keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38537223/a-systems-framework-for-investigating-the-roles-of-multiple-transporters-and-their-impact-on-drug-resistance
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Manfredi di San Germano, J Krishnan
Efflux transporters are a fundamental component of both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, play a crucial role in maintaining cellular homeostasis, and represent a key bridge between single cell and population levels. From a biomedical perspective, they play a crucial role in drug resistance (and especially multi-drug resistance, MDR) in a range of systems spanning bacteria and human cancer cells. Typically, multiple efflux transporters are present in these cells, and the efflux transporters transport a range of substrates (with partially overlapping substrates between transporters)...
January 23, 2024: Integrative Biology: Quantitative Biosciences From Nano to Macro
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38537155/giredestrant-for-estrogen-receptor-positive-her2-negative-previously-treated-advanced-breast-cancer-results-from-the-randomized-phase-ii-acelera-breast-cancer-study
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Miguel Martín, Elgene Lim, Mariana Chavez-MacGregor, Aditya Bardia, Jiong Wu, Qingyuan Zhang, Zbigniew Nowecki, Felipe Melo Cruz, Rustem Safin, Sung-Bae Kim, Christian Schem, Alberto J Montero, Sarah Khan, Reeti Bandyopadhyay, Heather M Moore, Mahesh Shivhare, Monika Patre, Jorge Martinalbo, Laura Roncoroni, Pablo Diego Pérez-Moreno, Joohyuk Sohn
PURPOSE: To compare giredestrant and physician's choice of endocrine monotherapy (PCET) for estrogen receptor-positive, HER2-negative, advanced breast cancer (BC) in the phase II acelERA BC study (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04576455). METHODS: Post-/pre-/perimenopausal women, or men, age 18 years or older with measurable disease/evaluable bone lesions, whose disease progressed after 1-2 lines of systemic therapy (≤1 targeted, ≤1 chemotherapy regimen, prior fulvestrant allowed) were randomly assigned 1:1 to giredestrant (30 mg oral once daily) or fulvestrant/aromatase inhibitor per local guidelines (+luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonist in pre-/perimenopausal women, and men) until disease progression/unacceptable toxicity...
March 27, 2024: Journal of Clinical Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38537152/ligand-field-sensitive-spin-acceleration-in-the-iron-catalyzed-2-2-cycloaddition-of-unactivated-alkenes-and-dienes
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hanna H Cramer, Coralie Duchemin, Carli B Kovel, Junho Kim, Matthew V Pecoraro, Paul J Chirik
Redox-active pyridine(diimine) (PDI) iron catalysts promote the reversible [2 + 2] cycloaddition of alkenes and dienes to cyclobutane derivatives that have applications ranging from fuels to chemically recyclable polymers. Metallacycles were identified as key intermediates, and spin crossover from the singlet to the triplet surface was calculated to facilitate the reductive coupling step responsible for the formation of the four-membered ring. In this work, a series of sterically and electronically differentiated PDI ligands was studied for the [2 + 2] cycloaddition of ethylene and butadiene to vinylcyclobutane...
March 27, 2024: Journal of the American Chemical Society
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38537128/the-impact-of-a-training-intervention-on-knowledge-confidence-and-attitudes-of-professionals-in-a-community-acquired-brain-injury-service-about-assistive-technology-for-cognition-a-before-and-after-survey
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Helen MacDonald, Gemma Bradley, Katie Cummings, Gemma Eskandari, Charlotte Price, Lara Weller
Assistive Technology for Cognition (ATC) can help people to compensate for cognitive impairments following Acquired Brain Injury (ABI). Examples include mainstream devices such as smartphones, watches and environmental controls, and bespoke devices such as medication devices or specific educational software. Evidence suggests that professional support is key to people successfully adopting ATC, yet low confidence amongst clinicians and perceptions about barriers are often cited as reasons for not recommending ATC in practice...
