keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38477465/impact-of-human-immunodeficiency-virus-infection-on-liver-and-cardiovascular-outcomes-in-veterans-with-metabolic-dysfunction-associated-steatotic-liver-disease
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Robert J Wong, Zeyuan Yang, Aaron Yeoh, Albert Do, Aijaz Ahmed, Ramsey Cheung
OBJECTIVE: Hepatic steatosis in highly prevalent in people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). It remains unclear whether HIV in patients with metabolic dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is associated with greater risks of liver disease progression and cardiovascular disease (CVD). We aim to evaluate the impact of HIV infection on risks of liver and CVD outcomes among U.S. Veterans with MASLD. METHODS: Using national Veterans Administration data from 2010-2022, we created a propensity score matched cohort of MASLD patients with vs...
March 13, 2024: American Journal of Gastroenterology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38477301/association-between-alcohol-consumption-and-blood-pressure-levels-among-hiv-sero-positive-and-sero-negative-cohorts-a-secondary-analysis-of-the-vukuzazzi-study
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Manasseh B Wireko, Jacobus Hendricks, Kweku Bedu-Addo, Marlise Van Staden, Emmanuel A Ntim, John A Larbi, Isaac K Owusu
BACKGROUND: The effect of hypertension is aggravated by lifestyle factors such as alcohol consumption. This study sought to determine the association between alcohol consumption and the level of blood pressures among HIV seronegative and seropositive cohorts. METHODS: This secondary analysis was performed on a cross-sectional survey data of 17 922 participants during the period between 2018 and 2020. A questionnaire was used to obtain participants' alcohol consumption history, which was categorized into non-alcohol consumers, non-heavy alcohol consumers, and heavy alcohol consumers...
2024: Journal of Primary Care & Community Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38473091/immunophysiological-state-of-dogs-according-to-the-immunoregulatory-index-of-their-blood-and-spleens
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Oksana Dunaievska, Ihor Sokulskyi, Mykola Radzykhovskii, Bogdan Gutyj, Olga Dyshkant, Zoriana Khomenko, Viktor Brygadyrenko
In this study, the immunological characteristics of a dog's body were established, allowing for a quick reaction to any changes in the immune status and the development of an immunodeficiency state. The immunoregulatory blood index was determined to indicate the ratio of T-helpers and T-suppressors. The immunoregulatory index of the spleen was determined as the ratio of CD4+ cells to CD8+ cells in the field of view of a microscope (eyepiece 10, objective 40) after obtaining histological preparations according to generally accepted methods...
February 23, 2024: Animals: An Open Access Journal From MDPI
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38468825/cd99-tumor-associated-antigen-is-a-potential-target-for-antibody-therapy-of-t-cell-acute-lymphoblastic-leukemia
#24
REVIEW
Kamonporn Kotemul, Watchara Kasinrerk, Nuchjira Takheaw
Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are an effective drug for targeted immunotherapy in several cancer types. However, so far, no antibody has been successfully developed for certain types of cancer, including T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL). T-ALL is an aggressive hematologic malignancy. T-ALL patients who are treated with chemotherapeutic drugs frequently relapse and become drug resistant. Therefore, antibody-based therapy is promising for T-ALL treatment. To successfully develop an antibody-based therapy for T-ALL, antibodies that induce death in malignant T cells but not in nonmalignant T cells are required to avoid the induction of secondary T-cell immunodeficiency...
2024: Exploration of targeted anti-tumor therapy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38466205/a-secondary-gendered-analysis-of-interviews-with-latina-cisgender-women-indicated-for-hiv-pre-exposure-prophylaxis
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sahnah Lim, Andrea Mantsios, Ronald S Braithwaite, Robert Pitts
HIV infections disproportionately impact Latinx populations in the United States, yet oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) uptake is low. This study was a secondary gendered analysis of interviews with Latina cisgender women ( n = 20) recruited from an urban safety net hospital inNew York City between August 2019 and October 2022. All women were indicated for PrEP by the provider. In-depth interviews were conducted with participants in English and Spanish and asked about social determinants of health, sexual partnerships and behaviors, and PrEP-specific enablers and barriers...
