A20

The effect of an immune challenge induced by a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) exposure on systemic zinc homeostasis and the modulation of zinc glycinate (Zn-Gly) was investigated using a chicken embryo model. 160 Arbor Acres broiler fertilized eggs were randomly divided into 4 groups: CON (control group, injected with saline), LPS (LPS group, injected with 32 µg of LPS saline solution), Zn-Gly (zinc glycinate group, injected with 80 µg of zinc glycinate saline solution) and Zn-Gly+LPS (zinc glycinate and LPS group, injected with the same content of zinc glycinate and LPS saline solution)...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is the leading cause of death despite the development of effective treatments. Recently, elevated remnant cholesterol and low-grade inflammation have emerged as factors explaining part of the residual ASCVD risk. Interestingly, the coexistence of both high remnant cholesterol and low-grade inflammation can further increase the risk of ASCVD. The aim of this review is to describe the role of elevated remnant cholesterol and low-grade inflammation, separately and combined, in ASCVD...

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to compare moderate- versus high-intensity statin therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol less than 130 mg/dL. METHODS: This was a randomized, open-label, parallel design trial comprised of 79 patients randomly allocated into two groups receiving high-intensity [atorvastatin 40 mg (A40) or rosuvastatin 20 mg (R20) daily] or moderate-intensity [atorvastatin 20 mg (A20) or rosuvastatin 10 (R10) mg daily] statins for eight weeks...

INTRODUCTION: Diffuse cystic lung diseases comprise a heterogeneous group of pulmonary disorders, with most cases being benign and malignant instances being rare. CASE REPORT: We present an unusual case of lung adenocarcinoma characterized by the progressive diffusion of cystic lesions. The patient, initially diagnosed with a pulmonary infection and lymphoid interstitial pneumonia, underwent repeated misdiagnoses. Ultimately, the diagnosis was confirmed using radial endobronchial ultrasound-guided-transbronchial cryobiopsy (rEBUS-TBCB)...

The green concretes industry benefits from utilizing gel to replace parts of the cement in concretes. However, measuring the compressive strength of geo-polymer concretes (CSGPoC) needs a significant amount of work and expenditure. Therefore, the best idea is predicting CSGPoC with a high level of accuracy. To do this, the base learner and super learner machine learning models were proposed in this study to anticipate CSGPoC. The decision tree (DT) is applied as base learner, and the random forest and extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) techniques are used as super learner system...

Selenium (Se) is involved in many physiopathologic processes in humans and animals and is strongly associated with the development of heart disease. Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are cell wall components of gram-negative bacteria that are present in large quantities during environmental pollution. To investigate the mechanism of LPS-induced cardiac injury and the efficacy of the therapeutic effect of SeMet on LPS, a chicken model supplemented with selenomethionine (SeMet) and/or LPS treatment, as well as a primary chicken embryo cardiomyocyte model with the combined effect of SeMet / JAK2 inhibitor (INCB018424) and/or LPS were established in this experiment...

Acute graft versus host disease (aGvHD) is the major contributor of nonrelapse mortality in alloHSCT. It is associated with an inflammatory immune response manifesting as cytokine storm with ensuing damage to target organs such as liver, gut, and skin. Prevention of aGvHD while retaining the beneficial graft versus leukemia (GvL) effect remains a major challenge. Withania somnifera extract (WSE) is known for its anti-inflammatory, immune-modulatory, and anticancer properties, which are appealing in the context of aGvHD...

BACKGROUND: Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is associated with hemorrhagic and thrombotic complications during the perinatal period. Thrombocytopenia, platelet dysfunction, and prolonged standard coagulation tests are observed in this population. The aim of this study is to examine the hemostatic profile of IUGR neonates with the use of a non-activated assay (NATEM) in cord blood samples. METHODS: During an 18 month period, a NATEM ROTEM assay was performed on cord blood samples of 101 IUGR neonates...

BACKGROUND: Alectinib significantly improves survival of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with anaplastic lymphoma kinase ( ALK )-rearrangement. In this study, we analyzed the effects of different ALK rearrangements and co-mutations on the efficacy of alectinib. METHODS: Using the electronic medical record system, we reviewed in terms of clinical and pathological features patients with advanced (IIIB/IV stage) ALK -rearranged NSCLC at Shanghai Chest Hospital between January 2018 and December 2021 who were treated with alectinib in first or second line and were assessed for objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), and progression-free survival (PFS)...

Haploinsufficiency of A20 (HA20) is a rare monogenic disease caused by heterozygous loss-of-function mutations in the tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced protein 3 (TNFAIP3) gene located on chromosome 6q23.3. The majority of disease-causing mutations in most cases of HA20 comprise single nucleotide variations, small insertions, or deletions in TNFAIP3, which result in a premature termination codon and subsequent disruption of its anti-inflammatory role. Large deletions have been reported sporadically. HA20 patients may present with a variety of autoinflammatory and autoimmune features during early childhood; however, cases with neonatal onset are rare...

