neutropenia alcoholism

OBJECTIVE: Abnormalities in blood cells are frequently associated with thyroid hormone disorders as a result of their involvement in the proliferation and production of blood cells. This study aimed to determine the magnitude and associated factors of hematological abnormalities in patients with hypothyroidism. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted from January 1 to June 30, 2023, at the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital. The present study included a total of 300 patients with hypothyroidism prospectively using the systematic random sampling technique...

Etiological investigation of hyperferritinemia includes a full clinical examination, with the measurement of waist circumference, and simple biological tests including transferrin saturation. The classification between hyperferritinemia without iron overload (inflammation, excessive alcohol intake, cytolysis, L-ferritin mutation) or with iron overload is then relatively easy. Dysmetabolic iron overload syndrome is the most common iron overload disease and is defined by an unexplained serum ferritin level elevation associated with various metabolic syndrome criteria and mild hepatic iron content increase assessed by magnetic resonance imaging...

OBJECTIVE: The treatment of biliary tract (BTC) cancer remains relatively limited, especially in the setting of advanced BTC. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have shown some effects in a variety of solid tumors, but their efficacy and safety in patients with advanced BTC are still elusive, which require in-depth analysis. METHODS: The clinical information of 129 patients diagnosed with advanced BTC between 2018 and 2021 were retrospectively reviewed. All patients were treated with chemotherapy, while a portion of them (64 patients) were treated with ICIs, the other 64 patients were not...

Docetaxel(DTX)is a key drug for breast cancer treatment; however, its formulation contains alcohol, which can cause several problems. We have been preparing original DTX without using its accompanying alcohol-solubilizing solution since 2013 and switched to generic DTX without alcohol in 2015. In this study, we compared adverse events between the original and generic DTX, both of which did not contain alcohol. We retrospectively investigated the occurrence of adverse events in breast cancer patients who were treated with DTX(75 mg/m2)as neoadjuvant or adjuvant chemotherapy from January 2013 to December 2017...

Background: Valproic acid (VPA) and its derivative, divalproex (DVP) can cause various hematologic dyscrasias, the most common being thrombocytopenia. Neutropenia and leukopenia have been reported in isolated cases, most occurring in pediatric patients or patients with epilepsy. We report a case of leukopenia and neutropenia that presented after cross taper from quetiapine to DVP for the treatment of borderline personality disorder. Case presentation: A 34-year-old male patient with history of posttraumatic stress disorder, opioid use disorder, alcohol use disorder, stimulant use disorder, cannabis use, and borderline personality disorder underwent a cross taper from quetiapine to divalproex (DVP)...

BACKGROUND Necrotizing fasciitis is a life-threatening infection of the deep soft tissues that leads to progressive destruction of the fascia and subcutaneous fat. It typically spreads along the muscle fascia planes because of the relatively poor blood supply. Muscle tissue is usually spared because of its better blood supply. The usual risk factors for necrotizing fasciitis include trauma, malnutrition, obesity, uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, alcoholism, cirrhosis, neutropenia, and recent surgery. CASE REPORT We present a case of a middle-aged female who presented with necrotizing fasciitis of the right gluteal region...

BACKGROUND: The Clostridium species is a gram positive, anaerobic, rod-shaped microbe that is known to produce many toxins. Most infections by the Clostridium species involve C. botulinum , C. difficile , and C. perfringens . However, other types of Clostridium species are also clinically relevant, such as C. septicum and C. tertium . CASE SUMMARY: We discuss a case of a 79-year-old patient with a past medical history of prostate cancer and alcohol abuse who presented to the hospital after being found down...

Levamisole is a veterinary anthelmintic drug and a common adulterant of misused drugs. This study analyses the lethal, antinociceptive and haematological effects produced by acute or repeated levamisole administration by itself or combined with morphine. Independent groups of male Swiss Webster mice were i.p. injected with 100 mg/kg morphine, 31.6 mg/kg levamisole (lethal doses at 10%, LD10 ) or the same doses combined. Naloxone pretreatment (10 mg/kg, i.p.) prevented morphine-induced death, as did 2.5 mg/kg, i...

BACKGROUND: Disproportionate fatty diet intake provokes hepatic lipid accumulation that causes non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, triggering the embryonically conserved Hedgehog (Hh) pathway in the adult liver. The present study incorporates exploring the impact of chronically administered unsaturated (D-1) and saturated (D-2) fat-enriched diets on hematological parameters, liver functioning, and lipid profile in the rat model. Besides, hepatohistology and real time gene expression analysis of Hh signaling pathway genes i...

HR+/HER2- metastatic breast cancer (MBC) is one of the most common and life-threatening conditions diagnosed in women. The endocrine therapy using an orally active CDK4/6 inhibitor, ribociclib (RB), is the most intriguing approach for treating HR+/HER2- MBC. However, the repeated three to six cycles of multiple dosing and non-targeted distribution of RB led to severe neutropenia; hepatobiliary, gastrointestinal, and renal toxicities, and QT interval prolongation. Here, a novel organic solvent-free HA-PVA-PVP (hyaluronic acid-polyvinyl alcohol-polyvinyl pyrrolidone) composed of a microneedle (MN) array is formulated to deliver RB, integrated with amphiphilic conjugated polymer (HA-GMS)-anchored ultradeformable transfersomes...

