single, short APs. To define the transcriptional profiles of these hybrid cells (HCs) and discern if they are tumor derived, we developed a computational tool, Single Cell Rule Association Mining (SCRAM), to annotate features in each cell individually...
March 6, 2024: bioRxiv
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38496415/improved-synthesis-and-application-of-an-alkyne-functionalized-isoprenoid-analogue-to-study-the-prenylomes-of-motor-neurons-astrocytes-and-their-stem-cell-progenitors
#14
Kiall F Suazo, Vartika Mishra, Sanjay Maity, Shelby A Auger, Katarzyna Justyna, Alex Petre, Linda Ottoboni, Jessica Ongaro, Stefania P Corti, Francesco Lotti, Serge Przedborski, Mark D Distefano
Protein prenylation is one example of a broad class of post-translational modifications where proteins are covalently linked to various hydrophobic moieties. To globally identify and monitor levels of all prenylated proteins in a cell simultaneously, our laboratory and others have developed chemical proteomic approaches that rely on the metabolic incorporation of isoprenoid analogues bearing bio-orthogonal functionality followed by enrichment and subsequent quantitative proteomic analysis. Here, several improvements in the synthesis of the alkyne-containing isoprenoid analogue C15AlkOPP are reported to improve synthetic efficiency...
March 6, 2024: bioRxiv
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38495818/ecog-activity-distribution-patterns-detects-global-cortical-responses-following-weak-tactile-inputs
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Astrid Mellbin, Udaya Rongala, Henrik Jörntell, Fredrik Bengtsson
Many studies have suggested that the neocortex operates as a global network of functionally interconnected neurons, indicating that any sensory input could shift activity distributions across the whole brain. A tool assessing the activity distribution across cortical regions with high temporal resolution could then potentially detect subtle changes that may pass unnoticed in regionalized analyses. We used eight-channel, distributed electrocorticogram (ECoG) recordings to analyze changes in global activity distribution caused by single pulse electrical stimulations of the paw...
April 19, 2024: IScience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38495123/transcriptomic-analysis-of-rat-brain-response-to-alternating-current-electrical-stimulation-unveiling-insights-via-single-nucleus-rna-sequencing
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yan Wang, Yongchao Ma, Qiuling Zhong, Bing Song, Qian Liu
Electrical brain stimulation (EBS) has gained popularity for laboratory and clinical applications. However, comprehensive characterization of cellular diversity and gene expression changes induced by EBS remains limited, particularly with respect to specific brain regions and stimulation sites. Here, we presented the initial single-nucleus RNA sequencing profiles of rat cortex, hippocampus, and thalamus subjected to intracranial alternating current stimulation (iACS) at 40 Hz. The results demonstrated an increased number of neurons in all three regions in response to iACS...
April 2024: MedComm
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38495105/silencing-of-the-phlda1-leads-to-global-proteome-changes-and-differentiation-pathways-of-human-neuroblastoma-cells
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Beata Bugara, Małgorzata Durbas, Maja Kudrycka, Agata Malinowska, Irena Horwacik, Hanna Rokita
Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most common extracranial pediatric solid tumor originating from the abnormal development of cells of the sympathoadrenal lineage of the neural crest. Targeting GD2 ganglioside (GD2), a glycolipid expressed on neuroblastoma cells, with GD2 ganglioside-recognizing antibodies affects several pivotal signaling routes that drive or influence the malignant phenotype of the cells. Previously performed gene expression profiling helped us to identify the PHLDA1 (pleckstrin homology-like domain family A member 1) gene as the most upregulated gene in the IMR-32 human neuroblastoma cells treated with the mouse 14G2a monoclonal antibody...
2024: Frontiers in Pharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38495098/anti-neuroinflammatory-effect-of-hydroxytyrosol-a-potential-strategy-for-anti-depressant-development
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shuaiguang Li, Huarong Shao, Ting Sun, Xinyan Guo, Xiaoyuan Zhang, Qingkai Zeng, Shaoying Fang, Xiaoyu Liu, Fan Wang, Fei Liu, Peixue Ling
Introduction: Depression is a complex psychiatric disorder with substantial societal impact. While current antidepressants offer moderate efficacy, their adverse effects and limited understanding of depression's pathophysiology hinder the development of more effective treatments. Amidst this complexity, the role of neuroinflammation, a recognized but poorly understood associate of depression, has gained increasing attention. This study investigates hydroxytyrosol (HT), an olive-derived phenolic antioxidant, for its antidepressant and anti-neuroinflammatory properties based on mitochondrial protection...
2024: Frontiers in Pharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38494840/research-progress-on-the-roles-of-dopamine-and-dopamine-receptors-in-digestive-system-diseases
#19
REVIEW
Xianmin Lu, Qi Liu, Ya Deng, Jiangbo Wu, Xingyi Mu, Xiaoxu Yang, Ting Zhang, Chen Luo, Zhuo Li, Siqi Tang, Yanxia Hu, Qian Du, Jingyu Xu, Rui Xie
Dopamine (DA) is a neurotransmitter synthesized in the human body that acts on multiple organs throughout the body, reaching them through the blood circulation. Neurotransmitters are special molecules that act as messengers by binding to receptors at chemical synapses between neurons. As ligands, they mainly bind to corresponding receptors on central or peripheral tissue cells. Signalling through chemical synapses is involved in regulating the activities of various body systems. Lack of DA or a decrease in DA levels in the brain can lead to serious diseases such as Parkinson's disease, schizophrenia, addiction and attention deficit disorder...
April 2024: Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38494604/disrupting-direct-inputs-from-the-dorsal-subiculum-to-the-granular-retrosplenial-cortex-impairs-flexible-spatial-memory-in-the-rat
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Steliana Yanakieva, Bethany E Frost, Eman Amin, Andrew J D Nelson, John P Aggleton
In a changing environment, animals must process spatial signals in a flexible manner. The rat hippocampal formation projects directly upon the retrosplenial cortex, with most inputs arising from the dorsal subiculum and terminating in the granular retrosplenial cortex (area 29). The present study examined whether these same projections are required for spatial working memory and what happens when available spatial cues are altered. Consequently, injections of iDREADDs were made into the dorsal subiculum of rats...
March 17, 2024: European Journal of Neuroscience
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