Giuseppe Di Maggio, Paola Confalonieri, Francesco Salton, Liliana Trotta, Luca Ruggero, Metka Kodric, Pietro Geri, Michael Hughes, Mattia Bellan, Michele Gilio, Selene Lerda, Elisa Baratella, Marco Confalonieri, Lucrezia Mondini, Barbara Ruaro
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a complex autoimmune disease characterized by significant fibrosis of the skin and internal organs, with the main involvement of the lungs, kidneys, heart, esophagus, and intestines. SSc is also characterized by macro- and microvascular damage with reduced peripheral blood perfusion. Several studies have reported more than 240 pathways and numerous dysregulation proteins, giving insight into how the field of biomarkers in SSc is still extremely complex and evolving. Antinuclear antibodies (ANA) are present in more than 90% of SSc patients, and anti-centromere and anti-topoisomerase I antibodies are considered classic biomarkers with precise clinical features...
September 25, 2023: Current Issues in Molecular Biology