Blood anemia

PURPOSE: Preoperative anemia increases postoperative morbidity, mortality, and the risk of allogeneic transfusion. However, the incidence of preoperative anemia in patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty and total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and its relationship to postoperative outcomes has not been previously reported. METHODS: We conducted a comprehensive literature search through PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Sincien, and Embase from inception to July 2023 to investigate the prevalence of preoperative anemia in patients undergoing Total Joint Arthroplasty, comorbidities between anemic and non-anemicpatients before surgery, and postoperative outcomes...

Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are a heterogeneous group of pre-leukemic hematopoietic disorders characterized by cytopenia in peripheral blood due to ineffective hematopoiesis and normo- or hypercellularity and morphologic dysplasia in bone marrow (BM). An inflammatory BM microenvironment and programmed cell death of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) are thought to be the major causes of ineffective hematopoiesis in MDS. Pyroptosis, apoptosis and necroptosis (collectively, PANoptosis) are observed in BM tissues of MDS patients, suggesting an important role of PANoptosis in MDS pathogenesis...

BACKGROUND: Postpartum anemia is a significant contributor to peripartum morbidity. The utilization of cell salvage in low risk cases and its impact on postpartum anemia has not been investigated. We therefore aimed to examine the impact of autologous blood transfusion/cell salvage in routine cesarean delivery on postoperative hematocrit and anemia. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Retrospective cohort study from a perfusion database from a large academic center where cell salvage is performed at the discretion of the obstetrical team...

OBJECTIVE: To assess concordance between umbilical cord blood (UCB) and neonatal blood (NB) laboratory test results at birth. STUDY DESIGN: This retrospective study considered very preterm neonates (<32 weeks' gestational age) admitted to a tertiary neonatal intensive care unit from 2012 to 2023. Inclusion criteria required neonates with a complete blood count measured in both UCB and NB drawn within 2 hours after birth. Median hemoglobin (Hb) and hematocrit (Hct) concentrations were compared between UCB (venous samples) and NB (venous, arterial, or capillary samples)...

Pseudouridine is the most prevalent RNA modification, and its aberrant function is implicated in various human diseases. However, the specific impact of pseudouridylation on hematopoiesis remains poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the role of tRNA pseudouridylation in erythropoiesis and its association with mitochondrial myopathy, lactic acidosis, and sideroblastic anemia syndrome (MLASA) pathogenesis. By utilizing patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) carrying a genetic PUS1 mutation and a corresponding mutant mouse model, we demonstrated impaired erythropoiesis in MLASA iPSCs and anemia in the MLASA mouse model...

BACKGROUND Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is an important treatment for severe aplastic anemia (SAA). It is known that SAA can evolve into malignant clonal diseases, such as acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML) or myelodysplastic syndrome. However, the transformation of SAA into AML after allo-HSCT is a rare phenomenon. Here, we report a case of SAA transformed into AML after patient received human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-matched sibling peripheral blood stem cell transplantation...

As one of the most common iron-chelating agents, deferoxamine (DFO) rapidly chelates iron in the body. Moreover, it does not compete for the iron characteristic of hemoglobin in the blood cells, which is common in the clinical treatment of iron poisoning. Iron is a trace element necessary to maintain organism normal life activities. Iron deficiency can lead to anemia, whereas iron overload can cause elevated levels of cellular oxidative stress and cell damage. As a consequence, detection of the iron content in tissues and blood is of great significance...

β-thalassemia is a disorder characterized by anemia, ineffective erythropoiesis (IE), and iron overload, whose treatment still requires improvement. The activin receptor-ligand trap Luspatercept, a novel therapeutic option for β-thalassemia, stimulates erythroid differentiation inhibiting the transforming growth factor β pathway. However, its exact mechanism of action and the possible connection with erythropoietin (Epo), the erythropoiesis governing cytokine, remain to be clarified. Moreover, Luspatercept does not correct all the features of the disease, calling for the identification of strategies that enhance its efficacy...

Anemia is common in cancer patients and impacts on quality of life and prognosis. It is typically multifactorial, often involving different pathophysiological mechanisms, making treatment a difficult task. In patients undergoing active anticancer treatments like chemotherapy, decreased red blood cell (RBC) production due to myelosuppression generally predominates, but absolute or functional iron deficiency frequently coexists. Current treatments for chemotherapy-related anemia include blood transfusions, erythropoiesis-stimulating agents, and iron supplementation...

Paragangliomas (PGLs) are rare neuroendocrine tumors which overproduce catecholamines (CAs). They are extra-adrenal, catecholamine-secreting tumors occurring outside the adrenal glands. Gastric PGLs originating from extra-adrenal paraganglia are exceptionally rare, and their presentation in geriatric patients further adds to the complexity of diagnosis and management. A 72-year-old male patient presented with enduring left upper abdominal pain and anemia persisting for over a year, and hypertension for six months...