INTRODUCTION: We have previously shown that some patients present thrombocytopenia (less than 100 × 109 /L platelets) in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). To further explore the nature of this association, we have now analyzed the association of thrombocytopenia with neutropenia (less than 0.5 × 109 /L granulocytes) in NAFLD. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Persons with NAFLD were prospectively accrued in the study after February 2018. The presence of NAFLD was defined by both serologic determinations (Fibromax ®) and liver transient elastography (TE/Fibroscan ®)...

BACKGROUND: Administration of green tea (GT) catechins has been reported to ensue antitumor activity in combination with chemotherapeutic drugs against different cancer types. Irinotecan (IRN) is a highly effective chemotherapeutic drug against various types of cancer including colon cancer along with its analogous dose-limiting side effects viz. diarrhea, neutropenia, leucopenia, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) as major toxicities. METHODS: In this study, we investigated the antitumor effects of GT alone or in combination with IRN in inflammation-associated colon cancer mouse model induced by azoxymethane (AOM) and dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)...

The aim of our study was to determine whether patients with neutropenia (absolute neutrophil count (ANC) ≤1,500 cells/µL) had higher rates of surgical site infection after elective abdominal wall reconstruction. This was a case series from a prospective complex abdominal wall reconstruction cohort describing the surgical outcomes of 4 neutropenic patients (ANC ≤1,500 cells/µL) within 48 hours of index operation. Median age was 55 years, 3 patients were female. All patients had liver cirrhosis as a comorbidity: 2 patients as a result of alcohol abuse and 2 patients secondary to cryptogenic and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, respectively...

Clostridium  species are spore-forming gram-positive anaerobic rod bacteria that cause a broad range of infections in humans, including intra-abdominal infections, myonecrosis, and bacteremia. Pseudomembranous colitis (PMC) is a severe form of infection caused by  Clostridioides   difficile .   Clostridial   bacteremia usually occurs in the settings of neutropenia, alcohol abuse, diabetes mellitus, sickle cell anemia, malignancy, hemodialysis, inflammatory bowel disease, and AIDS. We report a case of fulminant PMC leading to  C...

Background: Candida endocarditis is a rare, sometimes fatal complication of candidemia. Past investigations of this condition are limited by small sample sizes. We used the Vizient clinical database to report on characteristics of patients with Candida endocarditis and to examine risk factors for in-hospital mortality. Methods: This was a multicenter, retrospective cohort study of 703 inpatients admitted to 179 US hospitals between October 2015 and April 2019. We reviewed demographic, diagnostic, medication administration, and procedural data from each patient's initial encounter...

The patient was a 56-year-old woman. A modified LSG15(VCAP-AMP-VECP)regimen was initiated as the first-line treatment for acute adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma. On day 13 from the initiation of the second course of chemotherapy, the onset of hand-foot syndrome(HFS)(hands: Grade 2; feet: Grade 1)occurred. Therefore, the administration of a heparin analog cream and betamethasone butyrate propionate ointment was initiated. On day 20 from the start of the second course of chemotherapy, the foot symptoms improved; however, hand symptoms deteriorated to Grade 3...

A 57-year-old woman with a history of mantle cell lymphoma presented to the ED with complaints of vomiting, bleeding per rectum, and leg cramps, that started 6 h prior to her arrival. She had received chemotherapy a week prior. Her leg cramps were not associated with pain or swelling of the legs; she also denied any trauma to the legs. She did complain of mild lower abdominal pain at presentation. Review of systems was negative for fever, chills, diarrhea, chest pain, and dizziness. She denied using alcohol or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs...

BACKGROUND: Prior to the introduction of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART), cytopenias were common in people with human immunodeficiency virus (PWH), but it is unknown if well-controlled HIV infection is a risk factor for cytopenia. In this study we aimed to determine if HIV infection is an independent risk factor for anemia, neutropenia, lymphocytopenia, and thrombocytopenia. METHODS: PWH with undetectable viral replication and absence of chronic hepatitis infection (n = 796) were recruited from the Copenhagen Comorbidity in HIV Infection (COCOMO) study and matched uninfected controls from the Copenhagen General Population Study (n = 2388)...

PURPOSE: To evaluate the incidence and mortality of adult patients with community-acquired septic shock (CASS) and the influence of source control (SC) and other risk factors on the outcome. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included patients with CASS admitted to the ICU at a university hospital (2003-2016). Multivariate analyses were performed to identify risk factors of ICU mortality. RESULTS: A total of 625 patients were included. The incidence showed an average annual increase of 4...

BACKGROUND: Aspergillosis is a frequent invasive fungal infection in liver recipients (affecting 1%-9.2% of all patients), second only to candidiasis. Significant risk factors for invasive aspergillosis in liver recipients include corticosteroid therapy, neutropenia, T-cell dysfunction, renal failure and requirement for renal replacement therapy. Aspergillus infection usually affects the lungs of liver recipients, with hematogenous dissemination occurring in 50%-60% of cases. Renal involvement is rare and is considered to occur in 0...