keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38522912/-a-case-of-holmes-tremor-in-which-123-i-imp-spect-and-mri-findings-suggest-damage-to-the-cerebellothalamic-tract-and-the-dentato-rubro-olivary-pathway
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tomoki Ishimaru, Sumire Nunomura, Masahiro Wakita, Shigehisa Ura
A 75-year-old woman was referred to our department in October 2022 with ataxia and involuntary movements of the right upper and lower limbs. She had experienced a left pontine hemorrhage in March 2021, which was managed conservatively. However, she had residual right-sided hemiplegia. In addition, she had cerebellar ataxia and a 2 ‍Hz resting tremor of the right upper and lower limbs, which was enhanced while maintaining posture and contemplation. Based on her history, and the findings of MRI and nuclear medicine imaging, we diagnosed the patient with Holmes tremor due to pontine hemorrhage...
March 23, 2024: Rinshō Shinkeigaku, Clinical Neurology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38522911/the-clinical-practice-guideline-for-the-management-of-amyotrophic-lateral-sclerosis-in-japan-update-2023
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Makoto Urushitani, Hitoshi Warita, Naoki Atsuta, Yuishin Izumi, Osamu Kano, Toshio Shimizu, Yuki Nakayama, Yugo Narita, Hiroyuki Nodera, Takuji Fujita, Koichi Mizoguchi, Mitsuya Morita, Masashi Aoki
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is an adult-onset intractable motor neuron disease characterized by selective degeneration of cortical neurons in the frontotemporal lobe and motor neurons in the brainstem and spinal cord. Impairment of these neural networks causes progressive muscle atrophy and weakness that spreads throughout the body, resulting in life-threatening bulbar palsy and respiratory muscle paralysis. However, no therapeutic strategy has yet been established to halt ALS progression. Although evidence for clinical practice in ALS remains insufficient, novel research findings have steadily accumulated in recent years...
March 23, 2024: Rinshō Shinkeigaku, Clinical Neurology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38522758/correlation-between-lesion-location-and-dysphagia-characteristics-in-post-stroke-patients
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Qing-Lu Yang, Yang Chen, Xue-Jie Wang, Hui-Ying Qiu, Meng-Ting Chen, Xu-Hui Zhou, Chu-Yao Jian, Shao-Feng Zhao
OBJECTIVE: To assess the correlation between lesion location and swallowing function characteristics in post-stroke dysphagia (PSD) patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We enrolled 133 PSD. The patients were divided into supratentorial and infratentorial stroke groups. We compared the measurements in the videofluoroscopic swallowing study (VFSS) with 3ml and 5 ml of diluted and thickened barium liquid data between supratentorial and brainstem stroke groups. We further compared the difference of VFSS measurements between patients with left hemispheric or right hemispheric lesions (further divided into unilateral hemispheric cortical and subcortical subgroups) and brianstem leison stroke group...
March 22, 2024: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases: the Official Journal of National Stroke Association
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38521612/deep-learning-accelerated-brain-diffusion-weighted-mri-with-super-resolution-processing
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sebastian Altmann, Nils F Grauhan, Mario Alberto Abello Mercado, Sebastian Steinmetz, Andrea Kronfeld, Roman Paul, Thomas Benkert, Timo Uphaus, Sergiu Groppa, Yaroslav Winter, Marc A Brockmann, Ahmed E Othman
OBJECTIVES: To investigate the clinical feasibility and image quality of accelerated brain diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) with deep learning image reconstruction and super resolution. METHODS: 85 consecutive patients with clinically indicated MRI at a 3 T scanner were prospectively included. Conventional diffusion-weighted data (c-DWI) with four averages were obtained. Reconstructions of one and two averages, as well as deep learning diffusion-weighted imaging (DL-DWI), were accomplished...
