keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38532464/bcaa-metabolism-in-pancreatic-cancer-affects-lipid-balance-by-regulating-fatty-acid-import-into-mitochondria
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Klára Gotvaldová, Jitka Špačková, Jiří Novotný, Kamila Baslarová, Petr Ježek, Lenka Rossmeislová, Jan Gojda, Katarína Smolková
BACKGROUND: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has been associated with the host dysmetabolism of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs), however, the implications for the role of BCAA metabolism in PDAC development or progression are not clear. The mitochondrial catabolism of valine, leucine, and isoleucine is a multistep process leading to the production of short-chain R-CoA species. They can be subsequently exported from mitochondria as short-chain carnitines (SC-CARs), utilized in anabolic pathways, or released from the cells...
March 26, 2024: Cancer & Metabolism
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38532453/current-prospects-of-hereditary-adrenal-tumors-towards-better-clinical-management
#22
REVIEW
Akihiro Ohmoto, Naomi Hayashi, Shunji Takahashi, Arisa Ueki
Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) and pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma (PPGL) are two rare types of adrenal gland malignancies. Regarding hereditary tumors, some patients with ACC are associated with with Li-Fraumeni syndrome (LFS), and those with PPGL with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2. Recent studies have expanded this spectrum to include other types of hereditary tumors, such as Lynch syndrome or familial adenomatous polyposis. Individuals harboring germline TP53 pathogenic variants that cause LFS have heterogeneous phenotypes depending on the respective variant type...
March 26, 2024: Hereditary Cancer in Clinical Practice
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38531995/research-on-collaborative-edge-network-service-migration-strategy-based-on-crowd-clustering
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Junjie Cao, Zhiyong Yu, Bin Xue
The innovative application of Crowd Intelligent Devices (CIDS) in edge networks has garnered attention due to the rapid development of artificial intelligence and computer technology. This application offers users more reliable and low-latency computing services through computation offloading technology. However, the dynamic nature of network terminals and the limited coverage of edge servers pose challenges, such as data loss and service interruption. Furthermore, the high-speed mobility of intelligent terminals in the dynamic edge network environment further complicates the design of computation offloading and service migration strategies...
March 26, 2024: Scientific Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38531923/geneai-3-0-powerful-novel-generalized-hybrid-and-ensemble-deep-learning-frameworks-for-mirna-species-classification-of-stationary-patterns-from-nucleotides
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jaskaran Singh, Narendra N Khanna, Ranjeet K Rout, Narpinder Singh, John R Laird, Inder M Singh, Mannudeep K Kalra, Laura E Mantella, Amer M Johri, Esma R Isenovic, Mostafa M Fouda, Luca Saba, Mostafa Fatemi, Jasjit S Suri
Due to the intricate relationship between the small non-coding ribonucleic acid (miRNA) sequences, the classification of miRNA species, namely Human, Gorilla, Rat, and Mouse is challenging. Previous methods are not robust and accurate. In this study, we present AtheroPoint's GeneAI 3.0, a powerful, novel, and generalized method for extracting features from the fixed patterns of purines and pyrimidines in each miRNA sequence in ensemble paradigms in machine learning (EML) and convolutional neural network (CNN)-based deep learning (EDL) frameworks...
March 26, 2024: Scientific Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38531413/functionally-mediated-cranial-allometry-evidenced-in-a-genus-of-rock-wallabies
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
D Rex Mitchell, Sally Potter, Mark D B Eldridge, Meg Martin, Vera Weisbecker
In assessments of skeletal variation, allometry (disproportionate change of shape with size) is often corrected to examine size-independent variation for hypotheses relating to function. However, size-related trade-offs in functional demands may themselves be an underestimated driver of mammalian cranial diversity. Here, we use geometric morphometrics alongside dental measurements to assess craniodental allometry in the rock-wallaby genus Petrogale (all 17 species, 370 individuals). We identified functional aspects of evolutionary allometry that can be both extensions of, and correlated negatively with, static or ontogenetic allometric patterns...
March 2024: Biology Letters
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38529485/cingulate-cortex-shapes-early-postnatal-development-of-social-vocalizations
#26
Gurueswar Nagarajan, Denis Matrov, Anna C Pearson, Cecil Yen, Sean P Bradley, Yogita Chudasama
The social dynamics of vocal behavior has major implications for social development in humans. We asked whether early life damage to the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), which is closely associated with socioemotional regulation more broadly, impacts the normal development of vocal expression. The common marmoset provides a unique opportunity to study the developmental trajectory of vocal behavior, and to track the consequences of early brain damage on aspects of social vocalizations. We created ACC lesions in neonatal marmosets and compared their pattern of vocalization to that of age-matched controls throughout the first 6 weeks of life...
February 21, 2024: bioRxiv
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38529477/cingulotomy-the-last-man-standing-in-the-battle-against-medically-refractory-poststroke-pain
#27
Linda Kollenburg, Erkan Kurt, Hisse Arnts, Saman Vinke
INTRODUCTION: Central poststroke pain (CPSP) places a huge burden on patient lives because patients are often refractory to conventional strategies and have little chance for spontaneous recovery. A subset of patients is even given approval for euthanasia and is without any perspective. Because the anterior cingulate cortex historically seems to be a promising target for patients with both mental and chronic pain disorders, lesioning of this central "hub" with cingulotomy may be a useful strategy for medically refractory CPSP...