Introduction: Erythropoietin (EPO) acts primarily in regulating red blood cell production mediated by high EPO receptor (EPOR) expression in erythroid progenitor cells. EPO activity in non-erythroid tissue is evident in mice with EPOR restricted to erythroid tissues (ΔEPORE) that become obese, glucose-intolerant, and insulin-resistant. In animal models, nitric oxide synthase (NOS) contributes to EPO activities including erythropoiesis, neuroprotection, and cardioprotection against ischemia-reperfusion injury...

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of a third-generation lentivirus-based vector encoding the feline erythropoietin (EPO) (feEPO) gene in vitro and in rodent models in vivo. This vector incorporates a genetic mechanism to facilitate the termination of the therapeutic effect in the event of supraphysiologic polycythemia, the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (HSV-TK) "suicide gene." ANIMALS: CFRK cells and replication-defective lentiviral vectors encoding feEPO were used for in vitro experiments...

INTRODUCTION: The definition of primary plasma cell leukemia (pPCL) has been revised from ≥20% to ≥5% circulating plasma cells (CPC). However, the precise prognosis associated with CPC remains controversial. This study aimed to investigate prognostic biomarkers for myeloma patients based on CPC presence. METHODS: A comprehensive analysis was conducted on 309 consecutive patients diagnosed with either multiple myeloma or pPCL, utilizing peripheral blood smears stained with Wright-Giemsa...

Oxidative damage to erythroid cells plays a key role in the pathogenesis of thalassemia. The oxidative stress in thalassemia is potentiated by heme, nonheme iron, and free iron produced by the Fenton reaction, due to degradation of the unstable hemoglobin and iron overload. In addition, the levels of antioxidant enzymes and molecules are significantly decreased in erythrocytes in α- and β-thalassemia. The control of oxidative stress in red blood cells (RBCs) is known to be mediated by microRNAs (miRNAs)...

BACKGROUND: The goal was to develop a risk assessment model for predicting red blood cell (RBC) transfusion in neonatal patients to assist hospital blood supply departments in providing small portions of RBCs to those requiring RBC transfusion on time. METHODS: Clinical information was collected from 1,201 children admitted to the neonatal unit. Clinical factors associated with predicting RBC transfusion were screened, and prediction models were developed using stepwise and multifactorial logistic regression analyses, followed by the evaluation of prediction models using receiver operating characteristic curves, calibration curves, and decision curve analysis (DCA)...

BACKGROUND: Platelet (PLT) count is one of the most important parameters of automated hematology, as spurious PLT reports could affect medical judgement and bring significant risks. In most cases, spurious PLT will not be reported for review criteria, which will be triggered by abnormal PLT histograms and PLT flag(s). Here, we present a case of severe aplastic anemia after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation with spurious high platelet count with normal histogram and no PLT flag(s)...

Objective: To analyze the efficacy and safety of the L-DEP regimen (asparaginase, liposome doxorubicin, etoposide and methylprednisolone) as a salvage therapy for the refractory primary hemophagocytic lymphohistocytosis triggered by Epstein-Barr virus infection (EBV-pHLH) in children. Methods: In this retrospective case study, clinical and laboratory data before and after L-DEP regimen of 4 children diagnosed with EBV-pHLH in Beijing Children's hospital between January 2016 and June 2022 were collected, and the efficacy and safety of L-DEP regimen for the treatment of EBV-pHLH were analyzed...

Objective: To understand the current status of anemia, iron deficiency, and iron-deficiency anemia among preschool children in China. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with a multi-stage stratified sampling method to select 150 streets or townships from 10 Chinese provinces, autonomous regions, or municipalities (East: Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Shandong, and Hainan; Central: Henan; West: Chongqing, Shaanxi, Guizhou, and Xinjiang; Northeast: Liaoning). From May 2022 to April 2023, a total of 21 470 children, including community-based children aged 0...

Polystyrene nanoplastic (PS-NPs) and Engine oil (EO) pose multiple ecotoxic effects with increasing threat to fish ecosystems. The current study investigated the toxicity of 15 days exposure to PS-NPs and / or EO to explore their combined synergistic effects on Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (O. niloticus). Hematobiochemical parameters, proinflammatory cytokines, and oxidative stress biomarkers as well as histological alterations were evaluated. The experimental design contained 120 acclimated Nile tilapia distributed into four groups, control, PS-NPs (5 mg/L), EO (1%) and their combination (PS-NPs + EO)...

A 10-year-old neutered male Maltese dog was presented for an investigation of lymphocytosis. The dog was up-to-date on vaccinations and deworming. Physical examination did not reveal any significant abnormalities. A complete blood cell count (CBC) showed mild leukocytosis with moderate lymphocytosis, basophilia, and moderate neutropenia, but no significant left shift or toxic change. Serum biochemistry and urinalysis were unremarkable. All performed tests for infectious agents common in this geographical region were negative...