March 11, 2024: AIDS Care
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38456826/giant-inflamed-fibroepithelial-scrotal-polyp-mimicking-an-anogenital-wart
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Izuchukwu Ezeh, Andrew Tomkins
We report the case of a young man who has never had any sexual contact presenting with a large scrotal lump with secondary bacterial infection. He reported no prior warts - genital or cutaneous. On examination, he had a large pink cauliform mass on the scrotum with four smaller but similar satellite lesions. Appearances were thought to be consistent with giant condyloma of Buschke and Lowenstein. Once superinfection was treated with oral antibiotics, he had a trial of imiquimod without success and was then referred to urology...
March 8, 2024: International Journal of STD & AIDS
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38455744/recurrent-serratia-marcescens-osteomyelitis-eight-years-after-a-contaminated-open-fracture-a-case-report-and-review-of-the-literature
#27
Jonathan A Mayhew, John C Christenson, Muayad Alali
BACKGROUND: Serratia marcescens ( S. marcescens ) is an unusual cause of osteomyelitis. Infection may develop following open trauma, intravenous drug abuse, or in the presence of hardware, but osteoarticular infections outside of this context are atypical in the absence of immunodeficiency. Rarely, a chronic indolent infection may develop after open trauma with disease recurrence years after the initial injury. CASE DESCRIPTION: We present the case of a 16-year-old male with extensive left lower extremity osteomyelitis secondary to S...
February 29, 2024: Translational Pediatrics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38450822/effect-of-hiv-aids-on-labour-productivity-and-the-moderating-role-of-literacy-rate-a-panel-study-of-africa-and-its-sub-regions
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Joel C Ogbodo, Jonathan E Ogbuabor, Chimaroke Omenazu, Anthony Eyimoga, Adeleye Olaide David
This study examined the effect of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) on labour productivity in Africa and its sub-regions while controlling for the moderating effect of literacy rate. The study used the system Generalised Method of Moment estimation technique and annual panel data from 2010 to 2020 for 53 African economies. Labour productivity and literacy rate were measured by the ratio of gross domestic product to total employment and gross secondary school enrolment respectively...
March 7, 2024: International Journal of Health Planning and Management
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38448832/lessons-learned-from-implementation-of-four-hiv-self-testing-hivst-distribution-models-in-zambia-applying-the-consolidated-framework-for-implementation-research-to-understand-impact-of-contextual-factors-on-implementation
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Musonda Simwinga, Lwiindi Gwanu, Bernadette Hensen, Lucheka Sigande, Mwami Mainga, Thokozile Phiri, Eliphas Mwanza, Mutale Kabumbu, Chama Mulubwa, Lawrence Mwenge, Chiti Bwalya, Moses Kumwenda, Ellen Mubanga, Paul Mee, Cheryl C Johnson, Elizabeth L Corbett, Karin Hatzold, Melissa Neuman, Helen Ayles, Miriam Taegtmeyer
BACKGROUND: Although Zambia has integrated HIV-self-testing (HIVST) into its Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) regulatory frameworks, few best practices to optimize the use of HIV self-testing to increase testing coverage have been documented. We conducted a prospective case study to understand contextual factors guiding implementation of four HIVST distribution models to inform scale-up in Zambia. METHODS: We used the qualitative case study method to explore user and provider experiences with four HIVST distribution models (two secondary distribution models in Antenatal Care (ANC) and Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) clinics, community-led, and workplace) to understand factors influencing HIVST distribution...
March 6, 2024: BMC Infectious Diseases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38444698/diffuse-kaposi-sarcoma-with-oral-involvement-in-a-person-diagnosed-with-human-immunodeficiency-virus-acquired-immune-deficiency-syndrome-a-case-report
#30
Latifa Berrezouga, Nada Alouani, Ikbel Kooli, Ahlem Bellalah, Mohamed Chakroun
Kaposi's sarcoma is a well-known multifocal vascular tumor initially described by pathologist Moritz Kaposi. This report presents the case of a 38-year-old bisexual male who consulted the infectious diseases department with non-itchy maculopapular and purpuric lesions on the skin with the involvement of the oral mucosa, suggesting a diagnosis of Kaposi's sarcoma. Biological and radiological investigations were performed. The patient was found to be human immunodeficiency virus positive with a viral load of 251...