April 2024: Pain Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38528903/medical-students-perceptions-on-preparedness-and-care-delivery-for-patients-with-autism-or-intellectual-disability
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
E Bitektine, M A Hintermayer, A Chen, A Ko, C Rodriguez
INTRODUCTION: To provide competent care to patients with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) or intellectual developmental disorder (IDD), healthcare professionals must recognize the needs of neurodivergent populations and adapt their clinical approach. We assessed the perceived preparedness of medical students to adapt care delivery for patients with ASD/IDD, as well as their perceptions on neurodiversity education. METHODS: We conducted a sequential explanatory mixed-methods study on undergraduate medical students at McGill University during the academic year 2020-2021...
February 2024: Canadian Medical Education Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38528498/barriers-and-enabling-factors-for-utilizing-physical-rehabilitation-services-by-afghan-immigrants-and-refugees-with-disabilities-in-iran-a-qualitative-study
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Elaheh Amini, Manal Etemadi, Saeed Shahabi, Cornelia Anne Barth, Farzaneh Honarmandi, Marzieh Karami Rad, Kamran Bagheri Lankarani
INTRODUCTION: Individuals with a migrant background often underutilize physical rehabilitation services (PRS) compared to the host population. This disparity is attributed to various barriers, including limited access to information, language barriers, illiteracy, and cultural factors. To improve PRS utilization by Afghan immigrants and refugees in Iran, it is crucial to identify these barriers and enabling factors. In response, this study explored the barriers and enabling factors for utilizing PRS among Afghan immigrants and refugees with disabilities in Iran...
March 25, 2024: BMC Public Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38528312/a-canadian-simulation-model-for-major-depressive-disorder-study-protocol
#30
REVIEW
Shahzad Ghanbarian, Gavin W K Wong, Mary Bunka, Louisa Edwards, Sonya Cressman, Tania Conte, Sandra Peterson, Rohit Vijh, Morgan Price, Christian Schuetz, David Erickson, Linda Riches, Ginny Landry, Kim McGrail, Jehannine Austin, Stirling Bryan
BACKGROUND: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common, often recurrent condition and a significant driver of healthcare costs. People with MDD often receive pharmacological therapy as the first-line treatment, but the majority of people require more than one medication trial to find one that relieves symptoms without causing intolerable side effects. There is an acute need for more effective interventions to improve patients' remission and quality of life and reduce the condition's economic burden on the healthcare system...
March 26, 2024: PharmacoEconomics Open
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38528268/diagnostic-classification-models-for-testlets-methods-and-theory
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xin Xu, Guanhua Fang, Jinxin Guo, Zhiliang Ying, Susu Zhang
Diagnostic classification models (DCMs) have seen wide applications in educational and psychological measurement, especially in formative assessment. DCMs in the presence of testlets have been studied in recent literature. A key ingredient in the statistical modeling and analysis of testlet-based DCMs is the superposition of two latent structures, the attribute profile and the testlet effect. This paper extends the standard testlet DINA (T-DINA) model to accommodate the potential correlation between the two latent structures...
March 26, 2024: Psychometrika
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38527798/on-the-art-of-audio-description-naomi-kawase-s-radiance
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Aleksandra Glos, Felipe Toro Franco
Audio description improves access to visual culture for people who are unable to fully participate in it due to visual impairments. Because of this direct benefit to disabled people, it is usually defined as an accommodation or inclusion service. Rather than adopting this view, we see disability as a creative force, arguing that it can engender a new dimension of art: audio description as a form of cinematic ekphrasis. This claim is made by drawing on the 2017 movie Radiance , by Japanese director Naomi Kawase...
March 25, 2024: Medical Humanities
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38527737/dietary-methionine-enhances-portal-appearance-of-guanidinoacetate-and-synthesis-of-creatine-in-yucatan-miniature-piglets
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mahesha U Asiriwardhana, O Chandani Dinesh, Janet A Brunton, Robert F Bertolo
BACKGROUND: Creatine plays a significant role in energy metabolism and positively impacts anaerobic energy capacity, muscle mass, and physical performance. Endogenous creatine synthesis requires guanidinoacetic acid (GAA) and methionine. GAA can be an alternative to creatine supplements and has been tested as a beneficial feed additive in the animal industry. When pigs are fed GAA with excess methionine, creatine is synthesized without feedback regulation. In contrast, when dietary methionine is limiting, creatine synthesis is limited, yet GAA does not accumulate in plasma, urine, or liver...