March 27, 2024: Assistive Technology: the Official Journal of RESNA
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38537081/performance-of-outbreak-management-plans-for-emerging-plant-diseases-the-case-of-almond-leaf-scorch-caused-by-xylella-fastidiosa-in-mainland-spain
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Martina Cendoya, Elena Lázaro, Ana Navarro-Quiles, Antonio López-Quílez, David Conesa, Antonio Vicent
Outbreak response to quarantine pathogens and pests in the European Union (EU) is regulated by the EU Plant Health Law, but the performance of outbreak management plans in terms of their effectiveness and efficiency has been quantified only to a limited extent. As a case study, the disease dynamics of almond leaf scorch, caused by Xylella fastidiosa ( Xf ), in the affected area of Alicante, Spain, were approximated using an individual-based spatial epidemiological model. The emergence of this outbreak was dated based on phylogenetic studies, and official surveys were used to delimit the current extent of the disease...
March 27, 2024: Phytopathology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536929/discovery-and-characterization-of-noncanonical-e2-conjugating-enzymes
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Syed Arif Abdul Rehman, Chiara Cazzaniga, Elena Di Nisio, Odetta Antico, Axel Knebel, Clare Johnson, Alp T Şahin, Peter E G F Ibrahim, Frederic Lamoliatte, Rodolfo Negri, M K Miratul Muqit, Virginia De Cesare
E2-conjugating enzymes (E2s) play a central role in the enzymatic cascade that leads to the attachment of ubiquitin to a substrate. This process, termed ubiquitylation, is required to maintain cellular homeostasis and affects almost all cellular process. By interacting with multiple E3 ligases, E2s dictate the ubiquitylation landscape within the cell. Since its discovery, ubiquitylation has been regarded as a posttranslational modification that specifically targets lysine side chains (canonical ubiquitylation)...
March 29, 2024: Science Advances
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536920/learning-the-sound-inventory-of-a-complex-vocal-skill-via-an-intrinsic-reward
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hazem Toutounji, Anja T Zai, Ofer Tchernichovski, Richard H R Hahnloser, Dina Lipkind
Reinforcement learning (RL) is thought to underlie the acquisition of vocal skills like birdsong and speech, where sounding like one's "tutor" is rewarding. However, what RL strategy generates the rich sound inventories for song or speech? We find that the standard actor-critic model of birdsong learning fails to explain juvenile zebra finches' efficient learning of multiple syllables. However, when we replace a single actor with multiple independent actors that jointly maximize a common intrinsic reward, then birds' empirical learning trajectories are accurately reproduced...
March 29, 2024: Science Advances
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536888/barriers-and-benefits-of-online-group-exercise-programs-for-older-adults
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Md Shafiqul Islam, Mary C Frazier, Samantha M Harden, Sol Lim
Engaging in regular physical activity offers a myriad of benefits, including the improvement of mental health, social well-being, and cognitive function. Unfortunately, obstacles, such as transportation constraints, time limitations, and inadequate exercise facilities, hinder the regular participation of older adults in physical activity. Online group physical activity programs present a promising solution to enhance the involvement of older adults; however, several barriers impede their effective utilization...
March 27, 2024: Journal of Applied Gerontology: the Official Journal of the Southern Gerontological Society
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536877/comparative-study-on-differential-expression-analysis-methods-for-single-cell-rna-sequencing-data-with-small-biological-replicates-based-on-single-cell-transcriptional-data-of-pbmcs-from-covid-19-severe-patients
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jie Xue, Xinfan Zhou, Jing Yang, Adan Niu
Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) is a high-throughput experimental technique for studying gene expression at the single-cell level. As a key component of single-cell data analysis, differential expression analysis (DEA) serves as the foundation for all subsequent secondary studies. Despite the fact that biological replicates are of vital importance in DEA process, small biological replication is still common in sequencing experiment now, which may impose problems to current DEA methods. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct a thorough comparison of various DEA approaches under small biological replications...
2024: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536873/quality-and-sustainability-of-ethiopia-s-national-surgical-indicators
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kayleigh R Cook, Zebenay B Zeleke, Ephrem Gebrehana, Daniel Burssa, Bantalem Yeshanew, Atkilt Michael, Yoseph Tediso, Taylor Jaraczewski, Chris Dodgion, Andualem Beyene, Katherine R Iverson
In 2015, the Ethiopian Federal Ministry of Health (FMOH) developed the Saving Lives through Safe Surgery (SaLTS) initiative to improve national surgical care. Previous work led to development and implementation of 15 surgical key performance indicators (KPIs) to standardize surgical data practices. The objective of this project is to investigate current practices of KPI data collection and assess quality to improve data management and strengthen surgical systems. The first portion of the study documented the surgical data collection process including methods, instruments, and effectiveness at 10 hospitals across 2 regions in Ethiopia...