Acute lung injury is a serious complication of sepsis with high morbidity and mortality. Pyroptosis is a proinflammatory form of programmed cell death that leads to immune dysregulation and organ dysfunction during sepsis. We previously found that adenosine deaminase acting on double-stranded RNA 1 (ADAR1) plays regulatory roles in the pathology of sepsis, but the mechanism of ADAR1 in sepsis-induced pyroptosis and lung injury remains unclear. Here, we mainly investigated the regulatory effects and underlying mechanism of ADAR1 in sepsis-induced lung injury and pyroptosis of pulmonary macrophages through RNA sequencing of clinical samples, caecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced septic mouse models, and in vitro cellular experiments using RAW264...

A20 Haploinsufficiency (HA20) is a monogenic autoinflammatory disease associated with an autosomal dominant mutation in the TNFAIP3 gene. It induces a defect in the inactivation of the pro-inflammatory NF-κB pathway. Less than 200 cases have been described worldwide. The clinical picture of the disease is essentially based on the association of recurrent fever and/or biologic inflammatory syndrome, aphtosis, often bipolar, and cutaneous folliculitis. However, the clinical spectrum of HA20 is very broad, including gastrointestinal (mainly colonic ulceration), articular, cutaneous, pericardial and lymph node involvement, as well as frequent association with organ-specific or non-specific autoimmune manifestations and/or autoantibodies, including antinuclear antibodies and anti-dsDNA...

To discover new nematicides, a series of novel amide derivatives containing 1,2,4-oxadiazole were designed and synthesized. Several compounds showed excellent nematicidal activity. The LC50 values of compounds A7 , A18 , and A20 - A22 against pine wood nematode ( Bursaphelenchus xylophilus ), rice stem nematode ( Aphelenchoides besseyi ), and sweet potato stem nematode ( Ditylenchus destructor ) were 1.39-3.09 mg/L, which were significantly better than the control nematicide tioxazafen (106, 49.0, and 75.0 mg/L, respectively)...

Microglia, resident brain immune cells, is critical in inflammation, apoptosis, neurogenesis and neurological recovery during cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor (MANF), a novel identified endoplasmic reticulum stress-inducible neurotrophic factor, can alleviate I/R injury by reducing the inflammatory reaction, but its specific regulatory mechanism on microglia after ischemic stroke has not been fully clarified. To mimic the process of ischemia/reperfusion in vivo and in vitro, middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) was induced in C57BL/6J mice and oxygen glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) model was established in BV-2 cells...

A20 haploinsufficiency (HA20) is an autoinflammatory disease caused by defective inactivation of NF-κB pathway. We conducted a systematic literature review of articles reporting patients with TNFAIP3 mutations from 2016 to August 2023 following PRISMA guidelines. Data of 177 patients from 65 articles were retrieved (108 women). The principal features were: mucosal ulcers (n=129), fever (n=93) followed by gastrointestinal (n=81), skin features (n=76), autoimmunity (n=61) including thyroiditis (n=25) and Lupus (n=16), and joint involvements (n=54)...

INTRODUCTION: Lung transplantation is associated with high proportion of transfusion. Monitoring of coagulopathy using viscoelastic tests could aid in the perioperative management of bleeding. The aim of the study was to assess the predictive cut-off values for thrombocytopenia and hypofibrinogenemia using the new thromboelastography analyzer, ClotPro. METHODS: We retrospectively enrolled 65 patients who underwent lung transplantation and were sampled for both viscoelastic assays and conventional coagulation assays simultaneously during the procedure...

AIM: A20 haploinsufficiency (HA20) is a recently described autoinflammatory disease that manifests symptoms similar to those of Bechet's disease. However, little is known about the involvement of the liver in HA20. Herein, we report a case of HA20 complicated by autoimmune hepatitis (AIH). CASE PRESENTATION: A 33-year-old woman was previously diagnosed with HA20 and chronic thyroiditis and was treated with prednisolone (PSL) (7.5 mg/day) and levothyroxine sodium hydrate (125 µg/day)...

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic was disruptive to non-COVID-19-related healthcare. This study aimed to compare patient inflows and patient population characteristics at the Hand Surgery Department of JiShuiTan (JST) Hospital in Beijing, a top referral center, in 2020 during the pandemic relative to the same period in 2019. This cross-sectional study was conducted to analyze the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on patients admitted to the hand surgery ward. The participants were patients admitted from January to April 2019 (J-A19) and from January to April 2020 (J-A20)...

Small-strain shear modulus ([Formula: see text]) of soils is a crucial dynamic parameter that significantly impacts seismic site response analysis and foundation design. [Formula: see text] is susceptible to multiple factors, including soil uniformity coefficient ([Formula: see text]), void ratio (e), mean particle size ([Formula: see text]), and confining stress ([Formula: see text]). This study aims to establish a [Formula: see text] database and suggests three advanced computational models for [Formula: see text] prediction...

This study evaluated the incorporation of two ingredients as a source of bioactive compounds: amaranth flour (AF) and grape pomace peels flour (GP) to improve the nutritional qualities and functional properties of a wheat bread, emphasising the revalorisation of agricultural residues from grape winemaking as an ethical and economically viable source of bioactive compounds. Specifically, wheat flour (WF) substitutions were carried out for the individual ingredients, replacing 20% WF (A20 bread) or 5% GP (GP5 bread) and a mixture of both ingredients 20% WF and 5% GP (A20GP5 bread), and the antioxidant potential of the breads was analysed...