2024: SAGE Open Medical Case Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38443525/increased-mortality-in-infants-with-abnormal-t-cell-receptor-excision-circles
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jenny Huang, Ashwin Shankar, Isabel Hurden, Ronald Thomas, Joseph Hill, Divya Seth, Elizabeth Secord, Pavadee Poowuttikul
BACKGROUND: T-Cell Receptor Excision Circles based newborn screening (TREC-NBS) allows for early detection of T-cell lymphopenia in infants with primary immunodeficiency disorders (PIDD). The utility of abnormal TREC-NBS in infants without PIDD is not well studied. We sought to evaluate the association of abnormal TREC-NBS with mortality. METHODS: 365,207 TREC-NBS from October 2011 to December 2014 were reviewed. 467 newborns had abnormal screens and did not meet the criteria for a PIDD diagnosis...
March 5, 2024: Pediatric Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38439055/nelfinavir-inhibition-of-kaposi-s-sarcoma-associated-herpesvirus-protein-expression-and-capsid-assembly
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Maggie Li, Barbara J Smith, Jaeyeun Lee, Jennifer Petr, Nicole M Anders, Robyn Wiseman, Michelle A Rudek, Richard F Ambinder, Prashant J Desai
BACKGROUND: Antiviral therapies that target herpesviruses are clinically important. Nelfinavir is a protease inhibitor that targets the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) aspartyl protease. Previous studies demonstrated that this drug could also inhibit Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) production. Our laboratory demonstrated nelfinavir can effectively inhibit herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) replication. For HSV-1 we were able to determine that virus capsids were assembled and exited the nucleus but did not mature in the cytoplasm indicating the drug inhibited secondary envelopment of virions...
March 4, 2024: Infectious Agents and Cancer
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38435900/delayed-irreversible-fanconi-syndrome-associated-with-vertebral-fracture-after-tenofovir-discontinuation
#33
Ghofran N Qorban, Jameelah Alyami, Shaza Samargandy, Tariq A Madani
The use of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) as an antiretroviral agent has been reported to adversely affect both renal tubules and bone health, leading to pathological fractures. While such an effect is largely reversible, substituting TDF with tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) might result in lower rates of adverse events with the preservation of tenofovir effectiveness. We report a case of a 40-year-old lady with HIV infection who had a vertebral fragility fracture secondary to TDF-associated Fanconi syndrome...
January 2024: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38435199/overlap-syndrome-of-immune-reconstitution-inflammatory-syndrome-secondary-to-disseminated-mycobacterial-infection-and-hemophagocytic-lymphohistiocytosis-in-a-patient-with-newly-diagnosed-hiv-aids
#34
Nishant Patel, Cody Chastain
Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) following initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) has variable incidence but is not uncommon and has the potential to cause long-term consequences and fatal outcomes in patients with HIV. Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a separate syndrome of excess immune activation, but may coexist with IRIS and necessitate a unique treatment approach. In this report, the case of a patient with newly diagnosed HIV/AIDS who was found to have both mycobacterial IRIS and HLH is presented...
February 2024: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38425987/a-prospective-phase-ii-single-arm-study-and-predictive-factor-analysis-of-irinotecan-as-third-line-treatment-in-patients-with-metastatic-gastric-cancer
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nuoya Yu, Sha Huang, Zhe Zhang, Mingzhu Huang, Yusheng Wang, Wen Zhang, Xiaowei Zhang, Xiaodong Zhu, Xuedan Sheng, Kaiyue Yu, Zhiyu Chen, Weijian Guo
BACKGROUND: Currently, there is no recommended standard third-line chemotherapy for metastatic gastric cancer. OBJECTIVES: In this study, we aimed to evaluate irinotecan's efficacy and safety in treating metastatic gastric cancer after the failure of first- and second-line chemotherapy. DESIGN: Prospective single-arm, two-center, phase II trial. METHODS: Patients were aged 18-70 years, with histologically confirmed gastric adenocarcinoma and an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0-1, progressed during or within 3 months following the last administration of second-line chemotherapy and had no other severe hematologic, cardiac, pulmonary, hepatic, or renal functional abnormalities or immunodeficiency diseases...
