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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Laura Collignon, Kenn Holmbeck, Ashley Just, Lieven Verhoye, Rodrigo Velázquez-Moctezuma, Ulrik Fahnøe, Thomas H R Carlsen, Mansun Law, Jannick Prentoe, Troels K H Scheel, Judith M Gottwein, Philip Meuleman, Jens Bukh
BACKGROUND AIMS: HCV infection continues to be a major global health burden, despite effective antiviral treatments. The urgent need for a protective vaccine is hindered by the scarcity of suitable HCV permissive animal models tractable in vaccination and challenge studies. Currently, only antibody neutralization studies in infectious cell culture systems or studies of protection by passive immunization of human-liver chimeric mice offer the possibility to evaluate the effect of vaccine-induced antibodies...
April 23, 2024: Hepatology: Official Journal of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Laura Ferguson, Sarah Emoto, Sofia Gruskin
Access to sexual health services and information is critical to achieving the highest attainable standard of sexual health, and enabling legal environments are key to advancing progress in this area. In determining overall alignment with human rights standards to respect, protect, and fulfil sexual health-related rights without discrimination, there are many aspects of laws, including their specificity and content, which impact which sexual health services and information are availed, which are restricted, and for whom...
December 2024: Sexual and reproductive health matters
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Clément Rigaut, Alice Giaprakis, Laura Deruyver, Jonathan Goole, Pierre Lambert, Benoît Haut
The nose of the mammals is responsible for filtering, humidifying, and heating the air before entering the lower respiratory tract. This conditioning avoids, notably, dehydration of the bronchial and alveolar mucosa. However, since this conditioning is not perfect, exercising in cold air can induce lung inflammation, both for human and non-human mammals. This work aims to compare the air conditioning in the noses of various mammals during inspiration. We build our study on computational fluid dynamics simulations of the heat exchanges in the lumen of the upper respiratory tract of these mammals...
April 20, 2024: Scientific Reports
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Roni Diamant-Wilson, Meagan Ray-Novak, Braveheart Gillani, Dana M Prince, Laura J Mintz, Scott Emory Moore
In the past several decades, the United States has enacted civil rights legislation protecting lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) populations from discrimination, including enacting proactive healthcare laws such as the Affordable Care Act. However, given today's divisive politics, LGBTQ people's access to appropriate and respectful health care is precarious. This study explored the disconnections from and connections to health care and the respective health effects among two self-identified groups: i) older LGBT adults and ii) transgender and gender-diverse (TG/GD) adults...
March 13, 2024: Qualitative Research in Medicine & Healthcare
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Laura Hanley, Stacie Dobson, Alejandro G Marangoni
The potential to produce protein-structured vegan yogurts with legumes was explored to offer an alternative to conventional polysaccharide-based varieties. Glucono-δ-lactone (GDL) was employed as a slow acidifying agent and was investigated for its ability to generate cold-set, yogurt-like gels using soy and lentil milks made using minimal processing steps. Soy (5.3 % protein) and lentil (6.1 % protein) milks were successfully gelled by GDL at concentrations of 0.5 % and 1 % w/w. Soy and lentil milks experienced similar acidification profiles and demonstrated good fits with double-exponential decay models...
May 2024: Food Research International
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mercedes Botija, Ana Isabel Vázquez-Cañete, Laura Esteban-Romaní
OBJECTIVE: To determine the health status of the homeless population who spend the night on the streets and in shelters (extreme residential exclusion), with reference to their quality of life, self-perceived health, comorbidity and access to health resources. METHOD: A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out on a sample of 263 homeless people in the city of Valencia by means of a nocturnal count and using the EQ-5D-3L Health Related Quality of Life questionnaire and questions from the European Quality of Life Survey for Spain...
April 11, 2024: Gaceta Sanitaria
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Cathren Cohen, Lauren A Hunter, Raiza M Beltran, Jaclyn Serpico, Laura Packel, Ayako Miyashita Ochoa, Sandra I McCoy, Kerith J Conron
IMPORTANCE: Nearly half of US states have restricted abortion access. Policy makers are exploring pathways to increase access to abortion and reproductive health care more broadly. Since 2016, California pharmacists could prescribe hormonal birth control, providing an opportunity to learn about the implementation of pharmacist-provided reproductive health care. OBJECTIVE: To explore the feasibility of broadening pharmacist scope of practice to include prescribing medication abortion...
April 1, 2024: JAMA Network Open
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mariela V Jennings, José Jaime Martínez-Magaña, Natasia S Courchesne-Krak, Renata B Cupertino, Laura Vilar-Ribó, Sevim B Bianchi, Alexander S Hatoum, Elizabeth G Atkinson, Paola Giusti-Rodriguez, Janitza L Montalvo-Ortiz, Joel Gelernter, María Soler Artigas, Sarah L Elson, Howard J Edenberg, Pierre Fontanillas, Abraham A Palmer, Sandra Sanchez-Roige
BACKGROUND: Alcohol consumption is associated with numerous negative social and health outcomes. These associations may be direct consequences of drinking, or they may reflect common genetic factors that influence both alcohol consumption and other outcomes. METHODS: We performed exploratory phenome-wide association studies (PheWAS) of three of the best studied protective single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes encoding ethanol metabolising enzymes (ADH1B: rs1229984-T, rs2066702-A; ADH1C: rs698-T) using up to 1109 health outcomes across 28 phenotypic categories (e...