March 22, 2024: Academic Radiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38520537/stereotactic-frame-based-biopsy-of-infratentorial-lesions-via-the-suboccipital-transcerebellar-approach-with-the-zamorano-duchovny-stereotactic-system-a-retrospective-analysis-of-79-consecutive-cases
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Manuel Kaes, Christopher Beynon, Karl Kiening, Jan-Oliver Neumann, Martin Jakobs
OBJECTIVE: Lesions of the posterior fossa (brainstem and cerebellum) are challenging in diagnosis and treatment due to the fact that they are often located eloquently and total resection is rarely possible. Therefore, frame-based stereotactic biopsies are commonly used to asservate tissue for neuropathological diagnosis and further treatment determination. The aim of our study was to assess the safety and diagnostic success rate of frame-based stereotactic biopsies for lesions in the posterior fossa via the suboccipital-transcerebellar approach...
March 23, 2024: Acta Neurochirurgica
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38519448/transcerebellar-ventriculoperitoneal-shunt-for-management-of-presumed-arachnoid-diverticulum-in-the-fourth-ventricle-of-a-dog
#26
Sophie Wyatt, Joe Fenn, Elsa Beltran
OBJECTIVE: To describe the approach for placement of a transcerebellar fourth ventriculoperitoneal shunt for management of presumed fourth ventricle arachnoid diverticulum and secondary obstructive hydrocephalus of a dog. To describe the outcome of this procedure. STUDY DESIGN: Case report. ANIMALS: Male entire English springer spaniel, 3 years 9 months of age. METHODS: The dog was initially presented for management of acute, progressive, and multifocal brainstem and forebrain dysfunction...
March 22, 2024: Veterinary Surgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38518777/a-brainstem-to-hypothalamic-arcuate-nucleus-gabaergic-circuit-drives-feeding
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Pablo B Martinez de Morentin, J Antonio Gonzalez, Georgina K C Dowsett, Yuliia Martynova, Giles S H Yeo, Sergiy Sylantyev, Lora K Heisler
The obesity epidemic is principally driven by the consumption of more calories than the body requires. It is therefore essential that the mechanisms underpinning feeding behavior are defined. Neurons within the brainstem dorsal vagal complex (DVC) receive direct information from the digestive system and project to second-order regions in the brain to regulate food intake. Although γ-aminobutyric acid is expressed in the DVC (GABADVC ), its function in this region has not been defined. In order to discover the unique gene expression signature of GABADVC cells, we used single-nucleus RNA sequencing (Nuc-seq), and this revealed 19 separate clusters...
March 15, 2024: Current Biology: CB
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38518292/ventral-amygdalofugal-pathway-as-an-integrated-surgically-important-network-microsurgical-anatomy-and-segmentation-based-on-fiber-dissection
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Buruç Erkan, Batu Hergünsel, Ozan Barut, Tahsin Saygı, Burak Kocak, Abuzer Güngör, Kaan Yağmurlu, Necmettin Tanriover
OBJECTIVE: The ventral amygdalofugal pathway (VAFP) provides afferent and efferent connections to the amygdala and spans along some of the frequently traversed intra-axial surgical corridors as a dominant fiber bundle. This study aimed to reveal the frequently overlooked VAFP fibers by examining their courses and connections to the basal forebrain, septal region, hypothalamus, thalamus, tegmentum, and brainstem. METHODS: Ten postmortem human brains were used to display the characteristics of the VAFP, and fiber dissection results were compared with those of tractography...
March 22, 2024: Journal of Neurosurgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38517801/natural-history-of-mandibular-function-in-spinal-muscular-atrophy-types-2-and-3
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
H Willemijn van Bruggen, Camiel A Wijngaarde, Faylynn Asselman, Marloes Stam, Nico H J Creugers, Renske I Wadman, W Ludo van der Pol, Stanimira I Kalaykova
BACKGROUND: Hereditary proximal spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is characterized by abnormal alpha motor neuron function in brainstem and spinal cord. Bulbar dysfunction, including limited mouth opening, is present in the majority of patients with SMA but it is unknown if and how these problems change during disease course. OBJECTIVE: In this prospective, observational, longitudinal natural history study we aimed to study bulbar dysfunction in patients with SMA types 2 and 3...
March 20, 2024: Journal of Neuromuscular Diseases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38517302/the-neurorehabilitation-of-post-stroke-dysphagia-physiology-and-pathophysiology
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ayodele Sasegbon, Ivy Cheng, Shaheen Hamdy
Swallowing is a complex process involving the precise contractions of numerous muscles of the head and neck, which act to process and shepherd ingested material from the oral cavity to its eventual destination, the stomach. Over the past five decades, information from animal and human studies has laid bare the complex network of neurones in the brainstem, cortex and cerebellum that are responsible for orchestrating each normal swallow. Amidst this complexity, problems can and often do occur that result in dysphagia, defined as impaired or disordered swallowing...
