Brent Wagner, Todd S Ing, Maria-Eleni Roumelioti, Ramin Sam, Christos P Argyropoulos, Susie Q Lew, Mark L Unruh, Richard I Dorin, James H Degnan, Antonios H Tzamaloukas
In hyperglycemia, the serum sodium concentration ( [Na]S ) receives influences from (a) the fluid exit from the intracellular compartment and thirst, which cause [Na]S decreases; (b) osmotic diuresis with sums of the urinary sodium plus potassium concentration lower than the baseline euglycemic [Na]S , which results in a [Na]S increase; and (c), in some cases, gains or losses of fluid, sodium, and potassium through the gastrointestinal tract, the respiratory tract, and the skin. Hyperglycemic patients with hypernatremia have large deficits of body water and usually hypovolemia and develop severe clinical manifestations and significant mortality...
March 28, 2024: Journal of Clinical Medicine