April 2, 2024: EBioMedicine
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Assessment of Multisensory Sensitivity May Assist With the Management of Children With Chronic Pain.
Anureet Walia, Crystal Markfort, Laura Frey-Law
Chronic pain is a significant problem in adults; however, it can also be challenging to evaluate and manage effectively in pediatric and adolescent populations. Many theories implicate different factors that cause pain to become chronic, more severe, or more detrimental to function. There is emerging evidence for the role of generalized multisensory sensitivity (MSS) as a contributing factor to chronic pain in the adult population; however, similar evidence in the pediatric literature is lacking. Thus, the purpose of this case series is to highlight the clinical use of MSS assessment in children and adolescents with chronic pain to better phenotype and provide targeted treatment...
April 5, 2024: Pediatrics
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Heather Kleider-Offutt, Beth Stevens, Laura Mickes, Stewart Boogert
Artificial intelligence is already all around us, and its usage will only increase. Knowing its capabilities is critical. A facial recognition system (FRS) is a tool for law enforcement during suspect searches and when presenting photos to eyewitnesses for identification. However, there are no comparisons between eyewitness and FRS accuracy using video, so it is unknown whether FRS face matches are more accurate than eyewitness memory when identifying a perpetrator. Ours is the first application of artificial intelligence to an eyewitness experience, using a comparative psychology approach...
April 3, 2024: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Makda G Mulugeta, Gabrielle Bailey, Kendall Parsons, Scott Gillespie, Laura M Johnson, Kiesha Fraser Doh, Andrew Reisner, Laura S Blackwell
BACKGROUND: Firearm-related injuries (FRI) are an increasing cause of death and injury in children. The etiology for this rise is multifactorial and includes socioeconomic factors. Despite its prevalence and documented increase over COVID-19, there is a paucity of research on disparities and the influence of social determinants of health (SDH) in pediatric FRI. This study aims to explore the epidemiology of this vulnerable population in Atlanta, trends over time and relevant dates such as COVID-19 and a state firearm law, and disparities in clinical outcomes...
2024: Frontiers in Public Health
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Krista R Mehari, Savannah Morgan, Laura Taylor Stevens, Jasmine N Coleman, Kaitlyn Schuler, Curtis Graves, Dakota R B Lindsey, Phillip N Smith
This mixed methods study had two aims: (1) to examine the effectiveness of a jail diversion program in reducing recidivism and promoting educational and employment outcomes; and (2) to qualitatively explore mechanisms through which the program was effective. Participants were 17 individuals arrested for drug offenses who participated in an intensive, law enforcement-based jail diversion program, and 17 individuals in a comparison group. Arrests were extracted from police records, and education and employment were extracted from program data...
March 16, 2024: Journal of Community Psychology
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
William R Simpson, Jingqiu Mao, Gilberto J Fochesatto, Kathy S Law, Peter F DeCarlo, Julia Schmale, Kerri A Pratt, Steve R Arnold, Jochen Stutz, Jack E Dibb, Jessie M Creamean, Rodney J Weber, Brent J Williams, Becky Alexander, Lu Hu, Robert J Yokelson, Manabu Shiraiwa, Stefano Decesari, Cort Anastasio, Barbara D'Anna, Robert C Gilliam, Athanasios Nenes, Jason M St Clair, Barbara Trost, James H Flynn, Joel Savarino, Laura D Conner, Nathan Kettle, Krista M Heeringa, Sarah Albertin, Andrea Baccarini, Brice Barret, Michael A Battaglia, Slimane Bekki, T J Brado, Natalie Brett, David Brus, James R Campbell, Meeta Cesler-Maloney, Sol Cooperdock, Karolina Cysneiros de Carvalho, Hervé Delbarre, Paul J DeMott, Conor J S Dennehy, Elsa Dieudonné, Kayane K Dingilian, Antonio Donateo, Konstantinos M Doulgeris, Kasey C Edwards, Kathleen Fahey, Ting Fang, Fangzhou Guo, Laura M D Heinlein, Andrew L Holen, Deanna Huff, Amna Ijaz, Sarah Johnson, Sukriti Kapur, Damien T Ketcherside, Ezra Levin, Emily Lill, Allison R Moon, Tatsuo Onishi, Gianluca Pappaccogli, Russell Perkins, Roman Pohorsky, Jean-Christophe Raut, Francois Ravetta, Tjarda Roberts, Ellis S Robinson, Federico Scoto, Vanessa Selimovic, Michael O Sunday, Brice Temime-Roussel, Xinxiu Tian, Judy Wu, Yuhan Yang
The Alaskan Layered Pollution And Chemical Analysis (ALPACA) field experiment was a collaborative study designed to improve understanding of pollution sources and chemical processes during winter (cold climate and low-photochemical activity), to investigate indoor pollution, and to study dispersion of pollution as affected by frequent temperature inversions. A number of the research goals were motivated by questions raised by residents of Fairbanks, Alaska, where the study was held. This paper describes the measurement strategies and the conditions encountered during the January and February 2022 field experiment, and reports early examples of how the measurements addressed research goals, particularly those of interest to the residents...