March 22, 2024: Journal of Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38517271/newborn-hearing-screening-results-for-infants-with-prenatal-opioid-exposure-in-southern-appalachia
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Marcy K Hite, Alyson J Chroust, Kerry Proctor-Williams, Jennifer L Lowe
PURPOSE: Infants prenatally exposed to opioids exhibit withdrawal symptomology that introduce physiological noise and can impact newborn hearing screening results. This study compared the referral rate and physiological noise interpreted by number of trials rejected due to artifact on initial newborn hearing screenings of infants with prenatal opioid exposure (POE) and infants with no opioid exposure (NOE). Furthermore, within the POE group, it examined the relationship of referral rates with severity of withdrawal symptomology, and with maternal and infant risk factors...
March 22, 2024: Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research: JSLHR
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38516817/altered-functional-connectivity-of-brainstem-nuclei-in-new-daily-persistent-headache-evidence-from-resting-state-functional-magnetic-resonance-imaging
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wei Wang, Dong Qiu, Yanliang Mei, Xiaoyan Bai, Ziyu Yuan, Xue Zhang, Zhonghua Xiong, Hefei Tang, Peng Zhang, Yaqing Zhang, Xueying Yu, Zhe Wang, Zhaoli Ge, Binbin Sui, Yonggang Wang
OBJECTIVES: The new daily persistent headache (NDPH) is a rare primary headache disorder. However, the underlying mechanisms of NDPH remain incompletely understood. This study aims to apply seed-based analysis to explore the functional connectivity (FC) of brainstem nuclei in patients with NDPH using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). METHODS: The FC analysis from the region of interest (ROI) to whole brain voxels was used to investigate 29 patients with NDPH and 37 well-matched healthy controls (HCs) with 3...
March 2024: CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38516124/expanding-understanding-of-electrocochleography-in-cochlear-implantation-auditory-neuropathy-spectrum-disorder-with-normal-pure-tone-average
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anna C Buhle, Hilary C McCrary, Steven A Gordon, Kathryn M Johnson, Eric E Babajanian, Neil S Patel
OBJECTIVE: Describe the preoperative decision-making, intraoperative electrocochleographic (ECoG) findings, and outcome of cochlear implantation (CI) in a patient with auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder (ANSD) and normal pure-tone thresholds. PATIENTS: A 19-year-old with a history of hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy and seizures was referred for hearing rehabilitation in the setting of typical hearing by pure tone audiometry but poor speech understanding. A diagnosis of ANSD was made based on acoustic brainstem response (ABR), distortion product otoacoustic emission, and acoustic reflex testing...
June 2023: Otol Neurotol Open
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38514126/-brain-stem-and-para-brain-stem-lesions
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Soichi Oya, Syunya Hanakita
Surgeries for brainstem lesions and adjacent areas needs meticulous manipulation in the profoundly deep surgical field. Moreover, it is associated with a high risk of complications pertinent to resection. The opportunity for a surgeon to amass extensive surgical experience in these lesions is limited. Additionally, the reduced tissue mobility in the brainstem, compared to other lesions, makes selecting the optimal surgical approach critical. Preoperative simulation is pivotal in surmounting these challenges...
March 2024: No Shinkei Geka. Neurological Surgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38514121/-usefulness-of-preoperative-simulation-skull-base-approach
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Masahiko Wanibuchi, Toru Hirano, Toshihiro Takami, Shinji Kawabata, Motomasa Furuse, Naosuke Nonoguchi, Masahiro Kameda, Ryo Hiramatsu, Ryokichi Yagi, Gen Futamura, Masao Fukumura, Takuya Kosaka, Yusuke Fukuo, Katsuya Komatsu, Nobuhiro Mikuni
Preoperative simulation images creates an accurate visualization of a surgical field. The anatomical relationship of the cranial nerves, arteries, brainstem, and related bony protrusions is important in skull base surgery. However, an operator's intention is unclear for a less experienced neurosurgeon. Three-dimensional(3D)fusion images of computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging created using a workstation aids precise surgical planning and safety management. Since the simulation images allows to perform virtual surgery, a déjà vu effect for the surgeon can be obtained...