2024: Therapeutic Advances in Medical Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38423196/a-large-deletion-in-a-non-coding-regulatory-region-leads-to-nfkb1-haploinsufficiency-in-two-adult-siblings
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mathieu Fusaro, Cyrille Coustal, Laura Barnabei, Quentin Riller, Marion Heller, Duong Ho Nhat, Cécile Fourrage, Sophie Rivière, Frédéric Rieux-Laucat, Alexandre Thibault Jacques Maria, Capucine Picard
Mutations in NFkB pathway genes can cause inborn errors of immunity (IEI), with NFKB1 haploinsufficiency being a significant etiology for common variable immunodeficiency (CVID). Indeed, mutations in NFKB1 are found in 4 to 5% of in European and United States CVID cohorts, respectively; CVID representing almost ¼ of IEI patients in European countries registries. This case study presents a 49-year-old patient with respiratory infections, chronic diarrhea, immune thrombocytopenia, hypogammaglobulinemia, and secondary lymphoma...
April 2024: Clinical Immunology: the Official Journal of the Clinical Immunology Society
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38417080/associations-of-intimate-partner-violence-and-drug-use-on-viral-suppression-among-women-living-with-hiv-in-south-florida-a-secondary-analysis
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Caroline Deaterly, Veronica Richards, Michael Weaver, Karina Villalba, Deepthi Varma, Isaac Payton, Robert Cook
Suboptimal viral suppression is associated with worse outcomes and increased HIV transmission among women with HIV (WWH). Based on syndemic theory, we hypothesized that women exposed to recent intimate partner violence (IPV) and current drug use would be most likely to have suboptimal HIV viral suppression. We analyzed baseline data from a longitudinal clinical trial (WHAT-IF? Will Having Alcohol Treatment Improve My Functioning?) that enrolled WWH from Miami, FL, who reported heavy drinking. Bivariate logistic regression was done, mean age was 48 years (n = 194; SD: 8...
February 28, 2024: Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care: JANAC
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38414384/lest-we-forget-dr-paul-farmer-1959-2022-a-global-health-leader-at-harvard
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Subham Roy, Sakshi Roy
In the chronicles of medical advancement, Dr Paul Farmer stands out as a transformative figure whose unwavering commitment to healthcare equity has reshaped treatments for the disenfranchised. An American anthropologist and physician, Farmer has had a profound impact on global health which encapsulates a legacy driven by the steadfast belief that healthcare is an inalienable human right. This article explores Farmer's monumental contributions, showcasing how his dedication has revolutionized the landscape of healthcare, particularly for those marginalized and underserved...
February 28, 2024: Journal of Medical Biography
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38414379/epidemiology-and-outcomes-of-critical-illness-and-novel-predictors-of-mortality-in-an-ethiopian-medical-intensive-care-unit
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Aschalew Worku, Deborah Haisch, Madhavi Parekh, Amir Sultan, Abebe Shumet, Kibrom G/Selassie, Max O'Donnell, Amsalu Binegdie, Charles B Sherman, Neil W Schluger
Low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) bear most of the global burden of critical illness. Managing this burden requires improved understanding of epidemiology and outcomes in LMIC intensive care units (ICUs), including LMIC-specific mortality prediction scores. This study was a retrospective observational study at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, examining all consecutive medical ICU admissions from June 2014 to April 2015. The primary outcome was ICU mortality; secondary outcomes were prolonged ICU stay and prolonged mechanical ventilation...
February 28, 2024: Journal of Intensive Care Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38408932/comprehensive-knowledge-about-hiv-aids-and-associated-factors-among-reproductive-age-women-in-liberia
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Beminate Lemma Seifu, Gilbert Eshun, Getayeneh Antehunegn Tesema, Frank Kyei-Arthur
INTRODUCTION: Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) continues to be a deadly pandemic and a serious threat to public health. Globally, reproductive age women are more likely to be infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). Comprehensive knowledge about HIV/AIDS is pivotal in the fight against AIDS. However, comprehensive HIV/AIDS knowledge is low in Sub-Saharan African (SSA) nations including Liberia, which contributes to the high incidence of HIV in these nations. This study assessed the level of comprehensive knowledge about HIV/AIDS and its associated factors among reproductive age women in Liberia...
February 26, 2024: BMC Public Health
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