March 23, 2024: Journal of Nutrition
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38527485/classification-of-early-tuberculosis-states-to-guide-research-for-improved-care-and-prevention-an-international-delphi-consensus-exercise
#34
REVIEW
Anna K Coussens, Syed M A Zaidi, Brian W Allwood, Puneet K Dewan, Glenda Gray, Mikashmi Kohli, Tamara Kredo, Ben J Marais, Guy B Marks, Leo Martinez, Morten Ruhwald, Thomas J Scriba, James A Seddon, Phumeza Tisile, Digby F Warner, Robert J Wilkinson, Hanif Esmail, Rein M G J Houben
The current active-latent paradigm of tuberculosis largely neglects the documented spectrum of disease. Inconsistency with regard to definitions, terminology, and diagnostic criteria for different tuberculosis states has limited the progress in research and product development that are needed to achieve tuberculosis elimination. We aimed to develop a new framework of classification for tuberculosis that accommodates key disease states but is sufficiently simple to support pragmatic research and implementation...
March 22, 2024: Lancet Respiratory Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38527187/secondary-sites-of-the-c-type-lectin-like-fold
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jonathan Lefebre, Torben Falk, Yunzhan Ning, Christoph Rademacher
C-type lectins are a large superfamily of proteins involved in a multitude of biological processes. In particular, their involvement in immunity and homeostasis has rendered them attractive targets for diverse therapeutic interventions. They share a characteristic C-type lectin-like domain whose adaptability enables them to bind a broad spectrum of ligands beyond the originally defined canonical Ca2+-dependent carbohydrate binding. Together with variable domain architecture and high-level conformational plasticity, this enables C-type lectins to meet diverse functional demands...
March 25, 2024: Chemistry: a European Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38527093/prefrontal-amygdala-pathways-for-object-and-social-value-representation
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Maia S Pujara, Elisabeth A Murray
This special focus article was prepared to honor the memory of our National Institutes of Health colleague, friend, and mentor Leslie G. Ungerleider, who passed away in December 2020, and is based on a presentation given at a symposium held in her honor at the National Institutes of Health in September 2022. In this article, we describe an extension of Leslie Ungerleider's influential work on the object analyzer pathway in which the inferior temporal visual cortex interacts with the amygdala, and then discuss a broader role for the amygdala in stimulus-outcome associative learning in humans and nonhuman primates...
March 22, 2024: Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38527049/let-s-chalk-about-it-introducing-the-tinytalks-curriculum-a-paradigm-for-short-virtual-chalk-talks
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anna Handorf, Michael G Healy, Anna Klouda, Alice Lu, Iman Moawad, Weizhen Tan, Yoon Soo Park, Ariel Frey-Vogel
In busy clinical environments, educational opportunities must be designed to accommodate learner-specific needs. Many adult learners prefer short, relevant, technology-enhanced learning. As such, electronic learning (e-learning) experiences have become a prominent part of medical education. Yet, there remain challenges to e-learning experiences in the current educational landscape. To address these challenges, the authors developed the TinyTalks paradigm, which serves as the educational foundation for the TinyTalks curriculum...
March 25, 2024: Academic Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38526999/lateropulsion-resolution-and-outcomes-up-to-one-year-post-stroke-a-prospective-longitudinal-cohort-study
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jessica Nolan, Angela Jacques, Erin Godecke, Michael Bynevelt, Ferry Dharsono, Barbara Singer
BACKGROUND: Post-stroke lateropulsion is prevalent and associated with poor rehabilitation outcomes; however, data regarding long-term function associated with lateropulsion are lacking. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to explore lateropulsion resolution and associations between lateropulsion, functional outcomes, and fall occurrence up to 12 months post-stroke. METHODS: Participants for this prospective, longitudinal cohort study were recruited from a Stroke Rehabilitation Unit (SRU)...
March 25, 2024: Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38526441/design-and-analysis-of-a-microgripper-for-trans-scale-clamping-based-on-a-compliant-multistable-mechanism
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Luqing Hu, Hongxi Wang, Guanwei Wang, Wenhong Liang
Piezoelectric actuators commonly used in microgrippers have a small stroke, and their accuracy is reduced by the transmission amplification unit, which leads to a contradiction between the clamping range and the clamping accuracy in existing piezoelectric-actuated microgrippers. This paper proposes a design scheme to divide the total clamping range of the microgripper into segments based on the compliant multistable mechanism (CMM). First, by using the stable equilibrium positions of the CMM, the total clamping range of the microgripper is divided into multiple smaller clamping sub-intervals to accommodate objects of different scales...
March 1, 2024: Review of Scientific Instruments
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38526412/initial-experience-and-clinical-assessment-of-the-karl-storz-flex-xc1-single-use-flexible-ureteroscope
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jamal Alamiri, Robert Qi, Kevin F Hanna, Lindsay A White, Garrett N Ungerer, Jayson P Kemble, Carly A Thompson, Aaron M Potretzke, Kevin Koo
INTRODUCTION: The Karl Storz FLEX-XC1 is a novel single-use flexible ureteroscope that uses the same videographics platform as its reusable digital counterpart. We evaluated the technical performance of the FLEX-XC1 in its initial clinical use. METHODS: We reviewed a series of consecutive ureteroscopy procedures performed by 2 endourologists using the FLEX-XC1 for indications for which we typically use a single-use device: total stone burden >15 mm or >10 mm in the lower pole, anticipated case duration >60 minutes, bilateral procedure, or upper tract urothelial cancer procedures...
March 13, 2024: Urology Practice
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