March 2024: No Shinkei Geka. Neurological Surgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38512436/chewing-well-modulates-pharyngeal-bolus-transit-during-swallowing-in-healthy-participants
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Akira Okubo, Takanori Tsujimura, Rumi Ueha, Taku Suzuki, Yuhei Tsutsui, Yuta Nakajima, Nobuaki Saka, Anna Sasa, Eri Takei, Jin Magara, Makoto Inoue
Mastication is controlled by central pattern generator in the brainstem and can be modulated by volition. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of chewing well on swallowing. Twenty-six healthy participants were instructed to eat 8, 12, and/or 16 g of steamed rice with barium sulphate under the following two conditions: chewing freely task (CF; chewing naturally in their usual manner) and chewing well task (CW; chewing the food with a request to "chew well"). We evaluated bolus transport and swallowing movement using videofluoroscopy and electromyography of the masseter, suprahyoid and thyrohyoid muscles...
March 21, 2024: Dysphagia
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38511349/strategic-lacunes-associated-with-mild-cognitive-impairment-in-rural-chinese-older-adults-a-population-based-study
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jiafeng Wang, Xiaodong Han, Yuanjing Li, Wenxin Fa, Mingqing Zhao, Chunyan Li, Ming Mao, Tingting Hou, Yongxiang Wang, Lin Cong, Lin Song, Yifeng Du, Chengxuan Qiu
BACKGROUND: Lacunes are associated with cognitive impairment. We sought to identify strategic lacune locations associated with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and subtypes of MCI among older adults, and further to examine the role of white matter hyperintensities and perivascular spaces in the association. METHODS: This population-based cross-sectional study included 1230 dementia-free participants in the brain magnetic resonance imaging substudy (2018-2020) in MIND-China (Multimodal Interventions to Delay Dementia and Disability in Rural China)...
March 21, 2024: Stroke; a Journal of Cerebral Circulation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38511189/rapid-hearing-threshold-assessment-with-modified-auditory-brainstem-response-protocols-in-dogs
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Axel Stanger, Gesine Buhmann, Stefanie Dörfelt, Yury Zablotski, Andrea Fischer
INTRODUCTION: Auditory brainstem response (ABR) is the gold standard for hearing testing in dogs. ABR is commonly used in puppies to diagnose congenital sensorineural deafness. Long test times limit the use for a more comprehensive hearing screening in veterinary practice. This study aimed to establish a super-fast hearing screening protocol in dogs. METHODS: Hearing thresholds were routinely measured with a mobile device designed for newborn hearing screening in 90 dogs...
2024: Frontiers in Veterinary Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38510900/irinotecan-induced-transient-dysarthria-in-a-patient-with-metastatic-colorectal-cancer-a-case-report
#39
Kim Alfred E Inting, Anthony N Piano
We present a rare case of irinotecan-induced transient dysarthria in a 60-year-old female undergoing FOLFIRI (folinic acid (leucovorin), fluorouracil (5-FU), and irinotecan) chemotherapy for metastatic colorectal cancer. In eight out of the 12 cycles, an isolated, self-limiting "lingual dysarthria" with tongue stiffness consistently occurred during infusion and resolved promptly upon completion. Cranial imaging done during the initial episode and after the completion of the chemotherapy regimen were unremarkable...
February 2024: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38510871/prenatal-diagnosis-of-hemimegalencephaly-using-radiological-methods-a-case-report
#40
Marcia Mejia, Santiago Vargas Arango, Sergio Vargas Vélez, Jonathan Pimiento Figueroa
Hemimegalencephaly is a rare congenital anomaly characterized by an increase in the size and dysplastic involvement of one cerebral hemisphere, which can be partial or complete. It may also be associated with anomalies in the cerebellum and brainstem and, in some cases, be a part of different syndromes. The result of these abnormalities leads to intractable epilepsy and developmental delay. Diagnosis is typically made through imaging studies in the postnatal period, but it can also be done before birth...
February 2024: Curēus
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