2024: PLOS Glob Public Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536868/the-social-determinants-of-migrant-domestic-worker-mdw-health-and-well-being-in-the-western-pacific-region-a-scoping-review
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jamie Chan, Georgia Dominguez, Antonia Hua, Melissa Garabiles, Carl A Latkin, Brian J Hall
The health and well-being of transnational migrant domestic workers (MDWs) is a pressing but largely neglected public health concern. The Asia Pacific region is home to over 20% of the global MDW population. Living and working conditions, social contexts, political environments, and migration regimes are recognized as consequential to the health of this population, but currently no synthesis of available literature to prioritize research or policy agenda setting for MDW has yet been conducted. This scoping review screened 6,006 peer-reviewed articles and 1,217 gray literature sources, identifying 173 articles and 276 gray literature sources that reported key MDW health outcomes, social determinants of health, and related interventions...
2024: PLOS Glob Public Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536856/factors-associated-with-the-uptake-of-intermittent-preventive-treatment-for-malaria-during-pregnancy-in-cameroon-an-analysis-of-data-from-the-2018-cameroon-demographic-and-health-survey
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dominique Ken Guimsop, Ange Faustine Kenmogne Talla, Haoua Kodji, Jerome Ateudjieu
Malaria in pregnancy is a major public health concern that contributes to a significant increase in maternal and child mortality and morbidity. Intermittent preventive treatment of malaria during pregnancy using sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (IPTp-SP) is a key intervention recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) and implemented in Cameroon to reduce the morbidity associated with malaria during pregnancy. This study aimed to assess the distribution of the poor uptake of IPTp-SP (i.e. fewer than three doses) in Cameroon and the factors associated...
2024: PLOS Glob Public Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536852/barriers-and-facilitators-to-parents-engagement-with-and-perceived-impact-of-a-childhood-obesity-app-a-mixed-methods-study
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Madison Milne-Ives, Em Rahman, Hannah Bradwell, Rebecca Baines, Timothy Boey, Alison Potter, Wendy Lawrence, Michelle Helena van Velthoven, Edward Meinert
Childhood obesity is a growing global health concern. Although mobile health apps have the potential to deliver behavioural interventions, their impact is commonly limited by a lack of sufficient engagement. The purpose of this study was to explore barriers and facilitators to engagement with a family-focused app and its perceived impact on motivation, self-efficacy, and behaviour. Parents with at least one child under 18 and healthcare professionals working with children were recruited; all participants were allocated to use the NoObesity app over a 6-month period...
March 2024: PLOS Digit Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536846/social-contact-as-a-strategy-to-reduce-stigma-in-low-and-middle-income-countries-a-systematic-review-and-expert-perspectives
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Carlijn Damsté, Petra C Gronholm, Tjitske de Groot, Dristy Gurung, Akerke Makhmud, Ruth M H Peters, Kim Hartog
Social contact (SC) has been identified as a promising strategy for stigma reduction. Different types of SC exist. Various scholars defined positive factors to strengthen SC. This study aims to investigate the application and effectiveness of SC as a strategy to reduce stigmatisation across stigmas, settings and populations in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). We specifically examine the use of positive factors. A systematic review was conducted in twelve electronic databases using key terms related to stigma AND social contact AND intervention AND LMICs...
2024: PLOS Glob Public Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536831/can-cyclone-exposure-explain-behavioural-and-demographic-variation-among-lemur-species
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alison M Behie, Travis S Steffens, Keaghan Yaxley, Alan Vincent, Patricia C Wright, Steig E Johnson, Mary S M Pavelka
Madagascar has a harsh and stochastic climate because of regular natural disturbances. This history of regular cyclones has been hypothesised to have directed evolutionary changes to lemur behaviour and morphology that make them more resilient to sudden environmental change. These adaptations may include: small group sizes, high degrees of energy-conserving behaviours, generalist habitat use, small home ranges, small body size, and a limited number of frugivorous species. To date, however, no one has tested how variation in cyclone exposure across Madagascar is associated with variation in these resilience traits...