March 8, 2024: ACS EST Air
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jalayne J Arias, Ana M Tyler, Laura M Beskow, Maria C Carillo, Susan Dickinson, Jill Goldman, Mary A Majumder, Michelle M Mello, Heather M Snyder, Jennifer S Yokoyama
INTRODUCTION: Federal policies and guidelines have expanded the return of individual results to participants and expectations for data sharing between investigators and through repositories. Here, we report investigators' and study participants' views and experiences with data stewardship practices within frontotemporal lobal degeneration (FTLD) research, which reveal unique ethical challenges. METHODS: Semi-structured interviews with (1) investigators conducting FTLD research that includes genetic data collection and/or analysis and (2) participants enrolled in a single site longitudinal FTLD study...
March 8, 2024: Alzheimer's & Dementia: the Journal of the Alzheimer's Association
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Bernadette C Siaton, Beth B Hogans, Laura A Frey-Law, Lana M Brown, Christopher M Herndon, Luis F Buenaver
INTRODUCTION: Pain is highly prevalent in older adults and often contextualized by multiple clinical conditions (pain comorbidities). Pain comorbidities increase with age and this makes clinical decisions more complex. To address gaps in clinical training and geriatric pain management, we established the Pain in Aging-Educational Assessment of Need (PAEAN) project to appraise the impacts of medical and mental health conditions on clinical decision-making regarding older adults with pain...
2024: Front Pain Res (Lausanne)
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rachel A Hadler, Laura A Shinkunas, Lauris C Kaldjian, Erica M Carlisle
OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to describe ethical and professional issues encountered and the ethical and professional values cited by medical students during their critical care clerkship, with a comparison of issues encountered before and during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. METHODS: In this single-center, retrospective mixed-methods study, two investigators at a midwestern US academic medical center performed qualitative content analysis on reflections written by fourth-year medical students about ethical and professional issues encountered during their critical care rotations between March 2016 and September 2021...
March 2024: Southern Medical Journal
#17
REVIEW
Laura Beatrice Mattioli, Maria Frosini, Ivan Corazza, Sirio Fiorino, Maddalena Zippi, Matteo Micucci, Roberta Budriesi
The significant number of individuals impacted by the pandemic makes prolonged symptoms after COVID-19 a matter of considerable concern. These are numerous and affect multiple organ systems. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), prolonged gastrointestinal issues are a crucial part of post-COVID-19 syndrome. The resulting disruption of homeostasis underscores the need for a therapeutic approach based on compounds that can simultaneously affect more than one target/node. The present review aimed to check for nutraceuticals possessing multiple molecular mechanisms helpful in relieving Long COVID-19-specific gastrointestinal symptoms...
February 29, 2024: Phytotherapy Research: PTR
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Leslie E Wolf, Natalie Ram, Jorge Contreras, Laura M Beskow
With the Supreme Court's decision in Dobbs , reproductive research now joins other sensitive research topics that present legal risks to research participants, underscoring the role of Certificates in protecting them. Yet, stakeholders question whether Certificates will hold up in court. In this article, we describe the essential arguments supporting Congress's regulation of biomedical research and, thus, Certificates, under its authority to regulate interstate commerce. Our analysis should reassure researchers and Institutional review boards who rely on Certificates to protect the confidentiality of research participants' data...
2024: Journal of Law and the Biosciences
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Essi Viding, Alex Lloyd, Roslyn Law, Peter Martin, Laura Lucas, Tom Chin-Han Wu, Nikolaus Steinbeis, Nick Midgley, René Veenstra, Jaime Smith, Lili Ly, Geoffrey Bird, Jennifer Murphy, David Plans, Marcus Munafo, Ian Penton-Voak, Jessica Deighton, Kathleen Richards, Mya Richards, Pasco Fearon
BACKGROUND: Adolescence is a period of heightened vulnerability to developing mental health problems, and rates of mental health disorder in this age group have increased in the last decade. Preventing mental health problems developing before they become entrenched, particularly in adolescents who are at high risk, is an important research and clinical target. Here, we report the protocol for the trial of the 'Building Resilience through Socioemotional Training' (ReSET) intervention. ReSET is a new, preventative intervention that incorporates individual-based emotional training techniques and group-based social and communication skills training...
February 23, 2024: Trials
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Susan DiVietro, Amy A Hunter, Laura Schwab-Reese, Christa Green, Robert Aseltine
Suicide is a leading cause of death in the United States (U.S.), with firearms being the predominant method. This study examines the racial disparity and disproportionality of pediatric firearm suicide from 2014 to 2018 in 17 U.S. states. We used the National Violent Death Reporting System to quantify the burden of pediatric firearm suicide by race/ethnicity and gender and assessed themes among decedents aged 10 to 17 years. Racial disparity and disproportionality were measured using the Disparity Index and Disproportionality Representation Index, respectively...
February 17, 2024: Journal of Interpersonal Violence
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