2024: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536789/difficulties-and-challenges-experienced-by-nurses-in-eldercare-institutions-in-albania-a-qualitative-content-analysis
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nertila Podgorica, Emiljano Pjetri, Andreas W Müller M A, Susanne Perkhofer
INTRODUCTION: The global and Albanian populations of elderly people are steadily increasing. It is estimated that the number of elderly adults requiring care in Albania will rise from 90.9 thousand to 130.4 thousand by 2030. Despite the envisaged increase in the number and life expectancy of the elderly population in Albania, which will result in an increased demand for nursing care, little is known about the difficulties and challenges that nurses face while providing care for elderly Albanian individuals...
2024: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536788/a-dual-computational-and-experimental-strategy-to-enhance-tslp-antibody-affinity-for-improved-asthma-treatment
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yitong Lv, He Gong, Xuechao Liu, Jia Hao, Lei Xu, Zhiwei Sun, Changyuan Yu, Lida Xu
Thymic stromal lymphopoietin is a key cytokine involved in the pathogenesis of asthma and other allergic diseases. Targeting TSLP and its signaling pathways is increasingly recognized as an effective strategy for asthma treatment. This study focused on enhancing the affinity of the T6 antibody, which specifically targets TSLP, by integrating computational and experimental methods. The initial affinity of the T6 antibody for TSLP was lower than the benchmark antibody AMG157. To improve this, we utilized alanine scanning, molecular docking, and computational tools including mCSM-PPI2 and GEO-PPI to identify critical amino acid residues for site-directed mutagenesis...
March 2024: PLoS Computational Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536780/thc-and-sperm-impact-on-fertilization-capability-pre-implantation-in-vitro-development-and-epigenetic-modifications
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alexander G Kuzma-Hunt, Reem Sabry, Ola S Davis, Vivien B Truong, Jibran Y Khokhar, Laura A Favetta
Global cannabis use has risen 23% since 2010, with 209 million reported users, most of whom are males of reproductive age. Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the main psychoactive phytocannabinoid in cannabis, disrupts pro-homeostatic functions of the endocannabinoid system (ECS) within the male reproductive system. The ECS is highly involved in regulating morpho-functional and intrinsic sperm features that are required for fertilization and pre-implantation embryo development. Previous work by our group demonstrated that THC altered sperm capacitation and the transcriptome, including several fertility-associated microRNAs (miRs)...
2024: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536752/causal-functional-maps-of-brain-rhythms-in-working-memory
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Miles Wischnewski, Taylor A Berger, Alexander Opitz, Ivan Alekseichuk
Human working memory is a key cognitive process that engages multiple functional anatomical nodes across the brain. Despite a plethora of correlative neuroimaging evidence regarding the working memory architecture, our understanding of critical hubs causally controlling overall performance is incomplete. Causal interpretation requires cognitive testing following safe, temporal, and controllable neuromodulation of specific functional anatomical nodes. Such experiments became available in healthy humans with the advance of transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS)...
April 2, 2024: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536750/rchy1-and-optn-are-required-for-melanophagy-selective-autophagy-of-melanosomes
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ki Won Lee, Ki-Jun Ryu, Minju Kim, Seyeon Lim, Jisu Kim, Jeong Yoon Kim, Cheol Hwangbo, Jiyun Yoo, Yong-Yeon Cho, Kwang Dong Kim
Melanosomes are specific organelles dedicated to melanin synthesis and accumulation in melanocytes. Autophagy is suggestively involved in melanosome degradation, although the potential underlying molecular mechanisms remain elusive. In selective autophagy, autophagy receptors and E3-ligases are the key factors conferring cargo selectivity. In B16F10 cells, β-mangostin efficiently induced melanosome degradation without affecting other organelles such as mitochondria, peroxisomes, and the endoplasmic reticulum...
April 2, 2024: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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